Post-fire restoration of tree species in various soil conditions after surface fires zone

This paper documents the development of soil conditions in the set of 32 permanent research plots in the Krkono&scaron;e (Giant) Mts. These plots represent an altitudinal gradient covering the ecosystems of beech, mixed beech-spruce and spruce stands. In all plots, representing the site conditions of the highest areas of the mountain range, standard soil pits were prepared and the soil sampling was performed in autumn of years 1980, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2009. The results reflect extreme site conditions, soil acidification, large scale surface liming and in minor extent also different tree species composition of the stands. The general type of the soil-genesis is represented by the podzolisation, overlapping the other soil-genetic factors, including the tree species composition. Nevertheless, this development is mostly expressed in the spruce stands. The beech dominance and/or co-dominance are reflected especially by more efficient N-cycling, higher pH, S and V values and fluctuation and lower extractable Al3+ content. More efficient cycling in beech ecosystems is insignificantly documented for plant available phosphorus, calcium and magnesium contents; on the contrary higher dynamics for iron ions was registered in the spruce stands. The long-term soil dynamics with a hysteresis (evident on the base of ordination analysis) can be divided into some periods – processes of acidification (typical in the 1980's samples), liming (main effect in 1993 and 1998) and regeneration (2003, 2009). Other features, important for the soil development, are probably related to the vegetation change, but this relation is not statistically significant.

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Site Type Effect on Litter Decomposition Rates: A Three-Year Comparison of Decomposition Process between Spoil Heap and Forest Sites

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10040353 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 353 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Horodecki ◽

Jagodziński

Keyword(s):

Litter Decomposition ◽

Tree Species ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Forest Stands ◽

Decomposition Rates ◽

Degraded Lands ◽

Spoil Heap ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Pine Stands

Research Highlights: Direct comparison of leaf litter decomposition rates between harsh soil conditions of degraded lands and adjacent “closer to natural” forest areas has not been done before. Background and Objectives: We aimed to fill this knowledge gap by determining the differences in amounts of carbon and nitrogen released by species-specific litter depending on decomposition rates in various stand and habitat conditions, which enables selection of the most ecologically and economically appropriate (for fast soil organic layer development) tree species for afforestation of reclaimed lands. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on the external spoil heap of the “Bełchatów” lignite mine (Central Poland) and adjacent forests. In December 2013, we established a litterbag experiment beneath the canopies of birch and pine stands. We used litter of Alnus glutinosa (Gaertn.), Betula pendula (Roth), Pinus sylvestris (L.), and Quercus robur (L.) collected ex situ, which we installed (after oven-drying) beneath the canopies of eight stands. The experiment lasted for three years (with sampling of three-month intervals). Results: Harsh soil conditions of degraded lands are unfavorable for litter mineralization. It was found that 23%–74% of decomposed materials were mineralized in spoil heap stands, whereas in forest stands these amounts ranged from 35%–83%. Litter of Q. robur in birch stands on the spoil heap is predicted to take 12 years longer for total decomposition than in forest stands of the same species. This hinders organic carbon turnover and could result in elongation of the time for full biological and economic reclamation of degraded lands. On the other hand, decomposition of relatively fast decomposable litter (A. glutinosa and B. pendula) in pine stands on the spoil heap was faster than in pine stands in forest sites (17% and 13% faster, respectively). We did not observe this trend for decomposition of more recalcitrant litter types of P. sylvestris and Q. robur. Conclusions: The results show the value of selective choice of tree species for afforestation of post-mining areas to accelerate the development of technogenic soil substrates. We recommend introducing all tree species studied in the cluster form of admixtures as all of them could bring some profits in ecological and economical reclamation.

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Floristic Change at the Drought Limit of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to Downy Oak (Quercus pubescens) Forest in the Temperate Climate of Central Europe

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha45210971 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 646-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Albert REIF ◽

Fotios XYSTRAKIS ◽

Stefanie GÄRTNER ◽

Uwe SAYER

Keyword(s):

Fagus Sylvatica ◽

Tree Species ◽

European Beech ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Quercus Pubescens ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Tolerant Species ◽

Fagus Sylvatica L ◽

Shallow Soils

An increase in drought could cause shifts in species composition and vegetation structure. In forests it limits the occurrence of drought sensitive tree species which become replaced by drought tolerant tree species and forest communities. Under temperate macroclimatic conditions, European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) naturally dominates the forested landscape, except on extremely shallow soil in combination with high irradiation. On these sites beech reaches its drought limit, and is replaced by forests dominated by species like downy Oak (Quercus pubescens s.l.) and English Oak (Quercus petraea L). Phytosociological and ecological data were collected in the transition (ecotone) between European beach stands and stands of more drought tolerant species in order to quantify the drought intensity threshold, above which beech is replaced by drought tolerant species. It was shown that favourable topographic and soil conditions partially compensated the unsuitable climatic conditions for beech. The ecotone between these forest types was found to be characterized by shallow soils with an available soil water storage capacity of 73 l/m² or less, and an irradiation intensity of 6000 MJ/m2 or more during the growing season. This indicates that under conditions of climate change beech would naturally still remain the dominant tree species on the majority of central European forest sites.

