scholarly journals Prediction of fecundity of livestock by the level of adaptability in the ecological and climatic conditions of the Southern Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
G I Belkov
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Southern Urals

Yield and seed productivity of pear rootstock forms in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
A. I. Lokhova ◽  
E. Z. Savin ◽  
A. M. Rusanov ◽  
A. A. Mushinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Typical Soil

The article presents the results of studying the diversity of pear rootstock forms in terms of yield and seed productivity. The research was carried out at the experimental sites of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture of AllRussian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Botanical Garden of the Orenburg State University in 2017-2019, in typical soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg city. The purpose of the study is to identify pear rootstock forms characterized by high yield and stable seed productivity for use in the future as a seed rootstock. During the research, 15 pear accessions were studied; the planting scheme was 6x4 m. As a result of research, it was found that the rootstock form Temno-zelenaya is characterized by a high yield (40 kg/tree). High seed productivity of more than 6 seeds in one fruit was observed in samples: Vernaya (6.0-6.5 pcs.), SK-1, SK-3 (6.1-7.8 pcs.), SK-2 (7.0-7.5 pcs.), Chang Bai Li (7.4-7.7 pcs.), Semennaya 214 (7.5-7.8 pcs.). It was revealed that the Xiao he Bai Li variety is characterized by the maximum weight of 1000 seeds (65.2 g). Analysis of accessions by seed yield established that a consistently high yield is observed in the varieties Chang Bai Li (2.5-4.2 %), Vernaya (3.96-4.18 %) and forms SK-1 (2.0-3.25%), SK-2 (2.25-2.75 %), SK-3 (1.43-4.0 %). Pear rootstock forms Chang Bai Li, Vernaya, Semennaya 214, SK-1, SK-2, SK-3 were identifi ed, which can be recommended for production testing as seed pear rootstocks for the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals The influence of root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) on the productivity of durum wheat in the soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 848 (1) ◽  
pp. 012112
Author(s):  
D V Mitrofanov ◽  
N A Maksyutov ◽  
A A Zorov ◽  
V Yu Skorokhodov ◽  
Yu V Kaftan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Southern Urals

Promising forms of apricot for the conditions of the Orenburg Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
V. V. Beskopyl’naya ◽  
A. A. Mushinskiy ◽  
E. V. Aminova ◽  
A. Zh. Saudabayeva
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Tree Form ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Continental Climate

The article describes new forms of apricot revealed in the sharply continental climate of the steppe zone of the southern Urals. The research was carried out in the period 2014-2020 on the basis of the Orenburg experimental station of horticulture and viticulture of the All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The experiment was conducted on annual seedlings in rain-fed conditions on a collection site in 2013, the layout of trees is 6×4 m. The soil of the experimental site and the adjacent massif is southern carbonate Chernozem, low-power, medium-loamy. According to productivity, fruit taste and winter hardiness (damage of 2 points), three forms of apricot SIZV-6-1, NO. 40, and D-36 were identified with the following characteristics: average fl owering period (from April 27 to May 1), the height is from 2 (D-36) to 3.5 (SI-ZV-6-1) meters, the yield is from 9.8 kg (form 40) to 15.7 kg per tree (form D-36). The revealed forms SI-ZV-6-1, No. 40 have a good, harmonious, sweet taste of fruits. The exception is the D-36 form, which has a sourness in the pulp. For all the time of research, the forms SI-SV-6-1, D-36, No. 40 were not aff ected by clasterosporium and moniliosis. The climatic conditions of the Orenburg region during the period of observation of phenological parameters were very diverse, which allowed us to give a comprehensive assessment of new forms of apricot. The information obtained during monitoring is new and can be used in breeding work.

scholarly journals Study and conservation of Iris aphylla L. during introduction in the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
L. F. Beksheneva ◽  
A. A. Reut
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Southern Urals

The article provides information about some biological features of the rare species Iris aphylla L., listed in a number of regional Red books. Ten-year-old plants, introduced into the South-Ural Botanical Garden- Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of RAS, were studied. Phenological features of the species, indicators of seed productivity and morphometric parameters of cultivars were studied. The assessment of decorative qualities and success of introduction of I. aphylla is carried out. It was revealed that the seed-grown species of I. aphylla in the forest-steppe zone of the Bashkir Urals passes the full cycle of development. According to the terms of flowering, the introduced species is referred to the group of early-flowering irises. Seed productivity is estimated as average. According to the assessment of the decorative qualities I. aphylla is referred to medium decorative plants. The early and fairly long flowering has been noted, as well as the presence of several buds on the shoot. The success of the introduction was six points, that is, the introduced species regularly mass flowering, bears fruit, reproduces vegetative, has a high resistance to local climatic conditions. I. aphylla is recommended to replenish the zonal assortment of cultivated plants of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

scholarly journals Assessment of the adaptive potential of the plum-tree to the conditions of the winter period in the northern forest-steppe of the Southern Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00120
Author(s):  
Tatyana Slepneva ◽  
Sergey Makarenko ◽  
Alexander Taranau
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Plum Tree

