scholarly journals A study of walkability in Surabaya urban park utilizing the space syntax

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
F Wahyono ◽  
B Soemardiono ◽  
T Noerwarsito
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Spatial Exploration ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Human Line

Abstract The urban parks are open spaces that accommodate people to do various activities. One of the most popular activities is walking. Human experience essentially leads pedestrians to have specific spatial dimensions and configurations in a park. Space syntax exists as a tool to explore the characteristics of the spatial configuration and the influence of the visitors on their activities through their perceptions. Space syntax has been widely applied in urban and human movement studies, despite rarely applied within the scope of urban parks. This study aims to address the debate and offers a new technique in applying the space syntax method. This research employed quantitative methods in interpreting the concept of Walkability and evaluated the design of urban parks by spatial exploration. The result determined the scope of research within the park, the configurational relationships between spaces as well as the visual connection and continuity of the human line of sight. This principle was developed and illustrated based on the three urban parks in Surabaya.

The social role of open spaces in informal settlements in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseel Alja'afreh ◽  
Raed Al Tal ◽  
Anwar Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Physical Elements

PurposeThe study hypothesized that the absence of the governing authority during the growth and expansion of informal settlements caused a highly randomized dense social fabric that shaped their characteristics.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs urban tactics and social theories to understand dynamic relationships in social consolidation in informal settlements in Jordan. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, deploying qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the concepts, terms, perspectives, means and functions of open spaces in informal settlements.FindingsThe results identified that the land ownership of open spaces, gender and age have a significant impact on the relationships and social interaction of people. The results suggested that despite the informal morphology of studied areas being random, unplanned and chaotic, there is often an underlying logic to meet occupants’ needs.Research limitations/implicationsThis research explores informal spatiality to help understand the mechanisms of how marginal communities create and interact with each other in public spaces. This study is limited to the investigation of socio-cultural practices in public spaces, without an in-depth consideration of the roles of physical elements and features in the spatial configuration of these spaces.Originality/valueThe importance of the research is that the exploration of informal spatiality of this neighborhood morphology will enable to understand the mechanism of how marginal communities create and interact among each other and their public spaces in different cities.

scholarly journals PLANNING OF PRIVATE GATED DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF GATED VS NON-GATED NEIGHBOURHOODS, CITY OF GURUGRAM, INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Gated Community ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The City

The cities are expanding rapidly all over the world. India has also experienced this phenomenon and has continued the pace of growth. The recent trends in spatial growth of the cities are a new phenomenon in Indian urban landscape. The cities in India are witnessing development with the help of private developers for the last couple of decades. Being private properties these are by nature of exercising control have gates and boundaries. In scholarly literature these are called as Gated Community/Gated Development. Authors have argued them from various perspectives of anthropology, law, management and sociology etc. but very little has been discussed about their planning and morphology. Although, the rise of Gated Development is majorly attributed to the sense of fear and need for security, yet architects and urban designers, and even sociologist stress upon other methods to make the neighbourhoods secured. Hence the security aspects are not made part of the research here. The aspects of how these gated development impacts the perception of neighbourhood by residents is not touched upon. The paper discusses the distinction between the gated and non-gated neighbourhoods and also how residents perceive their neighbourhoods at large. For explaining this phenomenon, three neighbourhoods in the city of Gurugram in Haryana state in India have been identified as case study. These are identified on the basis of different morphological images that are identified. Space syntax and space cognition through sketch mapping is used for the analysis of the three neighbourhoods. The paper suggest that the continuity and connectivity of any spatial configuration is of utmost importance to make neighbourhood environment worthy of living life more socially connected.

Space Syntax Approach for Articulating Space and Social Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelbaseer A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Urban Models ◽  
Spatial Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter sets out to provide a detailed description of the relationship between space and society. It begins by discussing how people co-live in spaces and how such spaces co-live as communities. Understanding the relationship between space and society requires shedding light on how (1) communities emerge and work and (2) people build their social network. The chapter's main premise is that spatial configuration is the container of activities and the way we construct our cities influences our social life. Therefore, the urban environment should be analyzed mathematically using urban models in order to evaluate and predict future urban policies. The chapter reviews a space-people paradigm, Space Syntax. It defines, elaborates, and interprets its main concepts and tools, showing how urban space is modelled and described in terms of various spatial measures including connectivity, integration, depth, choice, and isovist properties.

scholarly journals An Algorithmic Definition of the Axial Map

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair Turner ◽  
Alan Penn ◽  
Bill Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Formal Language ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Language Definition ◽  
Efficient Representation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Analytical Power ◽  
Concise Description

