scholarly journals Adaptation of microclones of blackberries to in vivo conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
A V Titenkov ◽  
M N Lushpin ◽  
T N Lushpina ◽  
N V Kotsareva ◽  
A N Kryukov
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Thornless Blackberry ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Traditional Breeding ◽  
Regenerant Plants

Abstract The results of studying the effect of mineral fertilizing on rhizogenesis and the development of aboveground organs of regenerant plants of blackberry thornless adaptable to in vivo conditions in the laboratory of selection, vegetable growing and horticulture, cloning “UNITS” Agrotechnopark “of Belgorod State Agrarian University are presented. Regenerated plants of thornless blackberry cultivar Agavam were adapted to in vivo conditions in a peat-perlite mixture with the addition of microelements and growth regulator root 16 days earlier than in the control. An active growth of the aboveground part and roots of regenerated plants of thornless blackberry was noted on the 21st day, in the control - on the 42nd day after the start of adaptation. By the end of the rooting stage on the 24th day, the regenerant plants formed an aerial part of two pairs of leaves 22 mm high and a developed root system - 37 mm. The mineral and hormonal composition of nutrient media for the cultivation of thornless blackberries has been optimized, an effective combination of physical and chemical factors at different stages of micropropagation has been determined, which enhance the proliferation of shoots and roots, and the dependence of the efficiency of adaptation of regenerated plants to in vivo conditions has been established. Along with traditional breeding methods, new opportunities for solving the problem of thorn-free blackberry varieties are provided, along with traditional breeding methods, which make it possible to accelerate the process of obtaining valuable planting material to provide the population and the processing industry with valuable berry products.

Physical and chemical decay of prosthetic ACL after in vivo implantation

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ambrosio ◽  
A. Apicella ◽  
M. Mensitieri ◽  
L. Nicolais ◽  
S.J. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Chemical

Using inverse Laplace transform in positronium lifetime imaging

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Shibuya ◽  
Haruo Saito ◽  
Hideaki Tashima ◽  
Taiga Yamaya
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Inverse Laplace Transform ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Statistical Accuracy ◽  
Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Positronium Lifetime ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Limited Sensitivity

Abstract Positronium (Ps) lifetime imaging is gaining attention to bring out additional biomedical information from positron emission tomography (PET). The lifetime of Ps in vivo can change depending on the physical and chemical environments related to some diseases. Due to the limited sensitivity, Ps lifetime imaging may require merging some voxels for statistical accuracy. This paper presents a method for separating the lifetime components in the voxel to avoid information loss due to averaging. The mathematics for this separation is the inverse Laplace transform (ILT), and the authors examined an iterative numerical ILT algorithm using Tikhonov regularization, namely CONTIN, to discriminate a small lifetime difference due to oxygen saturation. The separability makes it possible to merge voxels without missing critical information on whether they contain abnormally long or short lifetime components. The authors conclude that ILT can compensate for the weaknesses of Ps lifetime imaging and extract the maximum amount of information.

scholarly journals Individual Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resuscitation-Promoting Factor Homologues Are Dispensable for Growth In Vitro and In Vivo

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 515-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoAnn M. Tufariello ◽  
William R. Jacobs, ◽  
John Chan
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Aerosol Infection

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses five genes with significant homology to the resuscitation-promoting factor (Rpf) of Micrococcus luteus. The M. luteus Rpf is a secreted ∼16-kDa protein which restores active growth to cultures of M. luteus rendered dormant by prolonged incubation in stationary phase. More recently, the Rpf-like proteins of M. tuberculosis have been shown to stimulate the growth of extended-stationary-phase cultures of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. These data suggest that the Rpf proteins can influence the growth of mycobacteria; however, the studies do not demonstrate specific functions for the various members of this protein family, nor do they assess the function of M. tuberculosis Rpf homologues in vivo. To address these questions, we have disrupted each of the five rpf-like genes in M. tuberculosis Erdman, and analyzed the mutants for their growth in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to M. luteus, for which rpf is an essential gene, we find that all of the M. tuberculosis rpf deletion mutant strains are viable; in addition, all show growth kinetics similar to Erdman wild type both in vitro and in mouse organs following aerosol infection. Analysis of rpf expression in M. tuberculosis cultures from early log phase through late stationary phase indicates that expression of the rpf-like genes is growth phase-dependent, and that the expression patterns of the five M. tuberculosis rpf genes, while overlapping to various degrees, are not uniform. We also provide evidence that mycobacterial rpf genes are expressed in vivo in the lungs of mice acutely infected with virulent M. tuberculosis.