The results of assessment are presented the stability of 13 sorts of plum-tree P. salicina subsp. ussuriensis Koval. et Kost. to the climatic conditions in the winter period from 2015/16 to 2020/21 in the northern forest-steppe of the Southern Urals. Like the control sort Ural’skaya zolotistaya by high adaptability to the conditions of the winter period are characterized sorts Altajskaya yubilejnaya, Zavet, Pionerka, Sapfir, Seyanec Krasnogo shara, Sodruzhestvo, Sinil’ga, Ural’skie zori, Chernosliv pozdnij. Stable fruiting over the years, regardless of weather conditions, during the flowering period with a yield of 62.0 to 91.6 hundredweight/ha are mark out with an increasing total sort Altajskaya yubilejnaya, Pionerka, Chernosliv pozdnij. The control sort Ural’skaya zolotistaya exceeds the yield of the sort Altajskaya yubilejnaya (91.6 hundredweight/ha), at the level of control the yield of the sorts Sodruzhestvo (71.5 hundredweight/ha), Sapfir (70.0 hundredweight/ha).

scholarly journals The influence of ecological conditions on vegetative propagation of lilac varieties in the South Ural Botanical Garden (Ufa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Natalia Viktorovna Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Aerial Roots

The paper presents the results of a long-term (2001-2018) study of vegetative propagation methods of the Syringa L. genus varieties on the basis of the South Ural Botanical Garden Institute of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The objective of the study was to determine the most effective and affordable ways of lilac varieties propagating in the climatic conditions of the Southern Urals, as well as to identify environmental factors affecting the effectiveness of vegetative propagation. Throughout the research period, such methods of vegetative propagation of lilac varieties as spring vaccinations, summer budding, propagation by aerial roots, green cuttings propagation were studied. As a result of the studies, it was found that the maximum quantity planting material is obtained when varieties are propagated by green cuttings using sand or a mixture of sand with perlite as a substrate. In the South Urals, greenhouses in the open ground for rooting lilac cuttings are practically unsuitable, because rooted cuttings die in them in winter or early spring. Therefore, in the climatic conditions of Bashkortostan, the rooting of lilac cuttings is desirable to be carried out in a sheltered greenhouse. With the help of spring vaccination, you can rejuvenate old vaccinated specimens, and summer budding can be used provided that the grafted plants provide a comfortable wintering, since early frosts characteristic of the Bashkir Urals lead to the death of green and not yet lignified shoots. The method of aerial roots can be considered acceptable and promising for the vegetative propagation of lilacs varieties.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE SOUTHERN URALS RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AKTOBE TOURISM INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1274-1279
Author(s):  
Zharas ВERDENOV ◽  
◽  
Erbolat MENDYBAYEV ◽  
Aidana BEKETOVA ◽  
Nuriya SATKAROVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Objective Basis

Tourism is a sphere of the social and economic complex, which is gradually turning into a developing industry. The importance of tourism development for the economy of Kazakhstan as a whole is essential. This scientific article is devoted to the assessment of the promising areas recreational potential of the Aktobe regions tourist activity. The study geographically describes the research area, the pattern of natural and climatic conditions, the uniqueness of landscapes and the complexity of their spatial and temporal organization. The units of physical-geographical or economic-geographical zoning serve as an objective basis for assessing territorial combinations of natural conditions and resources. The scientific work gives a brief description of the natural conditions, geomorphological and floral composition of the Southern Urals territories that are promising for recreational tourism. The article presents the factors reflecting the attractiveness of the region for the creation of specially protected natural areas.

scholarly journals Development of technology and manufacturing of an import-substituting complex of machines for cultivating crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
R. S. Rakhimov ◽  
I. R. Rakhimov ◽  
D. A. Yalaletdinov ◽  
E. O. Fetisov ◽  
Ya. Yu. Khamitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Large Farms

