Development and application of energy decoupling index as Cartesian Vector: evidence from world-wide regional data

Abstract Economic growth and energy consumed is critical for sustainable global development. In this paper, an extended Vector version of the commonly used Decoupling Index De of energy elasticity to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Decoupling Ratio of Energy Intensity of GDP are used to investigate decoupling phenomenon for the period 1990 to 2014 in the main regions of the World. Using Vector properties, this study overcomes some well-known deficiencies of Energy to Growth elasticity Decoupling Index and suggests the Decoupling Angle as a suitable indicator when describing decoupling. The relationships with aggregate and per capita indicators are also examined. A general finding was that in emerging economies, even when moving to “disconnected” states of decoupling, reduced energy rates were paired with reduced growth rates and accelerated growth rates with increased energy consumption rates. This statement raises questions over long-term decoupling of energy consumption from economic growth.

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Energising Mexico: Historical Energy Consumption, Transitions and Economic Growth 1880-2015

10.31235/osf.io/28bdm ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Castañeda Garza

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Primary Energy ◽

Structure Population ◽

First Approximation ◽

Period 1880 ◽

Level Analysis ◽

Increase Energy Consumption

This paper employs archival data to reconstruct the historical pattern of primary energyconsumption in Mexico during the 1880-2015 period. The study highlights the characteristics ofthe energy transitions between different primary energy sources and offers the first account of bothtraditional and modern energy carriers. It performs a trend and level analysis to explain how theeconomic structure, population and economic growth have impacted energy intensity andproductivity. Thus, the paper provides a first approximation to the long-term relationship betweeneconomic growth and energy utilisation in Mexico. The period 1880- 1920 saw both growths inpopulation and income increase energy consumption, the period 1921-1960 is mostly driven byincome growth, 1961-2000, both growths in population and income drive consumption, andfinally, between 2001 and 2015, population growth is the dominant force.

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Threshold Effect of Economic Growth on Energy Intensity—Evidence from 21 Developed Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14144199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 4199

Author(s):

Jinjin Zhou ◽

Zenglin Ma ◽

Taoyuan Wei ◽

Chang Li

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Urban Population ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption ◽

Tertiary Industry ◽

D Investment ◽

Threshold Point

Based on threshold regression models, this paper analyzes the effect of economic growth on energy intensity by using panel data from 21 developed countries from 1996 to 2015. Results show that a 1% increase in GDP per capita can lead to a 0.62–0.78% reduction in energy intensity, implying economic growth can significantly reduce energy intensity. The extent of the reduction in energy intensity varies depending on the economic development stages represented by key influencing factors including energy mix in consumption, urbanization, industrial structure, and technological progress. Specifically, the reduction in energy intensity due to economic growth can be enhanced with relatively more renewable energy consumption and more urban population until a threshold point, where the enhancement disappears. On the other hand, the extent of the energy intensity reduction due to economic growth can be weakened with relatively more tertiary industry activities and more research and development (R&D) investment in an economy until a threshold point, where the weakening cannot continue. However, compared to the early stages represented by the low ends of renewable energy consumption, urban population, tertiary industry activities, and R&D investment, the later stages represented by the high ends of these key factors after a threshold show the weakened effect of economic growth on the decline of energy intensity. Hence, when an economy is well-developed, policy makers are advised to put fewer expectations on the role of economic growth to reduce energy intensity, while pursuing relatively cleaner energy, greater urbanization, more tertiary industry activities, and advanced technologies.

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Study on Dynamic Relationship between Economic Growth and Energy Consumption in Chongqing - Based on 1980-2011 Data

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4319 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 448-453 ◽

pp. 4319-4324

Author(s):

Sheng Wang ◽

Chun Yan Dai ◽

En Chuang Wang ◽

Chun Yan Li

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Economic Development ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Impulse Response Function ◽

Improve Energy Efficiency ◽

Dynamic Relationship ◽

Equilibrium Relationship

Analyzed the dynamic interaction characteristics of Chongqing Economic growth and energy consumption between 1980-2011 based on vector auto regression model, impulse response function. The results showed that: 1 Between the Chongqing's economic growth and energy consumption exist the positive long-term stable equilibrium relationship, Chongqing's economic development depending on energy consumption is too high, to keep the economy in Chongqing's rapid economic development, energy relatively insufficient supply sustainable development must rely on the energy market, which will restrict the development of Chongqing's economy. 2At this stage, Chongqing continuing emphasis on optimizing the industrial structure to improve energy efficiency at the same time, the key is to establish and improve the energy consumption intensity and total energy demand "dual control" under the security system, weakening the energy bottleneck effect on economic growth.

