In vitro Propagation and Chemical and Biological Studies of the Essential Oil of Salvia przewalskii Maxim

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 839-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skała ◽  
Danuta Kalemba ◽  
Anna Wajs ◽  
Marek Róźalski ◽  
Urszula Krajewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Biological Studies

The procedure of Salvia przewalskii shoot multiplication and the ability of regenerated plants to produce essential oil is reported. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves and flowering stems of field-grown plants, and their chemical composition was examined by GC, GC-MS and 1H NMR. The differences in yield as well as qualitative and quantitative composition between the oils isolated from in vitro and in vivo plants were observed. S. przewalskii essential oil was tested for its antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. It was found that cytotoxicity against human leukemia HL-60 cells and antimicrobial activity (especially, against Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains) of oils isolated from in vitro plants were higher than those for oils from in vivo S. przewalskii plants.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Rhododendron tomentosum – an Endangered Essential Oil Bearing Plant from Peatland

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jesionek ◽  
Adam Kokotkiewicz ◽  
Paulina Wlodarska ◽  
Natalia Filipowicz ◽  
Adam Bogdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Genetic Fidelity ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Rhododendron Tomentosum

Abstract Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja (formerly Ledum palustre L.) is a medicinal peat bog plant native to northern Europe, Asia and North America. This plant has a distinctive aroma thanks to the presence of essential oil, to which it also owes its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and insecticidal properties. However, in Europe R. tomentosum is classified as an endangered species, mainly due to degradation of peatlands. In the present work, the micropropagation protocol for R. tomentosum was established for the first time, providing both an ex situ conservation tool and a means of continuous production of in vivo and in vitro plant material for further studies. R. tomentosum microshoots were initiated from leaf explants and further multiplied using Schenk-Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with 9.84 μM 2iP and 1.00 μM TDZ. The shoots were elongated on the SH medium supplemented with 24.6 μM 2iP and subsequently rooted using the perlite substrate saturated with half-strength Woody Plant medium supplemented with 1.0% sucrose and 4.92 μM IBA. The regenerated plants were hardened on the phytohormone-free SH medium and acclimatized using 3:1:1 deacidified peat:perlite:gravel substrate. The identity of the mother plant was confirmed at morphological and molecular levels and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was implemented to assess the genetic fidelity of the regenerants. The essential oil content of the maternal plant, in vitro shoots and the regenerants was determined by steam-distillation, and the obtained volatile fractions were analyzed by GC/MS.

scholarly journals Phenotypical studies of raw and nanosystem embedded Eugenia carryophyllata buds essential oil antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Considering the large number of the multiresistant bacterial strains and the increasing need in new antimicrobial formulation, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antipathogenic effect of E. caryophyllata essential oil on collection and recently isolated clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Experimental assays were carried out by in vitro and in vivo tests. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the antimicrobial activity was followed by the analysis of the essential oil influence on enzymatic soluble virulence factors expression. The cytotoxic effect of the vegetal extract was quantified by using HeLa cells. Nanosystem embedded essential oil was used to establish the in vivo antipathogenic effect on mice. Qualitative screening results revealed an early microbicidal effect quantified by low minimum inhibitory concentration values. The in vivo study showed a stabiliziation of the essential oil biological activities when using nanosystem embedding, that could be used for the design of proper formulations for delivery systems with antimicrobial effect.

The in vivo and in vitro angiogenic evaluation of the essential oil of Echinophora tournefortii

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Demirci ◽  
T Kiyan ◽  
A Koparal ◽  
M Kaya ◽  
F Demirci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil

scholarly journals Amelioration of lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro by Satureja khozestanica essential oil in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ahmadvand ◽  
Majid Tavafi ◽  
Ali Khosrowbeygi ◽  
Gholamreza Shahsavari ◽  
Maryam Hormozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diabetic Rats

Neurotrophic Properties of Silexan, an Essential Oil from the Flowers of Lavender-Preclinical Evidence for Antidepressant-Like Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Kristina Friedland ◽  
Giacomo Silani ◽  
Anita Schuwald ◽  
Carola Stockburger ◽  
Egon Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Primary Hippocampal Neurons