The fewest-line axial map, often simply referred to as the ‘axial map’, is one of the primary tools of space syntax. Its natural language definition has allowed researchers to draw consistent maps that present a concise description of architectural space; it has been established that graph measures obtained from the map are useful for the analysis of pedestrian movement patterns and activities related to such movement: for example, the location of services or of crime. However, the definition has proved difficult to translate into formal language by mathematicians and algorithmic implementers alike. This has meant that space syntax has been criticised for a lack of rigour in the definition of one of its fundamental representations. Here we clarify the original definition of the fewest-line axial map and show that it can be implemented algorithmically. We show that the original definition leads to maps similar to those currently drawn by hand, and we demonstrate that the differences between the two may be accounted for in terms of the detail of the algorithm used. We propose that the analytical power of the axial map in empirical studies derives from the efficient representation of key properties of the spatial configuration that it captures.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION ON THE SPATIAL CONFIGURATION OF TRADITIONAL IRANIAN HOUSING (CASE STUDY: COMPARISON OF DEZFUL AND BOROUJERD TRADITIONAL HOUSING)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Pedram Hessari ◽  
Farhad Chegeni
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Behavioral Systems ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Visual Privacy ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The cities of Dezful and Boroujerd can be considered a treasure trove of traditional houses in Iran whose social, functional, and cultural roots are reflected in their architectural body. Traditional housing includes and expresses the lifestyles and behavioral systems of its inhabitants. Therefore, by analyzing the spatial structure in different traditional dwellings, we can understand the structural differences in them. The main purpose of this study is to identify and express the structure and spatial differences in traditional housing in Dezful and Boroujerd, which have many differences in terms of environmental structure. This study seeks to answer the question: What are the differences between structural patterns and spatial configuration in traditional housing in Dezful and Boroujerd? The method of this research is generally qualitative and software that includes analytical-descriptive approaches and logical reasoning. First, using observation, field survey, and library studies, the desired maps are obtained and the research parameters such as spatial integrity, visual privacy and control, and access are determined. In the next step, the maps of selected research houses are analyzed and analyzed in Space Syntax software, which is specialized software for space syntax, and the patterns of spatial configuration in traditional houses of Dezful and Boroujerd are expressed. The results show that the permeability and readability of more spaces due to the depth of each space and better spatial perception by individuals in traditional houses in Dezful is more than traditional houses in Boroujerd. In contrast, in traditional houses in Boroujerd, spatial stratification and spatial hierarchy, the creation of public and private layers due to the shape and type of housing, and also environmental security in the residential complex is more than the examples of traditional housing in Dezful.

scholarly journals Noise and Spatial Configuration in Biskra, Algeria—A Space Syntax Approach to Understand the Built Environment for Visually Impaired People

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11009
Author(s):  
Walid-Mahfoud Djenaihi ◽  
Noureddine Zemmouri ◽  
Moussadek Djenane ◽  
Akkelies van Nes
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Different Types

This contribution investigates the correlation between street noise levels and the spatial configuration of the street network in four different types of neighbourhoods in the Algerian city of Biskra. Space syntax methods are used to analyse spatial relationships, where accessibility, intelligibility, and legibility of urban spaces can be evaluated. The degree of spatial integration is used as an accessibility indicator and is correlated with recorded noise level data at 154 points from the selected neighbourhoods. As the results show, there are strong correlations between spatial integration and recorded sound pressures on streets and roads in colonial and unplanned neighbourhoods. The reason is that these types of neighbourhoods have a street network with high correlations between street connectivity and global spatial integration. There are weak correlations between connectivity and global spatial integration throughout the modern planned neighbourhood, which again affects the correlation between noise and space. The experiment shows that space syntax methods have the potential to predict degrees of accessibility and orientability for people with visual impairments in urban planning.

scholarly journals Using Space Syntax For Estimation Of Potential Disaster Indirect Economic Losses

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi Penchev
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Indirect Economic Losses