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The Study Trees Potential for Forest in Universitas Lancang Kuning Pekanbaru

EKSAKTA Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA ◽

10.24036/eksakta/vol20-iss1/176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85

Author(s):

Marta Dinata ◽

Fitridawati Fitridawati ◽

Lusi Dwi Putri

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Fragmented Habitat ◽

Litter Accumulation ◽

A Value ◽

Integrated Research ◽

Structure Observation ◽

Edge Path

The location of the study of Potential tree species for Peripheral Forest Development is determined by Lancang Kuning University, which is on Yos Sudarso road KM 8 Rumbai Pekanbaru, which is a fragmented habitat. The method used is census through measurement of area, structure observation, population enumeration, measurement of three dimensions. Calculating tree species diversity (H '), Assessing the suitability criteria of a type of tree for each type of green edge path area refers to the method of analyzing an integrated research plan, the important value index for the highest vegetation is acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) with a value amounting to 73.11. Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) type of tree is less suitable. This is because the population is too high, where the debris that falls hard to decompose causes a thick pile when trampled slipperily and endangers safety, which eventually leaves litter accumulation causing soil conditions on the slopes to become soft because it is moist and has the potential to become landslides.

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Distribution of tree species in a geomorphological and pedological gradient of submontane semidecidual seasonal forest in the vicinity of Rio Doce state park, Minas Gerais

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/s0100-67622012000400012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 707-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Priscila Bezerra de Souza ◽

João José Lelis ◽

Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer ◽

Agostinho Lopes de Souza ◽

João Augusto Alves Meira Neto

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Tree Species ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Soil Survey ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Semideciduous Forest ◽

Topographic Gradient ◽

Composite Samples

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the distribution of tree species in a fragment of submontane seasonal semideciduous forest, a buffer zone in the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Minas Gerais, is influenced by geomorphological and weather and soil variables, therefore it can represent a source of information for the restoration of degraded areas where environmental conditions are similar to those of the study area. A detailed soil survey was conducted in the area by sampling three soil profiles per slope segment, totaling 12 profiles. To sample the topsoil, four composite samples were collected from the 10-20 cm layers in each topographic range totaling 16 composite samples. In the low ramp and the lower and upper concave slopes, the texture ranged from clay to sandy-clay. The soil and topographic gradient was characterized by changes in the soil physical-chemical properties. The soil in the 10-20 cm sampled layer was sandier, slightly more fertile and less acid in the low ramp than the clayer soil, nutrient-poor and highly acid soil at the top. The soil conditions in the lower and upper slope of the sampled layers, in turn, were intermediate. The P levels were limiting in all soils. The species distribution along the topographic gradient was associated with variations in chemical fertility, acidity and soil texture. The distribution of Pera leandri, Astronium fraxinifolium, Pouteria torta, Machaerium brasiliense and Myrcia rufipes was correlated with high aluminum levels and to low soil fertility and these species may be indicated for restoration of degraded areas on hillsides and hilltops in regions where environmental conditions are similar. The distribution of Pouteria venosa, Apuleia leiocarpa and Acacia polyphylla was correlated with the less acid and more fertile soil in the environment of the low ramps, indicating the potential for the restoration of similar areas.

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Lagerstroemia speciosa (Pride of India).

10.1079/isc.29704.20203482881 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Julissa Rojas-Sandoval

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Costa Rica ◽

Root System ◽

Tree Species ◽

Virgin Islands ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Parking Lots ◽

Lagerstroemia Speciosa ◽

Bright Pink

Abstract L. speciosa is a tree species widely commercial for ornamental purposes and as roadside trees. This species is very appreciated in the horticulture market for its large, showy, bright pink to lavender flowers (Gilman and Watson, 1993; Randall, 2012, USDA-ARS, 2017). It is often planted in gardens, yards and parks, around parking lots, and along highways (Gilman and Watson, 1993 Orwa et al., 2009). L. speciosa has escaped from cultivation and now it can be found naturalized in waste places, disturbed sites, open grasslands, and along roadsides in a great variety of climates (Orwa et al., 2009). It has a wide spreading crown and a dense root system with the potential to alter soil conditions and inhibit the establishment of native vegetation in the understory. Currently it is listed as invasive in Belize, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Balick et al., 2000; Chacón and Saborío, 2012; Rojas-Sandoval and Acevedo-Rodríguez, 2015).

