Community structure of sea cucumber on Harapan Island and East Penjaliran Island, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Indonesia

Abstract Sea cucumbers are marine animals of the Holothuroidea Class that have ecological, health, and socioeconomic benefits. This study aims to determine the structure of the sea cucumber community on Harapan Island and East Penjaliran Island, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Kepulauan Seribu Regency. Data collection was conducted in January 2020, where each island was divided into two stations, and each station was divided into three substations for data retrieval. The method is a quadratic transect method using a plot measuring 1x1 m. In each square plot, observations were made regarding the type and number of sea cucumbers found and water quality parameters, including salinity, temperature, pH, DO, and total organic matter. Observation parameters include diversity index, uniformity index, frequency, density, important value index, dominance, and sea cucumber distribution index. During the study, species found on Harapan Island include H. atra, H. scabra, H. leucospilota, Bohadschia marmorata, and Stichopus herrmanni. Meanwhile, species found on East Penjaliran Island include H. atra, H. leucospilota, H. coluber, H. pardalis, H. fuscocinerea, H. hilla, Bohadschia marmorata, Stichopus ocellatus, and Stichopus monotuberculatus. The most abundant and predominant species on both islands is Holothuria atra. The average diversity index on Harapan Island falls into the low category, while East Penjaliran Island is classified as medium. The dominance index of both islands is low and has a uniform distribution. Environmental conditions and sea cucumber exploitation affect the structure of sea cucumber communities on both islands.

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The Diversity of Holothurioidea in the Intertidal Zone of the Pancur Shore of the Alas Purwo National Park

Jurnal ILMU DASAR ◽

10.19184/jid.v16i1.1390 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Riya Wulan Afrely ◽

Moh. Imron Rosyidi ◽

Susantin Fajariyah

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Intertidal Zone ◽

National Park ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Wave Motion ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Species Diversity Index ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Benthic Animals

Holothurioidea well known as Sea Cucumber is one of the classes from the Echinodermata phylum. Sea cucumbers are benthic animals that move slowly. Currently they already identified about 1135 species. Their existence usually associated with abiotic factors such as water salinity, temperature, pH, wave motion, light intensity and the substrate. The ability of the Holothurioidea to adapt to the abiotic factors will affect species diversity. The research aims is to determine the species diversity in the intertidal zone at Pancur Shore of the Alas Purwo National Park. It includes the species composition, species diversity index and the index of equality The study was conducted on 14th-21st of June 2014, by using systematic plotting transect method. The results found: one order, one family, two generas and eight species. The Species diversity index of Holothurioidea at Pancur Shore is low (0.930) and the equality index classified uneven (0.447).Keywords: Holothurioidea, intertidal, diversity, evennes

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Effect of thermal stimulation on gonad maturation in sea cucumber Phyllophorus sp. (Grube, 1840)

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v23i0.37466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 39-46

Author(s):

S Andriyono ◽

N Masruroh ◽

ED Masithah ◽

J Triastuti ◽

D Winarni

Keyword(s):

Sea Cucumber ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Temperature Treatment ◽

Thermal Stimulation ◽

Gonad Maturation ◽

Marine Animals ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Fishery Products ◽

C 32 ◽

The Ideal

Sea cucumbers, marine animals from the class Holothuroidea, have been widely known as fishery products for consumption in Indonesia. The Madura Strait is productive waters for sea cucumbers in eastern Indonesia, including sea cucumber species Phyllophorus sp. The exploitation of it mainly for consumption even though there are pharmaceutical beneficial of sea cucumber already known. The study of temperature effect is ideal inducement method for sea cucumber, but less research about this stimulation for Phyllophorus sp. for domestication purposes. The research showed that thermal stimulation treatment at the temperature of 30°C, 32°C and 34°C were in contrast to the that of control histological analysis proof that some of Phyllophorus sp. showed altered levels of gonadal maturation toward growth and advanced growth phase after thermal stimulation, respectively. The ideal stimulation treatment for gonad maturation was shown with stimulated temperature treatment of 32°C.J. bio-sci. 23: 39-46, 2015

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Isolation of sea cucumbers’s (Holothuria atra) secondary metabolite using column-chromatography technique

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 869 (1) ◽

pp. 012010

Author(s):

S Agustina ◽

S Bella ◽

S Karina ◽

I Irwan ◽

M Ulfah

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Column Chromatography ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Marine Chemistry ◽

Holothuria Atra ◽

Metabolite Content

Abstract Identification of sea cucumbers from Benteng Inong Balee, Aceh Besar and their phytochemistry screening were conducted in December 2020 to January 2021 at Laboratory of Marine Chemistry and Fisheries Biotechnology, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of sea cucumbers and its secondary metabolite content using phytochemistry screening and column chromatography. The species of sea cucumbers that were identified was Holothuria atra. The extraction method used in sea cucumber extraction was maceration method, while the separation of secondary metabolites used column-chromatography with eluent of n-hexane : ethyl acetate (8:4). The results showed that secondary metabolites obtained from phytochemical tests were flavonoids, saponins and triterpenoids.

