scholarly journals The cyclone separator application on physicochemical characterization of coconut shell-liquid smoke grade C

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Angky Wahyu Putranto ◽  
Firda Puspaningarum ◽  
Sukardi Sukardi
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Cyclone Separator ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Direct Condensation

The further processing of coconut shell pyrolysis into liquid smoke has been developed in recent years. However, the common technology by directly condensing the smoke has many impurity compounds which decreases the yield of liquid smoke produced. Hence, in this study the cyclone separator was applied to increase the quality of physicochemical content in coconut shell-liquid smoke (CS-LS) grade C. The physical parameters analyzed were yield, pH, density and color. The chemical parameters was analyzed by GC-MS. The result showed that CS-LS processing with cyclone separator was able to increase the total yield into 3.33%, with better color, pH and density compared to the CS-LS produced using common method (direct condensation). The application of cyclone separator was also able to increase the phenolic compounds (97%), alcoholic compounds (92%), cycloalkene compounds (91%) and also decreased the benzoic acid, carbonyl and ester up to 100% compared with common method for CS-LS grade C production.

Characterization of Waste into Liquid Smoke from Wood Powder and Coconut Shell (Cocos nucifera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Ermaya
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Shell Waste

Liquid smoke is the result of condensation or condensation from the steam resulting from pyrolysis (combustion). From ingredients that contain lotsof lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and carbon compounds which can be used as preservatives. Sawdust and coconut shell are sawdust, which is waste from the remains of refining wood on furniture and market waste from coconuts which are taken from coconut milk and oil. Both contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, these ingredients can be made into liquid smoke. The purpose of this study was to utilize sawdust and shell waste as liquid smoke which could be applied to the pickling and clumping industry. Making liquid smoke is done using a pyrolysis device. The liquid smoke formed is filtered. Then the yield was calculated and analyzed the quality of the liquid smoke, namely specific gravity, pH, and color. The results showed that the yield of sawdust was higher than coconut shell, namely 45.09%. And the resulting color is better sawdust.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization Cascade of Nanoadjuvant–Antigen Systems for Improving Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Giuditta Guerrini ◽  
Antonio Vivi ◽  
Sabrina Gioria ◽  
Jessica Ponti ◽  
Davide Magrì ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Protein Antigen ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

Adjuvants have been used for decades to enhance the immune response to vaccines, in particular for the subunit-based adjuvants. Physicochemical properties of the adjuvant-protein antigen complexes, such as size, morphology, protein structure and binding, influence the overall efficacy and safety of the vaccine. Here we show how to perform an accurate physicochemical characterization of the nanoaluminum–ovalbumin complex. Using a combination of existing techniques, we developed a multi-staged characterization strategy based on measurements of increased complexity. This characterization cascade has the advantage of being very flexible and easily adaptable to any adjuvant-protein antigen combinations. It will contribute to control the quality of antigen–adjuvant complexes and immunological outcomes, ultimately leading to improved vaccines.

Evaluation of Sweet Sauce Characteristic Taste Based on Electronic Tongue Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1593-1601
Author(s):  
Ming Quan Huang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Bao Guo Sun ◽  
Hong Yu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
On Line

A commercial electronic tongue (ET) with specific sensors was applied on taste distinction and physicochemical characterization of seven kinds of sweet sauces. The response signals of ET sensors were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Factor Analysis (DFA). Meanwhile, these signals were transformed into the four relative taste scores (sourness, saltiness, umami and sweetness) by macro operation, followed by comparing with the corresponding four physiochemical indexes (total acids, sodium chloride, amino nitrogen and reducing sugars) which were determined by the methods in GB/T. The results show that ET can be used to distinguish different kinds of sweet sauces according to overall taste. Moreover, the intensity order of taste scores that obtained from ET is basically matched with the sequence of the corresponding physicochemical indexes, which proves that ET technique can be an effective approach to monitor and guarantee the quality of sweet sauce on line.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PARAMETER FISIS BRIKET TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Maria Lurumutin Umrisu ◽  
Redi K. Pingak ◽  
Albert Zicko Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK Briket bioarang merupakan salah satu bahan bakar yang berasal dari biomassa. Biomassa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tempurung kelapa dan sekam padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi sekam padi dan variasi perekat terhadap parameter fisis briket tempurung kelapa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, nilai porositas dan nilai kadar abu, secara berturut-turut berkisar antara (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, komposisi sekam padi berbanding terbalik dengan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air dan nilai kadar abu briket dan berbanding lurus dengan nilai porositas briket. Berdasarkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, dan nilai kadar abu briket, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini briket dengan komposisi 40% tempurung kelapa dan 60% sekam padi memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan komposisi lainnya. Kata Kunci : Briket, Tempurung kelapa, Sekam padi, Densitas, Kadar air, Porositas dan Kadar abu. ABSTRACT Bio-briquette is one of the fuels that comes from biomass. The biomass used in this research is coconut shell and rice husk. The aims of this research are to know the influence of variation of rice husk composition and thickness variation on physical parameters of shell briquettes. The results of this study indicate that the density, moisture value, porosity and ash values, respectively ranged between (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). The analysis showed that in general, the composittion of rice husk is inversely proportional to density, moisture value and briquette ash value, otherwise the composition of rice husk is directly proportional briquette porosity value. Based on density value, mositure value and ash value it can be concluded that in this research the quality  of briquettes with composition 40% coconut shell and 60% rice husk is better than the other compositions. Keywords: Briquette, Coconut shell, Rice husk, Density, Water content, Porosity and Ash content.

