Liquid smoke characteristic from coconut shell and rice husk

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of rice husk liquid smoke in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in the inflammatory and proliferation marker such as nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), collagen type 1 (COL-1) expression, and the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts. Materials and Methods Rice husk liquid smoke is obtained by the pyrolysis process. Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in 20 μL phosphate-buffered saline containing 1 × 109 CFU was injected into the lower anterior gingival sulcus of Wistar rats. The periodontitis was then treated with 20 μL/20 g body weight of rice husk liquid smoke once a day for 2 and 7 days, respectively. After treatment, the bone and lower anterior gingival sulcus were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin–eosin staining. Results The treatment of periodontitis with rice husk liquid smoke showed a lower NF-kB, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression and a higher TGF-β, FGF2, and COL-1 expression than the control after treatment for 2 and 7 days (p < 0.05), respectively. The number of macrophages and fibroblasts was also higher when compared with the control group (p < 0.05), but the number of lymphocytes was lower than the control (p < 0.05). Conclusion Rice husk liquid smoke showed its effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis with a decrease in inflammatory markers and an increase in proliferation markers. The development of a rice husk liquid smoke periodontitis treatment is promising.

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The Effect Of Adhesive Variations (Starch, Liquid Smoke, and Used Oil), And The Form Of Rice Husk Briquette (Cylinder and Block) On The Performance Of The Gasification TLUD Method

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1858/1/012001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1858 (1) ◽

pp. 012001

Author(s):

Wijianto ◽

Sarjito ◽

Nur Aklis ◽

Subroto ◽

Amin Sulistyanto

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Liquid Smoke ◽

Used Oil

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Gasification and Power Generation Characteristics of Rice Husk, Sawdust, and Coconut Shell Using a Fixed-Bed Downdraft Gasifier

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2027

Author(s):

Md. Emdadul Hoque ◽

Fazlur Rashid ◽

Muhammad Aziz

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Airflow Rate ◽

Gas Generation ◽

Biomass Feedstocks ◽

Downdraft Gasifier ◽

Synthetic Gas

Synthetic gas generated from the gasification of biomass feedstocks is one of the clean and sustainable energy sources. In this work, a fixed-bed downdraft gasifier was used to perform the gasification on a lab-scale of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell. The aim of this work is to find and compare the synthetic gas generation characteristics and prospects of sawdust and coconut shell with rice husk. A temperature range of 650–900 °C was used to conduct gasification of these three biomass feedstocks. The feed rate of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell was 3–5 kg/h, while the airflow rate was 2–3 m3/h. Experimental results show that the highest generated quantity of methane (vol.%) in synthetic gas was achieved by using coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. It also shows that hydrogen production was higher in the gasification of coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. In addition, emission generations in coconut shell gasification are lower than rice husk although emissions of rice husk gasification are even lower than fossil fuel. Rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell are cost-effective biomass sources in Bangladesh. Therefore, the outcomes of this paper can be used to provide clean and economic energy sources for the near future.

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The use of Liquid Smoke as A Substitute for Nitric Acid for Extraction of Amorphous silica from Rice husk through Sol-Gel Route

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/320435 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 2079-2085 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Wasinton Simanjuntak ◽

Simon Sembiring ◽

Kamisah Kamisah ◽

D. Pandiangan ◽

Faradilla Syani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Amorphous Silica ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Liquid Smoke

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Increase of collagen in diabetes-related traumatic ulcers after the application of liquid smoke coconut shell

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i2.p71-75 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo ◽

Ira Arundina ◽

Retno Pudji Rahayu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Topical Application ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Healing Process ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Process Indicator ◽