The paper is aimed at estimation of indirect economic losses resulting from natural disasters. Generally, these losses are defined as interruptions in economic activities and are not related to the damaged enterprises. Even limited physical damage to property and infrastructure caused by natural disaster can produce chain reaction of losses in supply chain within a certain region. The Space Syntax Methodology is developed and used for accessing the characteristics of buildings, cities or the surrounding space in general. Although the methodology was primarily developed as urban planning method, it was also applied in the field of social and economic networks. Various studies of poverty, crime, disaster management and real estate prices are based on this methodology. The economic activities within a specific area are in a state of equilibrium before a disastrous event occurs. The disaster will change the spatial configuration (streets, buildings and infrastructure) causing negative effect on the economic networks and business opportunities. The main assumption of the research is that potential indirect losses could be estimated by comparing the Space Syntax characteristics before and after a disastrous event by measuring the deterioration of links between economic enterprises. The methodology is applied in a practical study of urban area. OpenStreetMap data is used as road-centred map of the city of York. The Historical Flood Map of the UK Environment Agency is used to setup disaster event impact. The Angular Segment Analysis implemented in DepthmapX software is used as the main method for analysis. The study of applicable network measures shows that Normalised Angular Choice can be used as criteria for selecting alternatives for minimizing indirect costs caused by road network damages. At the same time, this methodology cannot be used for monetizing indirect costs or identifying losses in different economic sectors. The study approach does not contradict the main theoretical approaches and it gives new opportunities for research on disasters recovery.

scholarly journals Syntactic Analyssis of Spatial Configuration in Indo-Portuguese Houses in Goa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3037-3045
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cultural Composition

The culture of a place can be understood by analysing its architecture and vice versa. Each place has a unique culture and hence a unique architectural style. Vernacular architecture is a perfect example for displaying the culture of that place, as it is built based on the culture of that place. However, the culture of a place can be changed or altered when it comes in contact with another culture. The degree and dominance of one culture over another, purely depend on the sextent to which both the cultures have acculturated. Hence, vernacular architecture which is a reflection of culture also has a natural tendency to change and to accommodate changes and is flexible, adaptable and hence sustainable. There are many factors that lead to a cross-cultural composition like trade links, colonisation, and westernisation etc. among which colonisation plays a major role in the creation ofa new culture in the coastal stretch of India. Goa is one such perfect example where crosscultural miscegenation is seen due to Portuguese colonisation. This paper aims in understanding and evaluating the crosscultural amalgamation which is reflected in Indo-Portuguese houses through a study and analysis of four case examples in Goa using space syntax.

scholarly journals Does the Presence of Birdsongs Improve Perceived Levels of Mental Restoration from Park Use? Experiments on Parkways of Harbin Sun Island in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhu ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Tianji Ge
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Path Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Mental Health Benefits ◽  
Bird Habitat ◽  
Tree Coverage ◽  
The City

Green spaces in cities and urban parks serve as central areas for mental restoration and relieving pressure, and attention to soundscapes for their mental health benefits has become more prevalent. Birdsongs are perceived to enhance the restorative benefits of urban parks. This study examines Harbin Sun Island Park, the main bird habitat in the city of Harbin with numerous types of landscapes. We used space syntax to select the appropriate path space as a carrier and the pixel grid method to quantify path space shapes. A correlation analysis of field data was also used to explore the perceived restorative effects of birdsongs heard in urban parks using scales detailing the perceived restorative effects of various visual and auditory stimuli. The results show that soundscapes can significantly improve perceived recovery benefits, and that hearing birdsongs can significantly improve the perceived restorative benefits of wetland paths; the sky index of a tour path showed a significantly negative correlation with each feature (i.e., the four featured dimensions of “charm”, “escape”, “ductility” and “compatibility” included in the recovery scale), and the soft/hard ratio showed a significantly negative correlation with each studied feature. When the sky index ranged from 13–36%, tree coverage of the vertical coverage range was 30.28–38.6%, and when the soft/hard ratio ranged from 5–21, the perceived recovery benefit was strongest.

EDITING VIRTUAL HUMAN MOTION TECHNIQUES WITH DYNAMIC MOTION SIMULATOR AND CONTROLLER

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismahafezi Ismail ◽  
Mohd Sharizal Sunar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Virtual Human ◽  
Dynamic Motion ◽  
Motion Simulator ◽  
Long Time ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Proportional Derivative Controller

Modifying realistic virtual human movement has become a challenging task to the researcher for computer games and animation development. To achieve realistic virtual human, the character movement must have same motion like real human. Virtual human movement can be created by blending different sources such as motion capture, dynamic and kinematics simulation. Editing dynamic movement requires a great skill from animator and takes a long time to setup. This paper presents a new technique for editing virtual human motion state using dynamic motion control in the real time animation. The system approach based on active dynamic control by normalizes the trajectory of vector space position. This technique explores the perfect balance in dynamic motion controls for virtual human motion initial and final states. For that purpose, an enhancement of proportional-derivative controller will be used. This paper focuses on three main parts; virtual human hierarchy, motion editing techniques and motion dynamic control.  

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