scholarly journals Características Físico-Químicas de Patês de Frango Light em Sódio

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Aparecida Dias ◽  
Fernanda Barbosa Lupki ◽  
Chrystiellen Ayana Aparecida Rodrigues ◽  
Mauro Ramalho Silva ◽  
Ana Catarina Perez Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Low Levels

A redução de cloreto (NaCl) e/ou de nitrito de sódio (NaNO2) é uma relevante estratégia a ser implementada pela indústria, considerando os problemas de saúde relacionados ao consumo excessivo de sódio. Substituições parciais desses sais por concentrado proteico de soro de leite (WPC), um subproduto da indústria láctea, é uma alternativa a ser investigada visando manter as propriedades tecnológicas dos produtos. Objetivou-se produzir e avaliar a qualidade físico-química de patê de frango com teores reduzidos destes sais, e adicionados de WPC. Elaboraram-se quatro formulações com concentrações variadas dos ingredientes, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições e em triplicata: P1 - controle (1,3% de NaCl e 0,5% de NaNO2); P2 (0,25% de NaNO2e 0,25% de WPC), P3 (0,65% de NaCl e 0,65% de WPC) e P4 (0,25% de NaNO2, 0,65% de NaCl e 0,9% de WPC). Procedeu-se a caracterização físico-química da massa crua (composição química, teor de proteínas sal-solúveis, estabilidade da emulsão, pH e cor). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância e teste de média por Tukey (p< 0,05). Todas as formulações atenderam aos requisitos legais quanto aos teores de proteínas, de lipídeos e de umidade. As amostras com maiores quantidades de WPC (P3 e P4) apresentaram maior estabilidade da emulsão em relação ao controle (P1). Concluiu-se que foi possível elaborar patê de frango com teores de cloreto e nitrito de sódio reduzidos, obtendo-se produtos com apelos mais saudáveis. Palavras-chave: Cloreto de Sódio. Nitrito de Sódio. Proteínas Lácteas. Produto Cárneo. Aditivos Alimentares.   Abstract Salt (NaCl) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) are important ingredients in food production, due to technological properties. However, the reduction of these salts is relevant strategy to be implemented by the food industry, being its replacements by whey protein concentrate (WPC), a byproduct of the dairy industry, an alternative to be investigated. In this study, the physicochemical quality of chicken pate with low levels of salts and with addition of WPC was produced and evaluated. Four formulations were prepared with the same ingredients varying only the NaCl and NaNO2 concentrations, namely: P1 - control (1.3% NaCl and 0.5% NaNO2); P2 (0.25% NaNO2 and 0.25% WPC), P3 (0.65% NaCl and 0.65% WPC) and P4 (0.25% NaNO2, 0.65 % NaCl and 0.9% WPC). The physicochemical characterization of the raw batter (chemical composition, in salt-soluble proteins, emulsion stability, pH and color) of the chicken patês were performed. The analysis of variance, in a randomized complete block design, was performed for investigating the significant effects among the treatments (p < 0.05), with Tukey test. Regarding the raw batter, the pâté had the legal requirements for the content of proteins, lipids and moisture. Furthermore, the WPC incorporation increased emulsion stability in some samples (P3 and P4) compared to the control. It was concluded that it was possible to prepare chicken patê with low chloride and sodium nitrite levels, thus obtaining healthier products Keywords: Chloride Sodium. Sodium Nitrite. Milk Proteins. Meat Product. Food Additive.

scholarly journals Elaboración y caracterización Fisicoquímica de membranas bioplásticas a base de Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica)

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Rosario Alicia Gálvez-Chan ◽  
Gabriel Omar Silva-Encinas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Interesting Alternative ◽  
Plastics Industry

The objective of the research is the physicochemical characterization of bioplastic membranes based on Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) to determine their possible applications. The tests performed for the characterization were: permeability, solubility, resistance, thickness, drop test and chemical analysis with the infrared spectrophotometer. Today, new and better alternatives are sought in obtaining different polymers that benefit humanity and the environment. Recycling is an option but it is not a very effective alternative for all plastics, however, biopolymers are a solution from the origin of the problem since the vast majority of them their biodegradation time is much less than that of a common plastic. Biopolymers, which for the most part come from renewable resources so they become an interesting alternative for the plastics industry. The physicochemical properties of the Nopal-based membranes (Opuntia ficus-indica), are similar to synthetic plastic membranes, being a viable alternative to replace them, thus contributing to society, with a better quality of life being environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Study of Four Onion Varieties Drying Kinetics in an Oven and a Solar Greenhouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Ngoné Fall Beye ◽  
Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou ◽  
Cheikhou Kane ◽  
Mariame Niang Mbaye ◽  
Cheikh Talla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Solar Greenhouse ◽  
Drying Conditions

