scholarly journals Analysis and features of operation of fractional grain cleaners and secondary seed cleaning separators

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
VI Orobinsky ◽  
A M Gievsky ◽  
I V Baskakov ◽  
V A Gulevsky ◽  
A V Chernyshov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Pneumatic System ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Cleaning Machine

Abstract To obtain high-quality grain and seeds, it is necessary to clean the combine heap of weeds. Modern air-screen grain cleaners equipped with a screen cleaning systems, flat screens and a double-aspiration pneumatic system with pre-screen and post-screen cleaning channels are used. The fractional principle of post-harvest grain processing is promising. To create a universal grain cleaning machine to isolate the main fraction from the grain heap at the first stage of post-harvest processing, Voronezh State Agar University named after Emperor Peter I carried out theoretical and experimental studies, which made it possible to develop OZF-50, OZF-80 and SVS-30 separators. The machines have higher productivity, the original sieve design with an increased share of sorting sieves and an exclusive aspiration system. A number of new technical solutions have been used in the design of the separators, protected by patents of the Russian Federation. Theoretical prerequisites established the possibility of increasing the productivity 1.6-1.8 times according to GOST R 52325-2005. The total air consumption of the pneumatic system of grain cleaning machines can be reduced by 25-40%. Further improvement of separators requires a deeper study of the grain fractionation process, aerodynamic characteristics of aspiration systems, receiving and distribution devices, and establishment of close mutually beneficial relations between scientific institutions and agricultural engineering enterprises. This can contribute to the development of both domestic agricultural science and grain cleaning equipment production.

scholarly journals Fundamentals and Prospects for the Technologies Development for Post-Harvest Grain Processing and Seed Preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
V. М. Drincha ◽  
Yu. S. Tsench
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Original Works ◽  
Cleaning Machine

The authors identifi ed the main factors that infl uenced signifi cantly the technological support of post-harvest processing processes over the past decades. They showed that in recent years, many farms faced the necessity to solve the problem of improving the seeds quality and reducing their losses in the process of post-harvest processing of grain in the shortest possible time.(Research purpose) To conduct a historical analysis of machine technologies for post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation and determine promising directions for their development.(Materials and methods) The authors used the historicalanalytical method applied to technical systems, in particular, to technologies of post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation. The research objects were the original works of domestic and foreign authors for more than a 100-year period and other regulatory and technical documentation.(Results and discussion) The authors presented the results of the machine technologies for postharvest grain processing and seed preparation evolution in the Russian Federation over the past 100 years. They considered the scientifi c, technological, technical and organizational issues of the machine technologies for grain processing and seed preparation development. It was determined that the scientifi c foundations for creating domestic separating machines were developed in the 30s of the last century. They noted that in 1934 the fi rst domestic mobile grain cleaning machine with a capacity of 10 tons per hour for cleaning grain and 6-8 tons per hour for cleaning seeds was created and put into production. The following key stages were identifi ed: in the 60s, an in-line technology of post-harvest grain processing was developed; by the end of the 70s, with the completion of work on the creation of units and complexes, all processes of post-harvest grain processing for the fi rst time in the country were fully mechanized.(Conclusions) The authors proved that labor productivity in the industry increased 7-10 times, the cost of grain processing decreased 2-3 times, its losses decreased, manual, unskilled labor was excluded. They identifi ed promising directions for the development of grain processing and seed preparation technologies.

scholarly journals Analysis of the operation of a flat sieve that vibrates in a horizontal plane

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Golovin ◽  
◽  
U.K. Sabiyev ◽  
P.V. Chupin ◽  
A.S. Soyunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
World Market ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Particle Penetration ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
The Russian Federation

In accordance with the provisions of the Food security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, it is required to increase the share of domestically produced grain in the world market at least to 95 per-cent. This is facilitated by the presence of 9 percent of the world's cultivated areas in the Russian Federation, where black soil is 40 percent. However, post-harvest processing of the entire grain heap brought from the fields is performed by production lines, where the completeness of separation is influenced by the contamination and moisture content of freshly harvested grain. An increase in humidity by 1% of the baseline reduces the productivity of grain cleaning equipment by 2%, and an increase in humidity by 1% reduces productivity by 3%. Therefore, the country's grain-flow farms need modern technologies for post-harvest grain processing. The main methods of increasing the productivity of machinery can be distinguished. They are: a uniform distribution of seeds over the sieve area, a better particle penetration into the sieve hole, an increase in the speed of grain movement on the surface of the sieves, a complication of the law of vibrations of sieve mills. Ac-cording to the performed studies the completeness of separation on the sieve surface depends on the indicators of the relative motion of the particle, as well as the angle of inclination of the holes to the direction of descent, the speed and movement of the grain when interacting with the long edge of the sieve hole, performing harmonic oscillations. The following recommendations can be made: the separation process improves at an angle of inclination of the sieve openings β = 45°, the frequency of sieve vibrations n = 110 min-1, the amplitude of sieve vibrations A = 0.09 m, the angle of the sieve transverse inclination αп = 1.5 ° ÷ 2.5 °. The cleaning of the grain mixture is carried out quali-tatively in accordance with the agrotechnical requirements in this operating mode.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of the grain material separation in the pneumatic system of the grain-cleaning machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildar Badretdinov ◽  
Salavat Mudarisov ◽  
Marat Tuktarov ◽  
Elizabeth Dick ◽  
Svetlana Arslanbekova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Pneumatic System ◽  
Cleaning Machine ◽  
Material Separation

scholarly journals Analysis and suggestions of greenhouse cleaning machine in China and abroad

