scholarly journals Research on the Economic Growth for Under-Developed Counties -- Based on Two-way Fixed-effects Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 690 (1) ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
Zhengze Li ◽  
Zibo Huang ◽  
Yongcheng Zhang ◽  
Zili Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects Model

scholarly journals Islamic Bank Financing and Its Effects on Economic Growth: A Cross Province Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anif Afandi ◽  
Muhammad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Bank Financing ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Almost All

Islamic banking industry shows a reasonably good development, one of which is marked by an increase in service coverage in almost all provinces in Indonesia. However, the question is how far Islamic banking capable of contributing to the improvement of Indonesia's economic growth? The purpose of this research is to examine the role of Islamic banking in promoting inclusive economic growth with a sample of 33 provinces in Indonesia. The method used in this research is panel data regression using the fixed effects model. The results show that Islamic bank financing does not have an impact on Indonesia's economic growth. In other words, the results of the research provide information that the existence of Islamic banking in Indonesia has not yet give a significant impact on the welfare of Indonesian society

Evaluating the impact of changes in human capital structure on Russia's economic growth dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-222
Author(s):  
Roman M. MEL'NIKOV ◽  
Valentina A. TESLENKO
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article explores the impact of changes in the educational structure of the employed population on the dynamics of economic growth. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the impact of changes in the share of employed persons, having secondary vocational and higher education, and researchers with academic degree on the growth rates of the Russian economy. Methods. The study employs the regression analysis of panel data of Russian regions, the specification with a quadratic dependence of economic growth rates on the share of employed persons, having the higher education and secondary vocational education. A fixed-effects model is used to analyze the short-term effects, the sustainability of results, and long-term effects, using the pool models and random effects models. Results. The increase in the share of researchers with academic degree has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, but only if adequate R&D funding is provided. The increase in the share of employed persons with higher education up to thirty percent is accompanied by an increase in the growth rate of real GRP in the long run, however, further expansion of higher education has no positive effect on economic growth. Conclusions. A powerful form of personnel training for Russian high-tech companies is a special model of ‘industrial postgraduate training’, which involves the collaboration of universities with industrial partners.

Institutional Change and Economic Growth in East Asia after the Asian Financial Crisis, 1997-98

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Kee Hoon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Asian Financial Crisis ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
The World

Theories on institutional change assert that exogenous shocks are critical in transforming path-dependent institutions. There is not much empiric research, however, that has investigated whether that is indeed the case. To fill this gap, this study investigates the effects of institutional quality on economic growth with a focus on East Asia before and after the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, which delivered a critical shock in economic activities and institutions in East Asia. Using panel data analysis from 1981 and 2007, I investigate whether the effect of institutional quality on economic growth differed in East Asia compared to rest of the world before the crisis and whether such relationship changed after the crisis. Using two-way fixed effects model, the estimation shows that the effect of institutional quality on economic growth was positive on average for the rest of the world after the crisis but negative for East Asia. The negative coefficient was particularly strong for the three countries—South Korea, Indonesia, and Thailand—that suffered the most during the crisis. However, in the long term, there was no significant change of this negative effect.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Economic Growth in CEMAC through a Panel Data Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Nzingoula Gildas Crepin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth

<div><p><em>This article highlights through a panel data approach the determinants of economic growth; observed over the last decade in the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) and necessary to reach emerging economies stage. To do this, we essentially used Stata 12 software to come up with the results, and a panel data sample comprising six CEMAC member states, namely Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Chad, for the period ranging from 2000 to 2013. The results obtained after estimating ordinary least squares, fixed effects model, random effects model, generalized method of moments (GMM) and specification tests show that the best model to estimate these types of data is the fixed effects model. Besides, the main determinants of economic growth in CEMAC over that period are Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and loans lending to the economy (LOAN). After estimation, FDI is found positive and significant on economic growth, while LOAN is significant and found negative maybe due to lack of good governance.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Media and Economic Growth: Country Groups Difference via Panel Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Ahapova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Press ◽  
Per Capita

The present article investigates the link between economic growth, namely GDP per capita, and the media activity represented with the indicator of the press freedom alongside other factors such as infrastructure, institutional conditions, and foreign direct investments. A panel of 179 countries was used for the period from 2000 to 2015. In particular, we run two panel data analysis models, fixed effects and random effects models, and examined their output with Hausman’s specification test, which pointed the fixed effects model as more efficient for the presented data set. However due to the presence of serial correlation, heteroskedastic, and cross-panel dependence, a Prais-Winsten regression with panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) was implemented. The comparative analysis of models of four country groups, divided by GNI per capita, was conducted. Both statistically significant correlation coefficients and models’ output provided evidence of an association between economic growth and the press activity.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of Human Capital Convergence in Indonesia

JEJAK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-322
Author(s):  
Aminuddin Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
Capital Growth ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Convergence Model ◽  
Second Period

This research analyzes the convergence hypothesis that applied to human capital which is one of important factor for economic development. This model applied to analyze the condition of provinces in Indonesia that have different conditions of human capital between regions for 33 provinces in Indonesia for two period between 2004 to 2010 and 2010 to 2016. This study uses data panels in estimating with fixed effects model as the best model choice. The result of the analysis for sigma convergence model is a decrease of global dispersion of human capital growth in Indonesia for the both periods. The results of beta convergence confirm the existence of absolute and conditional convergence model for the both periods. The determinants of human capital convergence in first period are economic growth, poverty, illiteracy, access to sanitation, access to clean water, number of health centers, and number of universities. Meanwhile different conditions are shown in the second period where the determinants of conditional convergence of human capital are determined only by economic growth, poverty, and sanitation access.