Onion production (Allium cepa L.) in Senegal reached 390 000 tons in 2016. Due to post-harvest losses, annual demand (150 000 and 250 000 tons) is being met through imports. This work consists in proposing a drying process at a lower cost to overcome this dependence and preserve the quality of the product. The optimization of local onion varieties drying in an oven and in solar greenhouse, as well as the physicochemical characterization of the products were carried out. The moisture of fresh onion bulb varies between 85.56 &plusmn; 0.60 and 89.13 &plusmn; 0.69 (%). To obtain a moisture &pound; 8.89 &plusmn; 0.16 (%) ensuring stability, the optimal drying conditions in the oven are 60&deg; C / 6H (Galmi Violet) and 7H (Safari, Gandiol F1 and Orient F1). Under these conditions, the content of polyphenols in g equivalent of gallic acid / 100 g db increases (0.111 &plusmn; 0.0040 to 0.312 &plusmn; 0.0041 before drying, 0.546 g &plusmn; 0.0117 to 0.837 &plusmn; 0.0091 after drying). Optimum solar drying in a greenhouse is obtained between temperatures of 35 to 65&deg; C / 8H-9H. From a perspective of sustainable development, the perspective is the modeling of drying kinetics in a solar greenhouse.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of the Quality of Groundwater: Case Study of the Tebessa Plain (North-East Algeria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
Lassaad Ghrieb ◽  
Ammar Maoui ◽  
Essia Boudjebieur ◽  
Yacine Gueroui
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Study Region ◽  
North East ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In order to characterize the physicochemical quality of groundwater, and to examine the behavior of factors influencing water chemism in the Tebessa Plain, which is part of a semi-arid region located in the northeast of Algeria, physicochemical analyses were carried out on 32 water samples from the Mio-Plio quaternary water table. In the east of the study region, in the Djebissa area, most of the Triassic formations form a depression made up of masses of gypsiferous clay, where some outcrops of Triassic dolomites appear together with several blocks of carbonate rocks, torn off during the Aptian- Albian age. In the center and to the west of the plain, carbonate formations are represented by a significant layer of limestone marl and marl from the Cretaceous to Tertiary periods. The results obtained showed that the quality of the water is influenced by the heterogeneity of the geological formations. The concentrations of chlorides, sulphates, and sodium are high in the eastern part of the study area, which can be explained by the impact of gypsum formations, confirmed by the Sr2+/Ca2+ ratio being greater than 3 ‰ for the majority of samples. In the wells of the Tebessa and Ain Chabro areas, the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonates increase due to the predominance of carbonate formations of borders. The use of the statistical tool confirmed the evaporitic origin of the anions, especially in the east of the study region.

A Method to Assess the Quality of Studies That Examine the Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Card ◽  
Bernadene A. Magnuson
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Nanomaterial Characterization

As reports on the safety of various nanomaterials have yielded conflicting results, assessment of the reliability of each study is required to objectively interpret overall safety of the nanomaterial. A 2-step method to assess the quality of nanotoxicity studies is described. The first step uses a publicly available tool to rank the reliability of the study based on adequacy of design and documentation of methods, materials, and results, providing a “study score.” The second step determines the completeness of physicochemical characterization of the nanomaterial/nanomaterials assessed within the study, providing a “nanomaterial score.” This approach is encouraged to promote the notion that for studies conducted with nanomaterials, the combination of a reliable study and sufficient nanomaterial characterization is of significantly greater value than either of these alone. It is anticipated that the use and evolution of this approach will assist with the design and interpretation of studies assessing nanomaterial toxicity.

Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Dalam Pemilihan Batok Kelapa Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Arang Berkualitas Dalam Menghasilkan Suhu Panas (Studi Kasus Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Ekasakti Padang)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 011
Author(s):  
M. Ilham A. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Quality Decision ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Good Heat

Coconut shell charcoal as a source of energy can produce heat and high quality. Decision Support Systems (DSS) can help for the selection criteria which can produce high quality coconut shell charcoal. Capability (Analytical Hierarchy Process) AHP can help solve complex matters that have a structured hierarchy of the criteria. To determine the quality of charcoal from coconut shells menghasilkann good heat used several criteria: the size of the shell, shell shell, shell color and oil content. In addition, also the type of oil as an alternative like coconut, hybrid coconut and coconut genyah. The results obtained from the analysis and ranking alternative is to type in the palm of 0.659, 0.217 of hybrid coconut, and coconut genyah at 0.214. The results of these studies provide the best possible decision by indicating that coconut is the best alternative for the quality of charcoal to be made of liquid smoke and worthy life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document