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GROWTH OF TREE SPECIES IN PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS AND FORMATION OF FOREST AND RECOVERY COMPLEXES IN CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPECONDITIONS OF CENTRAL RUSSIAN FOREST STEPPE

Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century theory and practice ◽

10.34220/2308-8877-2020-8-1-109-113 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 109-113

Author(s):

Elena Mikhina ◽

Vyacheslav Mikhin

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Average Height ◽

Typical Chernozem ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Birch Tree ◽

European Part Of Russia ◽

Russian Forest

Protective forests in the central forest-steppe of the European part of Russia were created at different times with a diverse assortment of plants. Fast-growing tree scpecies in the composition of artificial linear stands are introduced from the moment of their formation. Soil and hydrological conditions are one of the main conditions on which successful growth of tree species depends. The highest biometric growth indicators in middle-aged plantations in height of balsamic poplar are observed on typical chernozem (0,82 m / year), less significant (0,65 m / year) on leached chernozem. The greatest activity in growth is manifested up to the age of 13 - 18 years. The silver birch tree is characterized by a decrease in activity in height growth since the age of 14 - 20 years. The average annual increase to the 30 year period is 0,60 – 0,74 m / year. In the best soil conditions (typical chernozem), growth rates are higher. In forest belts, both fast-growing (poplar, birch) and slow-growing and long-lasting (english oak) tree species have differences in height and diameter growth depending on their placement in the transverse profile. At the age of 33-45 years, a convex profile is formed, where the average height of the central rows is 10,6 – 16,8% more than the marginal ones and the average diameter of the extreme rows exceeds diameter of average rows by 10,1 – 19,9%. In fast-growing tree species, the active reclamation effect of beneficial protective factors is already evident in youth and at the same time, the width of the inter-strip cells on chernozem soils should not exceed 600 - 650 m.

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Responses of foliar anatomical traits to soil conditions in 11 tree species on coastal saline-alkali sites of Shandong, China

Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.17521/cjpe.2019.0131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 697-708

Author(s):

Xu CHEN ◽

Hong-Kai LIU ◽

Chun-Zhou ZHAO ◽

Qiang WANG ◽

Yan-Ping WANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Soil Conditions

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Seedling growth, root development and nutrient use efficiency of Cypress clones in response to calcium fertilizer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23579/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Zhang ◽

Guoqing Jin ◽

Zhichun Zhou

Keyword(s):

Root Development ◽

Tree Species ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Height Growth ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Growing Period ◽

Fertile Soil ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Accumulation Efficiency ◽

Infertile Soil

Abstract Background: Cypress (Cupressus funebris Endl.) is an important tree species in the subtropics of China, it is also a major tree species for afforestation and forest land restoration under infertile site conditions. Cypress is considered to be a calcicolous tree, whose there are growth and development can be promoted significantly by exchangeable Calcium (Ca2+) in the soil. However, most of the subtropical regions have infertile acidic soils, in which Ca2+ gradually becomes a limiting element for cypress growth. Results: In this study, different concentrations of Ca2+ fertilizer were added under fertile and infertile soil conditions. Cypress clones responded differently to Ca2+ addition in different soil conditions. In the infertile soil, the addition of 3 g•kg− 1 Ca2+ advanced and prolonged the fast-growing period of seedling height growth, increased plant height and dry biomass, promoted the development of fine roots ≤ 1.5 mm in diameter, and improved accumulation efficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and Ca by the roots in cypress clones; however, the addition of 6 g•kg− 1 Ca2+ inhibited height growth and root development of cypress. In the fertile soil, Ca2+ addition delayed and shortened the fast-growing period for cypress height growth, but plant height and dry biomass did not differ significantly between treatments; Ca2+ addition also inhibited the development of fine roots. The clone with fast height growth had a larger proportion of roots with a diameter ≤ 1.5 mm and achieved higher N accumulation efficiency, while Ca accumulation efficiency showed genotypic differences only in the fertile soil. Conclusions: An appropriate level of Ca2+ can be added to infertile soil to promote cypress seedling growth, and clones with fast height growth and developed fine roots can be selected for cultivation and promotion in the fertile soil without Ca2+ application.

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