A variety of topography, climate, vegetation and soil of the Southern Urals indicates the need to choose the technology and complex of machines for cultivating crops in accordance with the conditions of the zone and economy. Analysis of existing crop cultivation technologies showed the need for their improvement. To ensure the possibility of changing the methods of soil cultivation and sowing depending on soil and climatic conditions, the cultivated crop and the place of culture in crop rotation, a universal technology is proposed, which provides for the need to create conditions for growth and development of plants based on accumulation and economical use of moisture with application of working bodies and a complex of tillage and sowing machines appropriate to the conditions of the zone. The types of working bodies for basic, additional and presowing tillage and sowing of agricultural crops by various methods are substantiated. The degree of universalization of combined machines for farms with different areas of arable land is established. For small farms with arable land up to 1200 ha, one universal machine with replaceable working bodies or modules is needed to perform primary, secondary and pre-sowing tillage and sowing. For medium-sized farms with arable land up to 10 thousand hectares, separate universal machines with replaceable working bodies are needed for primary tillage, with replaceable modules for additional tillage, and tillage sowing machines with replaceable modules with different types of working bodies are necessary for pre-sowing tillage and sowing. For large farms with arable land area of over 10 thousand hectares it is necessary to use combined single-purpose machines. Based on the previously conducted studies, using the obtained mathematical models and agrotechnical requirements for developing new machines, calculations were carried out and the design parameters of machine complex for tractors of 1.4...5 traction class were substantiated. They were produced by LLC Chelyabinsk Compressor Plant and Varnaagromash LLC with various degrees of universalization The complex of machines for cultivating agricultural crops developed and produced at these plants for various types of farms makes it possible to fulfil all the elements of the proposed technology adopted in the zone in accordance with the agrotechnical requirements as well as soil and climatic conditions of the zone.

scholarly journals Climatic Optimum as a Factor of the Economic Crisis of Steppe Nomads in the 4th Century AD

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Mikhail Krivosheev ◽  
Aleksandr Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Societies ◽  
Desert Steppes ◽  
Humid Period

Introduction. Archaeological sites of the 4th century AD absent on most of the area of the Late Sarmatian culture. This may be both due to the difficulties of their identification and absence of chronological indicators and due to migrations of nomads from the steppe zone. Perhaps unfavorable climatic conditions for nomadic cattle breeding affected the decrease in the number of nomadic population in the 4th century AD. Methods and materials. The paleosoil data allow reconstructing the ecological situation in dry and desert steppes in the first centuries AD. The initial stage of the Late Sarmatian era (the late 2nd – the early 3rd centuries AD) was marked by arid conditions with cold winters with little snow, which were favorable for cattle breeding in the steppe zone. In the late 3rd century and at the turn of the 3rd – 4th centuries, the processes of humidization began – an increase in climate humidity, which favorably affected the ecological situation in the steppe: high grass, area watering. Such situation provided successful livestock grazing in summer. However, in winter, an increase in humidity led to heavy snowfalls and snowstorms, an increase in snow cover, frequent winter thaws, rain, fog, that were replaced by periods of cooling. At this time, grass icing and ice crust formation occured. Analysis. In those conditions, the number of days, when cattle grazing was impossible, increased. As a consequence, there was weakening and disease of the livestock, until the complete loss of the herd. This was followed by the decrease of population. Results. The humidization processes primarily affected the Southern Urals and in the final of the 3rd century reached the Volga-Don steppes. This could be the reason for the outflow of the Late Sarmatian population from the Southern Urals to the Volga regions. In the 4th century AD, the steppes from the Urals to the Lower Don were practically depopulated. The beginning of the humid period, which was unfavorable for the nomadic economy, had a positive effect on settled agricultural societies. The Early Alanian culture of the Central Caucasus demonstrates the dynamics of active development throughout the Late Sarmatian period, including in the 4th c. AD. The duration of this humid period is difficult to estimate, however, in the Hun Epoch, steppes remained almost uninhabited, as evidenced by the small number of sites of this time.

scholarly journals Winter reproduction of cyclomorphic mammals: from a case to the phenomenon

2019 ◽  
Vol 485 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-641
Author(s):  
E. B. Grigorkina ◽  
G. V. Olenev ◽  
N. G. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Rodent Community ◽  
Climatic Pattern ◽  
Winter Breeding

In 2010 (a year of drought), the true winter breeding (TWB) of the pygmy wood mouse (S. uralensis) was first recorded in the Southern Urals and confirmed by the morphological parameters and age markers. The young born in winter fulfilled successfully their reproductive potential under favorable climatic conditions. The true winter breeding and the age cross of animals during the year of drought promoted the maximum population growth and enhanced population genetic heterogeneity. In subsequent years, TWB of S. uralensis became common, which is regarded as a climatic pattern. Extreme drought rearranged the rodent community and caused TWB of S. uralensis, which resulted in a higher abundance of the species.

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