AMPHOTERICIN B TOPICAL EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NON-DERMATOPHYTIC ONYCHOMYCOSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
KOMESMUNEEBORIRAK PHOJANA ◽  
WERAWATGANONE PORNPEN ◽  
MUANGSIRI WALAISIRI
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Injection Product

Objective: At present, the nail preparation to cure onychomycosis, caused by non-dermatophyte molds, is not commercially available in Thailand. The physical and chemical stability of amphotericin B (AmB) extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and their in vitro nail permeation was evaluated. Methods: AmB extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% DMSO were prepared from a commercial sterile injection product, and cream or hydrophilic ointment. Physical stability was tested at 30°C for 2 months, or using 6 heating-cooling cycles. The chemical stability and in vitro nail permeation of AmB content were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro nail permeation was performed by applying 3.5 mg/mm2 of the tested formulation on nail clippings for 5 consecutive days. Results: The AmB cream and ointment extemporaneous preparations containing 30% DMSO, a permeation enhancer, were homogeneous and pale yellow to yellow cream or ointment. The AmB ointment was stable for up to 60 days. The ointment preparation allows in vitro penetration through nails up to 14.17 μg/cm2. The ointment preparation allows significantly better penetration through than the cream preparation due to the presence of DMSO, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and water in the ointment preparation. Conclusion: The AmB extemporaneous ointment was successfully compounded from a commercial sterile injection product with a beyond-use date of 60 days. The ointment preparation is currently under further investigation for in vivo efficacy.

Abstract 230: Lipoprotein X Causes Renal Disease in LCAT Deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward B Neufeld ◽  
Alice Ossoli ◽  
Seth G Thacker ◽  
Boris Vaisman ◽  
Milton Pryor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Lcat Deficiency ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is characterized by low HDL, accumulation of an abnormal cholesterol-rich multilamellar particle called lipoprotein-X (LpX) in plasma, and renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine if LpX is nephrotoxic and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of FLD renal disease. We administered a synthetic LpX, nearly identical to endogenous LpX in its physical, and chemical properties, to wild-type and Lcat -/- mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated an apoA-I and LCAT-dependent pathway for LpX conversion to HDL-like particles, which likely mediates normal plasma clearance of LpX. Plasma clearance of exogenous LpX was markedly delayed in Lcat -/- mice, which have low HDL but only minimal amounts of endogenous LpX and do not spontaneously develop renal disease. Chronically administered exogenous LpX deposited in all renal glomerular cellular and matrical compartments of Lcat -/- mice, and induced proteinuria and nephrotoxic gene changes, as well as all of the hallmarks of FLD renal disease as assessed by histological, TEM, and SEM analyses. Extensive in vivo EM studies revealed LpX uptake by macropinocytosis into mouse glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells and delivery to lysosomes, where it was degraded. Endocytosed LpX appeared to be degraded by both human podocyte and mesangial cell lysosomal PLA 2 and induced podocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in vitro and renal Cxl10 expression in Lcat -/- mice. In conclusion, LpX is a nephrotoxic particle that in the absence of LCAT induces all of the histological and functional hallmarks of FLD and hence may serve as a biomarker for monitoring recombinant LCAT therapy. In addition, our studies suggest that LpX-induced loss of endothelial barrier function and release of cytokines by renal glomerular cells likely plays a role in the initiation and progression of FLD nephrosis.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROFILE HAVING BROAD SPECTRUM BACTERIOCINS AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabiha Imran ◽  
Twinkle Gupta ◽  
Aarti Arora ◽  
Nilanjan Das
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Cationic Peptides ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical

  Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by microbes owned by different eubacterial taxonomic branches. Most of them are small cationic membrane-active compounds that form pores in the targeted cells, disrupting membrane possibilities, and triggering cell fatality. The availability of small cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity is a protection strategy found not only in bacteria but also in plants and animals. The antibiotics which have extensive applications in the treatment of various bacterial diseases have developed alarming resistance against them in many pathogens due to improper use besides this antibiotics have adverse side effects also. There are an extensive variety of bacteriocins made by different bacterial genera have promising alternative to antibiotics that needs to be further studied to show the no existence of undesirable effects, which must be performed both in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. Most of the bacteriocin have narrow spectrum of their activity and effective only on the related species. There is an urgent need for the identification of broad-spectrum bacteriocins isolated from the species from different habitats that can be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. In this review, we focus on the main physical and chemical characteristics of broad-spectrum bacteriocin and discuss their application as an alternative option to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Chiral Effect at Nano-Bio Interface: A Model of Chiral Gold Nanoparticle on Amylin Fibrillation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Shasha Zhang ◽  
Zhongjie Ma ◽  
Zhuoying Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Interesting Insight ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Conformation Transition

Protein/Peptide amyloidosis is the main cause of several diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases. It has been widely acknowledged that the unnatural fibrillation of protein/peptides in vivo is significantly affected by the physical and chemical properties of multiscale biological membranes. For example, previous studies have proved that molecule chirality could greatly influence the misfolding, fibrillation and assembly of β-Amyloid peptides at the flat liquid-solid surface. However, how the nanoscale chirality influences this process remains unclear. Here we used gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, d = 4 ± 1 nm)—modified with N-isobutyl-L(D)-cysteine (L(D)-NIBC) enantiomers—as a model to illustrate the chiral effect on the amylin fibrillation at nano-bio interface. We reported that both two chiral AuNPs could inhibit amylin fibrillation in a dosage-dependent manner but the inhibitory effect of L-NIBC-AuNPs was more effective than that of D-NIBC-AuNPs. In-situ real time circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that L-NIBC-AuNPs could inhibit the conformation transition process of amylin from random coils to α-helix, while D-NIBC-AuNPs could only delay but not prevent the formation of α-helix; however, they could inhibit the further conformation transition process of amylin from α-helix to β-sheet. These results not only provide interesting insight for reconsidering the mechanism of peptides amyloidosis at the chiral interfaces provided by biological nanostructures in vivo but also would help us design therapeutic inhibitors for anti-amyloidosis targeting diverse neurodegenerative diseases.

In vitro Propagation and Chemical and Biological Studies of the Essential Oil of Salvia przewalskii Maxim

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 839-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skała ◽  
Danuta Kalemba ◽  
Anna Wajs ◽  
Marek Róźalski ◽  
Urszula Krajewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Biological Studies

The procedure of Salvia przewalskii shoot multiplication and the ability of regenerated plants to produce essential oil is reported. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves and flowering stems of field-grown plants, and their chemical composition was examined by GC, GC-MS and 1H NMR. The differences in yield as well as qualitative and quantitative composition between the oils isolated from in vitro and in vivo plants were observed. S. przewalskii essential oil was tested for its antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. It was found that cytotoxicity against human leukemia HL-60 cells and antimicrobial activity (especially, against Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains) of oils isolated from in vitro plants were higher than those for oils from in vivo S. przewalskii plants.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Principles, and Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles for In Vivo Imaging Applications—A Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallyn ◽  
Anton ◽  
Vandamme
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Drug Nanocarriers

The current nanotechnology era is marked by the emergence of various magnetic inorganic nanometer-sized colloidal particles. These have been extensively applied and hold an immense potential in biomedical applications including, for example, cancer therapy, drug nanocarriers (NCs), or in targeted delivery systems and diagnosis involving two guided-nanoparticles (NPs) as nanoprobes and contrast agents. Considerable efforts have been devoted to designing iron oxide NPs (IONPs) due to their superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior (SPM IONPs or SPIONs) and their large surface-to-volume area allowing more biocompatibility, stealth, and easy bonding to natural biomolecules thanks to grafted ligands, selective-site moieties, and/or organic and inorganic corona shells. Such nanomagnets with adjustable architecture have been the topic of significant progresses since modular designs enable SPIONs to carry out several functions simultaneously such as local drug delivery with real-time monitoring and imaging of the targeted area. Syntheses of SPIONs and adjustments of their physical and chemical properties have been achieved and paved novel routes for a safe use of those tailored magnetic ferrous nanomaterials. Herein we will emphasis a basic notion about NPs magnetism in order to have a better understanding of SPION assets for biomedical applications, then we mainly focus on magnetite iron oxide owing to its outstanding magnetic properties. The general methods of preparation and typical characteristics of magnetite are reviewed, as well as the major biomedical applications of magnetite.

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