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ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSALITY OF CO2 EMISSIONS, CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL FUELS, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA IN 1990-2019

AFEBI Economic and Finance Review ◽

10.47312/aefr.v4i02.265 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Melati Intan Kurnia ◽

Hadi Sasana ◽

Yustirania Septiani

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Fossil Fuel Consumption

Increasing economic growth will spark against increased energy consumption. But on the other hand, increasing economic growth will also trigger the occurrence of natural damage and degradation of environmental quality derived from CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions are caused by oxidation process of fossil fuel energy. This research aims to know the causality relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, and economic growth in Indonesia, as well as long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, to economic growth in Indonesia in 1990 – 2019. The used data is the secondary data that is in the form of data time series. The dependent variables of this study are economic growth, while independent variables are CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption. The method that is used in this study is Vector Error Correction Model. The results showed that there was a one-way causality between economic growth and fossil fuel consumption, and between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions. The research also shows that on long-term CO2 emissions has a negative influence, while the consumption of fossil fuels and electricity has a positive effect on Indonesia's economic growth in 1990-2019.Keywords: CO2, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth.

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Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Turkey: The Role of Clean Energy Consumption and Ecological Footprint

10.21203/rs.3.rs-124967/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Suleyman Yurtkuran

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Capita Income ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽

Ecological Footprint ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Kuznets Curve ◽

Per Capita ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Abstract This study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between income, clean energy consumption, exports, imports, urbanization and ecological footprint for Turkey from 1973 to 2015 using the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. The long-term coefficients derived from the ARDL approach demonstrate that import increase the ecological footprint, whereas urbanization and clean energy consumption do not have an impact on environmental pollution in the long-term. In addition, the 2001 dummy variable is negative and statistically significant. The crisis in 2001 slowed down the economic growth rate. This situation also caused reduction of environmental pollution. Moreover, the long run estimates indicate that the EKC hypothesis is valid in Turkey. However, the turning point of per capita income was calculated as $16,045 that outside of the analyzed period. As economic activities increase, human pressure on nature continues to increase. Consequently, the only factor that reduces the ecological footprint has been determined as exports. In contrast, economic growth and clean energy consumption cannot be used as a tool to reduce the ecological footprint. Turkey needs a higher level of per capita income than the threshold level to improve environmental quality.

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The Role of Religion and National Culture in Economic Growth of Emerging Markets

Economic Behavior, Game Theory, and Technology in Emerging Markets - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4745-9.ch014 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 250-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Harish C. Chandan

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Cultural Values ◽

National Culture ◽

Emerging Economies ◽

Growth Rates ◽

High Growth ◽

Political Stability ◽

Domestic Investment ◽

Domestic Credit ◽

The Protestant Work Ethic

Religion can influence economic growth and economic growth can influence religiosity (Barro & Mitchell, 2004; Barro & McCleary, 2003; McCleary, 2007). Earlier, Weber (1904, 1930, 1958) had suggested that the protestant work ethic gave rise to capitalism and that other major world religions including Catholicism, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism were not conducive to capitalism. However, the data on predicted growth rates and the current majority religion for the 24 emerging economies (Yeyati & Williams, 2012; IMF WEO, 2010) suggest these emerging economies with high growth rates include a variety of geo-political regions representing many different religions, national cultures, and even “no-religion” affiliation. For the same majority religion, the economic growth rates and Hofstede’s (1980) national culture dimensions vary among nations. Thus, religion alone is not sufficient to explain the higher economic growth of the emerging economies. The economic growth is influenced by additional social, political, and macroeconomic variables including human capital, infrastructure, technological progress, political stability, capital formation, domestic credit to private sector, foreign domestic investment, inflation rate, exchange rate, and international trade. In a secular sense, the religious beliefs and cultural values related to work and social ethic are conducive to economic growth through entrepreneurship and organizational effectiveness.

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Long-term historical trends in air pollutant emissions in Asia: Regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 3.1

10.5194/acp-2019-1122 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Junichi Kurokawa ◽

Toshimasa Ohara

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Emission Inventory ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollutant Emissions ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Gridded Data ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

The Republic

Abstract. A long-term historical emission inventory of air and climate pollutants in East, Southeast, and South Asia from 1950–2015 was developed as the Regional Emission inventory in ASia version 3.1 (REASv3.1). REASv3.1 provides details of emissions from major anthropogenic sources for each country and its sub-regions and also provides monthly gridded data with 0.25° × 0.25° resolution. The average total emissions in Asia during 1950–1955 and from 2010–2015 (growth rates in these 60 years) are as follows: SO2: 3.15 Tg, 42.4 Tg (13.5); NOx: 1.83 Tg, 47.6 Tg (26.0); CO: 62.2 Tg, 319 Tg (5.13); non-methane volatile organic compounds: 9.14 Tg, 61.8 Tg (6.77); NH3: 7.99 Tg, 31.3 Tg (3.92); CO2: 1.12 Pg, 18.3 Pg (16.3); PM10: 5.76 Tg, 28.4 Tg (4.92); PM2.5: 4.52 Tg, 20.3 Tg (4.50); black carbon: 0.751 Tg, 3.38 Tg (4.51); and organic carbon: 2.62 Tg, 6.92 Tg (2.64). Clearly, all the air pollutant emissions in Asia increased significantly during these six decades, but situations were different among countries and regions. Due to China's rapid economic growth in recent years, its relative contribution to emissions in Asia has been the largest. However, most pollutant species reached their peaks by 2015 and the growth rates of other species was found to be reduced or almost zero. On the other hand, air pollutant emissions from India showed an almost continuous increasing trend. As a result, the relative ratio of emissions of India to that of Asia have increased recently. The trend observed in Japan was different from the rest of Asia. In Japan, emissions increased rapidly during 1950s–1970s, which reflected the economic situation of the period; however, most emissions decreased from their peak values, which were approximately 40 years ago, due to the introduction of regulations and laws for air pollution. Similar features were found in the Republic of Korea and Taiwan. In the case of other Asian countries, air pollutant emissions generally showed an increase along with economic growth and motorization. Trends and spatial distribution of air pollutants in Asia are becoming complicated. Datasets of REASv3.1, including table of emissions by countries and sub-regions for major sectors and fuel types, and monthly gridded data with 0.25° × 0.25° resolution for major source categories are available through the following URL: http://www.nies.go.jp/REAS/.