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Sea cucumber community in the coastal area of the Bahoi Village,West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District

JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX ◽

10.35800/jip.8.1.2020.27601 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Andia Tri Fritama Lumbu ◽

Lawrence J. L. Lumingas ◽

Gaspar D. Manu

Keyword(s):

Sea Cucumber ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Line Transect ◽

Dominance Index ◽

Holothuria Scabra ◽

Research Site ◽

Holothuria Atra

This research is conducted in the coastal waters of Bahoi Village, West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District with the aims to know the types of sea-related environmental factors in the research site and know the community structure of the sea cucumber including the density, Index of diversity, dominance index, and distribution patterns. Data collection was done by using the line transect method, and sampling technique by using quadrat. The results of the study found 5 species of sea cucumber i.e. Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites, and Bohadschia vitiensis. The individual density of all species is 0.12 ind/m2, and the diversity index (H ') 0.950. The value of the similarity index/compatibility obtained is e = 0.918. The result of the calculated dominance index of sea cucumber species is 1.0 and the pattern of spreading species of sea cucumber in the research site shows a random spread pattern because the value of dispersion index (I) approaches 1 (one). Keywords: community; Sea cucumber; Bahoi; Dominance; Diversity.AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pantai desa Bahoi, Kecamatan Likupang Barat, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis teripang yang ada di lokasi penelitian dan mengetahui struktur komunitas teripang yang meliputi kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks dominasi, dan pola penyebaran. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode line transek, dan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan kuadrat. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 5 spesies teripang yaitu Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites dan Bohadschia vitiensis. Kepadatan individu dari seluruh spesies yaitu 0,12 ind/m2, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 0,950. Nilai indeks kemerataan/keserasian diperoleh nilai indeks e = 0,918. nilai indeks dominasi spesies teripang diperoleh 1,0 dan pola penyebaran spesies teripang dilokasi penelitian menunjukkan pola sebaran acak (random) dikarenakan nilai indeks dispersi (I) mendekati 1 (satu).Kata Kunci : Komunitas; Teripang; Perairan Bahoi; Dominasi; Keanekaragaman

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Reproductive activity and morphometric assessment of three commercial species of sea cucumber (Echinodermata) from Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220829 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Mustagfirin MUSTAGFIRIN ◽

Diah Permata Wijayanti ◽

Subagiyo SUBAGIYO

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Large Scale ◽

Reproductive Activity ◽

Market Demand ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Gonad Somatic Index ◽

Commercial Species ◽

Morphometric Assessment ◽

Somatic Index

Abstract. Mustagfirin, Wijayanti DP, Subagiyo. 2021. Reproductive activity and morphometric assessment of three commercial species of sea cucumber (Echinodermata) from Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3333-3341. Sea cucumbers are benthic animals that have economic value and play an important role in the environment. Exploitation on large scale to fulfill high market demand, caused overexploitation. The number of sea cucumbers in Karimunjawa decreased as a result of limited management. There is no study conducted on the commercial sea cucumbers (Holothuria edulis, Pearsonothuria graeffei, and Bohadschia vitensis) in Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa. The objectives of the research were to determine the morphometric assessment and the reproductive cycle of the three species. The morphometric assessment of weight showed that the weight of H. edulis ranges 247.3-2539g, P. graeffei 415.3-428.1g, and B. vitiensis 672.4-678.1g, respectively. The first maturity size of gutted body weight (GWB50) for H. edulis was 127.84g, P. graeffei 357.61g, and B. vitiensis 279.34g. The gonad somatic index (GSI) range 13.60-15.60% for H. edulis, 14.75-12.25% for P. graeffei and 10.83-14.57% for B. vitiensis. The result of gonad somatic index with a value above 10% means that it has entered the spawning phase. The above data indicated that the three commercial species spawned monthly, during new moon. It is likely that the spawning peak occurred when the temperature was increased. However, the pattern of reproductive activity in this study was limited at Nyamuk Island. Future studies are needed to observe whether there is a correlation between the increasing water temperature and the reproductive activity of the three sea cucumbers.