Abstract MP37: Macroeconomic Growth is Associated with Increases in Cardiovascular Mortality in Countries with Lower Social Protection Spending

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Bilal ◽  
Manuel Franco ◽  
Thomas A Glass
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Macroeconomic Growth ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: Macroeconomic growth has been shown to be associated with increases in cardiovascular (CVD) mortality. However, it is unclear whether concurrent social protection policies may mitigate the observed associations. Objective: To study if social protection expenditure modifies the association between macroeconomic growth and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: We included 21 OECD countries from 1980 to 2010 with available data in the Comparative Welfare States Data Set and the WHO Mortality Database. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was used as a proxy for economic growth. Age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality rates were calculated. Countries were divided into tertiles of average Social Protection expenditure. We used fixed-effect models to study the association of GDP growth with CVD mortality stratified by tertile of social protection expenditure. We included four lagged GDP terms to account for the cyclical nature of GDP. A second fixed-effects model was fitted with time-varying linear and quadratic social protection expenditure and its interaction with GDP. Results: Overall, a 1% increase in GDP was associated with an increase in CVD mortality of 0.5% (95% CI: 0.21-0.83%, p=0.001). In countries with high and medium social protection expenditure, GDP increases were not associated with changes in CVD mortality (p=0.80 and p=0.52 respectively). In countries with the lowest social protection expenditure, a 1% GDP increase was associated with a significant increase in CVD mortality of 0.7% (95% CI: 0.04-1.32% p=0.03). These results were consistent in analysis using time-varying social protection expenditure (Figure). Conclusion: Our results highlight the need for social protection policies to accompany economic growth to mitigate its potential deleterious effects on cardiovascular diseases. Further research should study specific policies that mitigate the harmful effects of macroeconomic growth.

What precipitates growth in CO2 emissions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimelech Paye Gbatu ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Presley K. Wesseh ◽  
Vamuyan A. Sesay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Real Output ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The degradation of the natural habitat at the expense of economic development is a harmful growth that warrants environmental policy actions. For instance, the economic impacts of environmental pollution are quite visible in developed and developing economies, where human health is compromised by rapid economic growth and energy induced pollution. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of CO2 emissions on economic development. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the correlation between pollutant emissions and key economic variables within the economic community of West African states (ECOWAS) region by applying fixed effects model to unbalanced time-series panel data for the period 1980-2014. This paper examines the full ECOWAS panel and sub-panels with export-and-import-dependent countries. Findings The authors argue that energy consumption (EC) and real output exert causal influences on CO2 emissions for the full ECOWAS panel and the sub-panels with export-and-import-dependent countries. Practical implications The results imply that increase in EC is the main factor that promotes economic growth in the region. Additionally, growth in EC and real output stimulates CO2 emissions growth. Originality/value Therefore, it is argued that technological innovations that increase energy efficiency through new carbon-free technologies that minimize CO2 emissions growth without impairing economic growth and development must be introduced in the region.

scholarly journals The Consequences of Corruption on Economic Growth in Mediterranean Countries: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Boussalham
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This study attempts to assess the impact of corruption on economic growth in the Mediterranean countries, during the period from 1998 to 2007. Econometric analysis using panel regression has been adopted to test this effect. Individual effects models such as random effects model and fixed effects model were applied to the study sample of 160 observations, and to choose the suitable model, we implemented several tests. For our analysis, we used a basic model that includes the dependent variable GDP per capita as a factor of economic growth and the corruption perception index as the independent variable concerned. Then we completed the model with several standardized macroeconomic control variables mentioned above and applied the individual effects models. The outcomes illustrate that corruption has a negative impact on the selected Mediterranean countries&rsquo; economic growth.

scholarly journals Financial development and economic growth in the CEPGL region: evidence based on panel data

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Nyamugira Biringanine ◽  
Kazamwali Mzee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

This paper contributes to the huge debate on the relationship between financial development and the economic growth. The evidence is applied to the CEPGL (Communauté Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs) region. Previous studies have concluded either to the absence of connection between the two spheres, to a unidirectional or bidirectional relationship, or to a differentiated connection depending on the economic status of development of the country. The research design applied in this research has been inspired by the reality of the region by running an Error Correction Model for each country and a fixed effects model on panel data for the whole region. Therefore, we estimated econometric models from a series of macroeconomic data relating to the depth, and the accessibility of the financial system. The data used in this study range from 1976 to 2013. Insights from this study show that the financial system of the region is extremely underdeveloped, a weak connection between the financial and the economic sphere, in addition to an ambivalent sense of causality. 

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