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The Implementation of Climate Change Policy in Post-Soviet Countries Achieving Long-Term Targets

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114558 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4558

Author(s):

Yuliia Matiiuk ◽

Mykolas Simas Poškus ◽

Genovaitė Liobikienė

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Climate Change Policy ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption ◽

Change Policy ◽

The Eu

Contribution to climate change mitigation is required for all world countries. Post-Soviet countries’ climate change policy strategies by 2030 (2035) were adopted relatively recently. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the achievements of climate change policy, encompassing carbon emissions, energy intensity, and renewable energy consumption, in separate Post-Soviet countries and to reveal the possibilities of reaching their long-term 2030–2035 targets. The results showed huge differences in carbon emissions, energy intensity, and the share of renewable energy consumption among Post-Soviet countries. Analyzing the trends of climate change policy implementation in almost all Post-Soviet countries (except Ukraine and Uzbekistan), carbon pollution increased during the analyzed period (2002–2014). The highest growth of emissions was observed in Georgia and Tajikistan. Furthermore, the economic development level was positively and significantly related to the level of carbon emissions. During the 2002–2014 period, energy intensity decreased in all Post-Soviet countries, particularly in those where the level was lower. The share of renewable energy consumption increased the most in countries that are members of the EU (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) and Moldova, which declared its willingness to join the EU. However, the energy intensity and the share of renewable energy consumption were insignificantly related to the level of economic development. Analyzing the possibility of achieving the Post-Soviet countries’ climate change policy targets, the results showed that only some of them will succeed. Therefore, Post-Soviet countries should implement more efficient climate change policies and effective tools in order to achieve their targets.

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Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Comparative Empirical Study of Selected Developed and Developing Countries. “The Role of Exergy”

Energies ◽

10.3390/en11102668 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2668 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Raúl Arango-Miranda ◽

Robert Hausler ◽

Rabindranarth Romero-Lopez ◽

Mathias Glaus ◽

Sara Ibarra-Zavaleta

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Empirical Study ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Energy Intensity ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Control Variable ◽

Future Research

Diverse factors may have an impact in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; thus, three main contributors, energy consumption, gross domestic product (GDP) and an exergy indicator are examined in this work. This study explores the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption by means of the hypothesis postulated for the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Panel data for ten countries, from 1971 to 2014 have been studied. Despite a wide gamma of research on the EKC, the role of an exergy variable has not been tested to find the EKC; for this reason, exergy analysis is proposed. Exergy analyses were performed to propose an exergetic indicator as a control variable and a comparative empirical study is developed to study a multivariable framework with the aim to detect correlations between them. High correlation between CO2, GDP, energy consumption, energy intensity and trade openness are observed, on the other hand not statistically significant values for trade openness and energy intensity. The results do not support the EKC hypothesis, however exergy intensity opens the door for future research once it proves to be a useful control variable. Exergy provides opportunities to analyze and implement energy and environmental policies in these countries, with the possibility to link exergy efficiencies and the use of renewables.

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Energy Resources and Their Consumption

10.4018/978-1-7998-8561-0.ch013 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 267-276

Author(s):

Harpreet Kaur Channi

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Primary Source ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Total Capital ◽

Growth Economic

Power is a significant cause of economic growth and crucial to the sustainability of the economy. Energy consumption is an indicator of a nation's economic growth. Economic growth is focused, among other aspects, on the long-term acquisition of affordable, existing resources, and their use does not pollute the environment. Industrialization serves economic growth and consumes energy. In 2018, 68% of total capital power was consumed by largest energy-intensive areas. When fossil fuel is the primary source of energy, energy consumption is positively correlated with ecosystem cleanliness. Fossil fuels account for more than 70% of the decent energy expectations of India and other economies. In this chapter, problems related to non-renewable energy sources are discussed, and emphasis is given to use more renewable sources.

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