Abstract Background Silexan, a special essential oil from flowering tops of lavandula angustifolia, is used to treat subsyndromal anxiety disorders. In a recent clinical trial, Silexan also showed antidepressant effects in patients suffering from mixed anxiety-depression (ICD-10 F41.2). Since preclinical data explaining antidepressant properties of Silexan are missing, we decided to investigate if Silexan also shows antidepressant-like effects in vitro as well as in vivo models. Methods We used the forced swimming test (FST) in rats as a simple behavioral test indicative of antidepressant activity in vivo. As environmental events and other risk factors contribute to depression through converging molecular and cellular mechanisms that disrupt neuronal function and morphology—resulting in dysfunction of the circuitry that is essential for mood regulation and cognitive function—we investigated the neurotrophic properties of Silexan in neuronal cell lines and primary hippocampal neurons. Results The antidepressant activity of Silexan (30 mg/kg BW) in the FST was comparable to the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (20 mg/kg BW) after 9-day treatment. Silexan triggered neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis in 2 different neuronal cell models and led to a significant increase in synaptogenesis in primary hippocampal neurons. Silexan led to a significant phosphorylation of protein kinase A and subsequent CREB phosphorylation. Conclusion Taken together, Silexan demonstrates antidepressant-like effects in cellular as well as animal models for antidepressant activity. Therefore, our data provides preclinical evidence for the clinical antidepressant effects of Silexan in patients with mixed depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Distribution of the Transcription Factors Sox9, AP-2, and [Delta]EF1 in Adult Murine Articular and Meniscal Cartilage and Growth Plate

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherri R. Davies ◽  
Shinji Sakano ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Linda J. Sandell
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Transcription In Vitro ◽  
Sox9 Protein

The control of extracellular matrix (ECM) production is important for the development, maintenance, and repair of cartilage tissues. Matrix molecule synthesis is generally regulated by the rate of gene transcription determined by DNA transcription factors. We have shown that transcription factors Sox9, AP-2, and [delta]EF1 are able to alter the rate of CD-RAP transcription in vitro: Sox9 upregulates, AP-2 exhibits biphasic effects, and [delta]EF1 represses expression of the CD-RAP gene. To correlate these in vitro activities in vivo, transcription factors were co-immunolocalized with ECM proteins in three different cartilage tissues in which the rates of biosynthesis are quite different: articular, meniscal, and growth plate. Immunoreactivities of type II collagen and CD-RAP were higher in growth plate than in either the articular or meniscal cartilages and correlated positively with Sox9 protein. Sox9 staining decreased with hypertrophy and was low in articular and meniscal cartilages. In contrast, AP-2 and [delta]EF1 were low in proliferating chondrocytes but high in lower growth plate, articular, and meniscal cartilages. This increase was also accompanied by intense nuclear staining. These immunohistochemical results are the first to localize both [delta]EF1 and AP-2 to adult articular, meniscal, and growth plate cartilages and provide in vivo correlation of previous molecular biological studies.

scholarly journals Antitumor Effect of the Essential Oil from the Leaves of Croton matourensis Aubl. (Euphorbiaceae)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilly Lima ◽  
Rafaela Alves ◽  
Gigliola D´Elia ◽  
Talita Anunciação ◽  
Valdenizia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Antitumor Effects

Croton matourensis Aubl. (synonym Croton lanjouwensis Jabl.), popularly known as “orelha de burro”, “maravuvuia”, and/or “sangrad’água”, is a medicinal plant used in Brazilian folk medicine as a depurative and in the treatment of infections, fractures, and colds. In this work, we investigated the chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic and in vivo antitumor effects of the essential oil (EO) from the leaves of C. matourensis collected from the Amazon rainforest. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID), respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity of the EO was assessed in cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT116, HepG2, and HL-60) and the non-cancer cell line (MRC-5) using the Alamar blue assay. Furthermore, annexin V-FITC/PI staining and the cell cycle distribution were evaluated with EO-treated HepG2 cells by flow cytometry. In vivo efficacy of the EO (40 and 80 mg/kg/day) was demonstrated in C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice with HepG2 cell xenografts. The EO included β-caryophyllene, thunbergol, cembrene, p-cymene, and β-elemene as major constituents. The EO exhibited promising cytotoxicity and was able to cause phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation without loss of the cell membrane integrity in HepG2 cells. In vivo tumor mass inhibition rates of the EO were 34.6% to 55.9%. Altogether, these data indicate the anticancer potential effect of C. matourensis.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Essential Oils on Selected Weeds: Potential Hazard on Food Crops