Liquid Smoke ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Background: Traumatic ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus may experience delayed healing despite their diabetic condition being controlled. Liquid smoke coconut shell containing phenolic compounds can potentially accelerate the healing process. One healing process indicator is the increased number of fibroblasts, another being the increased amount of collagen. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the amount of collagen in traumatic ulcers in diabetics after application of liquid smoke coconut shell. Methods: Alloxan was induced in twenty-four male Wistar rats as models of diabetes mellitus. A traumatic 10 mm ulcer was made along the labial fornix incisive inferior with a round, stainless steel blade before liquid smoke coconut shell and benzydamine hydrochloride (as the control) was administrated once a day. A biopsy of the labial fornix incisive inferior was subsequently performed after the topical application for 5 and 7 days. Histological assessment was conducted to analyze the amount of collagen by means of Masson Trichome staining. Results: Histologically, the topical application of liquid smoke coconut shell for 5 days significantly increased the amount of collagen, higher than that of benzydamine hydrochloride as the control (p=0.006) (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the topical application of liquid smoke coconut shell for 7 days made the concentration of collagen no significantly different from that of benzydamine hydrochloride as the control (p=0.156) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Liquid smoke coconut shell applied for 5 days increase the amount of collagen in traumatic ulcers in diabetic patients.

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RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PRODUKSI ASAP CAIR DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI CYCLONE-REDISTILLATION

Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem ◽

10.29303/jrpb.v7i2.113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 148-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Fathussalam ◽

Angky Wahyu Putranto ◽

Bambang Dwi Argo ◽

Arta Harianti ◽

Arsyika Oktaviani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coconut Shell ◽

Liquid Smoke

Tingginya produksi tanaman kelapa di Indonesia mempunyai hubungan yang postif dengan jumlah limbah tempurung kelapa yang dihasilkan, dimana limbah tersebut cukup sulit diuraikan oleh mikroorganisme. Sehingga pemanfaatan limbah tempurung kelapa menjadi arang dan asap cair telah banyak dikembangkan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Selama ini, proses pembuatan asap cair dari tempurung kelapa (coconut shell-liquid smoke) dilakukan secara konvensional selama 3-5 hari dengan kualitas asap cair grade C dan rendemen asap cair yang rendah. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan rancang bangun mesin pembuat asap cair dari tempurung kelapa berbasis teknologi cyclone-redistillation yang dapat meningkatkan rendemen dari asap cair yang dihasilkan. Pengujian performansi mesin dianisis berdasarkan parameter rendemen dari setiap grade (A, B dan C) yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode rekayasa (engineering). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mesin pembuat asap cair dari tempurung kelapa berbasis teknologi cyclone-redistillation telah diproduksi sesuai spesifikasi dengan dimensi keseluruhan panjang 132 cm, lebar 100 cm dan tinggi 145 cm. Rendemen asap cair tempurung kelapa grade A sebesar 2,17%, sedangkan grade B dan C masing-masing memiliki rendemen 0,33% dan 0,83%. Rancang bangun mesin pembuat asap cair dari tempurung kelapa berbasis teknologi cyclone-redistillation ini berpotensi besar untuk diterapkan pada UKM penghasil asap cair di Indonesia untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas asap cair dari limbah tempurung kelapa.

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The cyclone separator application on physicochemical characterization of coconut shell-liquid smoke grade C

Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering ◽

10.21776/ub.afssaae.2020.003.02.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 68-74

Author(s):

Angky Wahyu Putranto ◽

Firda Puspaningarum ◽

Sukardi Sukardi

Keyword(s):

Total Yield ◽

Physicochemical Characterization ◽

Common Method ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Cyclone Separator ◽

Liquid Smoke ◽

Direct Condensation

The further processing of coconut shell pyrolysis into liquid smoke has been developed in recent years. However, the common technology by directly condensing the smoke has many impurity compounds which decreases the yield of liquid smoke produced. Hence, in this study the cyclone separator was applied to increase the quality of physicochemical content in coconut shell-liquid smoke (CS-LS) grade C. The physical parameters analyzed were yield, pH, density and color. The chemical parameters was analyzed by GC-MS. The result showed that CS-LS processing with cyclone separator was able to increase the total yield into 3.33%, with better color, pH and density compared to the CS-LS produced using common method (direct condensation). The application of cyclone separator was also able to increase the phenolic compounds (97%), alcoholic compounds (92%), cycloalkene compounds (91%) and also decreased the benzoic acid, carbonyl and ester up to 100% compared with common method for CS-LS grade C production.

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