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Tianhua Li ◽  
Dajun Chen ◽  
Guoying Shi ◽  
Min Wei ◽  
Yueshun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Cleaning Machine

The light transmittance of greenhouse surface directly affects the illumination of greenhouse, and will eventually affect the indoor ground temperature, temperature, humidity and Photosynthesis of crops, thus affecting the growth of crops. As a modern greenhouse maintenance and cleaning equipment, greenhouse cleaning machine plays an active role in improving the light transmittance of greenhouse and improving the production efficiency of farmers. This paper mainly expounds the structure, principle and method of different kinds of greenhouse cleaning machines in China and abroad, analyzes the current development situation and prospects of greenhouse cleaning equipment, and puts forward some suggestions.

scholarly journals Research of the hydraulic resistance of the granular filter of the sweeping mashnine

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01049
Author(s):  
Rashid Sharapov
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Granular Filter ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The article focuses on the need to improve the ecology in modern cities based on the development of new cleaning equipment. It is proposed to use a granular filter as a dust cleaning unit in sweeping machines. The advantages of granular filters over other types of filtering apparatus are given. The basic schemes of working equipment of sweepers are considered. To describe the processes during air purification in the proposed granular filter, mathematical expressions are proposed to determine the hydraulic resistance of the proposed filter. When developing analytical expressions, the structural and technological features of the proposed filter were taken into account. The results of calculating the hydraulic resistance of the proposed granular filter depending on its main structural and technological parameters are obtained. To confirm the obtained analytical expressions, experimental studies were carried out. The clinker of the Belgorod cement plant of a fraction of -10 + 5 mm was selected as the filtering material. During the experiment, cement was used as dust with a specific surface of various dispersion, determined by the parameter δ50. In addition, filtering speed and filtering time are accepted as variable parameters.

Technological processes in the technical service of machinery and equipment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Effective Use

Described in the textbook theoretical bases, organizational aspects of technical service of machinery and equipment, and the use of resource-saving technologies of recovery and strengthening. Methods are described for the deposition of coatings of various functional purposes, equipment and materials. Summarizes the results of theoretical and experimental studies of domestic and foreign researchers. Reviewed test methods and properties of the coatings, and given the scope of their effective use at the enterprises of technical service. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. Addressed to students of undergraduate and graduate students by specialty "Agroengineering" and technical workers agricultural, engineering, power, metallurgical and other industries.

Experimental Studies on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Pantograph System According to the Pantograph Cover Configurations for High Speed Train

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeongbin Lee ◽  
Minho Kwak ◽  
Kyu Hong Kim ◽  
Dong-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Drag And Lift

In this study, the aerodynamic characteristics of pantograph system according to the pantograph cover configurations for high speed train were investigated by wind tunnel test. Wind tunnel tests were conducted in the velocity range of 20∼70m/s with scaled experimental pantograph models. The experimental models were 1/4 scaled simplified pantograph system which consists of a double upper arm and a single lower arm with a square cylinder shaped panhead. The experimental model of the pantograph cover is also 1/4 scaled and were made as 4 different configurations. It is laid on the ground plate which modeled on the real roof shape of the Korean high speed train. Using a load cell, the aerodynamic force such as a lift and a drag which were acting on pantograph system were measured and the aerodynamic effects according to the various configurations of pantograph covers were investigated. In addition, the total pressure distributions of the wake regions behind the panhead of the pantograph system were measured to investigate the variations of flow pattern. From the experimental test results, we checked that the flow patterns and the aerodynamic characteristics around the pantograph systems are varied as the pantograph cover configurations. In addition, it is also found that pantograph cover induced to decrease the aerodynamic drag and lift forces. Finally, we proposed the aerodynamic improvement of pantograph cover and pantograph system for high speed train.

scholarly journals Influence of stubble biodestructor on soil microbiological activity and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 11035
Author(s):  
Antonina PANFILOVA
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Harvest Residues ◽  
Post Harvest

The aim of the work was to improve soil fertility and increase the yield of winter wheat using the stubble biodestructor by activating the microbiological activity of the soil. The experimental studies were on the research field of Mykolayiv National Agrarian University (Ukraine). After harvesting the precursor cultures of spring barley and peas the post-harvest residues of these crops were treated with a stubble biodestructor. After treatment of crop residues of spring barley and pea by the stubble biodestructor in the soil layer of 0 up to 20 cm the quantity of cellulose-destructive microorganisms increased by 27.9·105 up to 36.0·105 cfu/g of soil depending on the predecessor culture and the degree of degradation of these residues increased by 31.4 up to 45.1%. The number of nitrogen fixators in the 0-10 cm soil layer grew under the action of treatment of crop residues of spring barley and peas by stubble biodestructor on 13.4 up to 14.1 ·106 cfu/g of soilor 30.3 up to 35.0%. At the same time, a somewhat large number of bacteria in the soil was determined by the processing of post-harvest residues of peas, which was due to the biological characteristics of this legume culture. The average for years of researches at cultivating of winter wheat after spring barley using the stubble biodestructor the grain yield increased by 0.45 t ha–1, or 20.9%, and after pea it increased by 0.67 t ha–1 or 18.8% compared to the treatment variant of stubble just with water.

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