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ibáñez ◽  
María Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

The chemical composition of winter savory, peppermint, and anise essential oils, and in vitro and in vivo phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli) and food crops (maize, rice, and tomato), have been studied. Sixty-four compounds accounting for between 97.67–99.66% of the total essential oils were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Winter savory with carvacrol (43.34%) and thymol (23.20%) as the main compounds produced a total inhibitory effect against the seed germination of tested weed. Menthol (48.23%), menthone (23.33%), and iso-menthone (16.33%) from peppermint only showed total seed germination inhibition on L. multiflorum, whereas no significant effects were observed with trans-anethole (99.46%) from anise at all concentrations (0.125–1 µL/mL). Low doses of peppermint essential oil could be used as a sustainable alternative to synthetic agrochemicals to control L. multiflorum. The results corroborate that in vivo assays with a commercial emulsifiable concentrate need higher doses of the essential oils to reproduce previous in vitro trials. The higher in vivo phytotoxicity of winter savory essential oil constitutes an eco-friendly and less pernicious alternative to weed control. It is possible to achieve a greater in vivo phytotoxicity if less active essential oil like peppermint is included with other active excipients.

scholarly journals A Gemini Cationic Lipid with Histidine Residues as a Novel Lipid-Based Gene Nanocarrier: A Biophysical and Biochemical Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Martínez-Negro ◽  
Laura Blanco-Fernández ◽  
Paolo Tentori ◽  
Lourdes Pérez ◽  
Aurora Pinazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Cationic Lipid ◽  
Green Fluorescence Protein ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Biological Studies

This work reports the synthesis of a novel gemini cationic lipid that incorporates two histidine-type head groups (C3(C16His)2). Mixed with a helper lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl ethanol amine (DOPE), it was used to transfect three different types of plasmid DNA: one encoding the green fluorescence protein (pEGFP-C3), one encoding a luciferase (pCMV-Luc), and a therapeutic anti-tumoral agent encoding interleukin-12 (pCMV-IL12). Complementary biophysical experiments (zeta potential, gel electrophoresis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and fluorescence anisotropy) and biological studies (FACS, luminometry, and cytotoxicity) of these C3(C16His)2/DOPE-pDNA lipoplexes provided vast insight into their outcomes as gene carriers. They were found to efficiently compact and protect pDNA against DNase I degradation by forming nanoaggregates of 120–290 nm in size, which were further characterized as very fluidic lamellar structures based in a sandwich-type phase, with alternating layers of mixed lipids and an aqueous monolayer where the pDNA and counterions are located. The optimum formulations of these nanoaggregates were able to transfect the pDNAs into COS-7 and HeLa cells with high cell viability, comparable or superior to that of the standard Lipo2000*. The vast amount of information collected from the in vitro studies points to this histidine-based lipid nanocarrier as a potentially interesting candidate for future in vivo studies investigating specific gene therapies.

scholarly journals The Essential Oil of Artemisia argyi H.Lév. and Vaniot Attenuates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in THP-1 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengxiao Chen ◽  
Qi Bai ◽  
Yanting Wu ◽  
Qiongzhen Zeng ◽  
Xiaowei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Artemisia Argyi ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Long Time

Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot is a traditional medical herb that has been used for a long time in China and other Asian counties. Essential oil is the main active fraction of Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot, and its anti-inflammatory potential has been observed in vitro and in vivo. Here, we found that the essential oil of Artemisia argyi H. Lév. and Vaniot (EOAA) inhibited monosodium urate (MSU)- and nigericin-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. EOAA suppressed caspase-1 and IL-1β processing and pyroptosis. NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and translocation were also inhibited. In addition, EOAA suppressed nigericin-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation without blocking ASC oligomerization, suggesting that it may inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preventing caspase-1 processing. Our study thus indicates that EOAA inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and has therapeutic potential against NLRP3-driven diseases.

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