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ECHINODERMATA, Holothuria atra, IN AN INTERTIDAL SEAGRASS BED OFF THE BAMA BEACH, BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v6i1.8625 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Setyastuti

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Seagrass Bed ◽

Enhalus Acoroides ◽

Association Preference ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Belt Transect ◽

Cymodocea Rotundata ◽

Intertidal Seagrass ◽

Holothuria Atra

The occurrence of sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, was assessed in the seagrass area of the Bama beach, Baluran National Park in East Java. The study investigated the frequency and early stages of seagrass association preference of H. atra. Survey was conducted in May 2011 using belt transect (1m x 100m with three replicates). Frequency of H. atra and their association with seagrass were recorded. Furthermore, length and wet weight of each individual of H. atra were measured. The total of 146 individuals of H. atra were observed in which 37.67% associated with Enhalus acoroides (EA), 23.29% associated with Cymodocea rotundata (CR), 23,29% associated with mixed seagrass species of E. acoroides and C. rotundata, and 15.75% associated with no seagrass habitats. The results suggested that small size H. atra might prefer to live under the taller seagrass stands such E. acoroides, which could be morphologically benefits the H. atra by providing better protection and shelter area. Keywords: Holothuria atra, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Baluran National Park

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Comparative study of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of saponin extracted from six Egyptian sea-cucumber species, licorice, and ginseng

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315510999200508120318 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Samia H. Eissa ◽

Hoda K. Salem ◽

Nahla E. Omran ◽

Amal M. Kabbash ◽

Wesam H. Amer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Ginseng Extract ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Licorice Extract ◽

Holothuria Atra ◽

Mcf 7

Background: The study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of saponin extracted from six sea-cucumber species, licorice, and ginseng to determine the most potent one. Methods: Antimicrobial activity assessed by well diffusion and agar dilution methods. The inhibitory effects of the tested extracts on cell growth of Liver (HePG-2) and breast (MCF-7) cell lines assessed by MTT [3- (4, 5- dimethyl thiazol-2yl) - 2, 5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. Results: The results revealed that licorice extract presented higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains than sea-cucumber extracts; but has comparable results for Gram-negative (Salmonella tyhimurium, Klebsiella spp, and Acinetobacter baumanii). Holothuria atra body wall and Bohadschia tubules have the highest antifungal effect against Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida famata, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis. Sea-cucumbers are more potent against fungal strains than licorice and ginseng extract. Licorice and ginseng presented higher cytotoxicity against HePG2 and MCF-7 cell lines than sea-cucumbers. Conclusion: This study promotes the use of licorice extract as a better antibacterial substance than sea-cucumber extracts, however the use of sea-cucumber extracts as antifungal agents than herbal extracts. Also, we support the utilization of licorice and ginseng as a cytotoxic agent instead of sea-cucumbers to stop the fishing of animals and consequently save it from extinction.

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Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kandungan Total Fenolik Pada Teripang di Perairan Karimunjawa, Jepara

Journal of Marine Research ◽

10.14710/jmr.v8i4.24600 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 346-354

Author(s):

Yolanda Avigail ◽

Ervia Yudiati ◽

Delianis Pringgenies

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

The Body ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Holothuria Atra

Teripang merupakan hewan jenis Echinodermata. Beberapa species teripang, misalnya H. scabra, H. fuscogilva dan T. ananas memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi. Meskipun tidak semua spesies memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi, teripang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bidang kesehatan, terutama dalam kemampuannya untuk meredam radikal bebas dan mencegah berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi, menentukan aktivitas antioksidan, kandungan total fenol, serta kadar karotenoid pada ekstrak beberapa teripang yang berasal dari Perairan Karimunjawa Jepara. Hasil identifikasi dari ke empat spesies adalah Stichopus cf. quadrifasciatus, Pearsonothuria graeffei, Bohadschia vitiensis, dan Holothuria atra. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan teknik maserasi dinding tubuh teripang menggunakan pelarut metanol. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-pikrilhidrazil) sebagai agen radikal bebas. Penentuan total fenolik dilakukan menggunakan metode folin-ciocalteu, dan penentuan kadar karotenoid dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan Bohadschia vitiensis, Stichopus cf. quadrifasciatus, Pearsonothuria graeffei, dan Holothuria atra tergolong sangat lemah dengan nilai IC50 secara berturut-turut adalah sebesar 454,28 ± 14,4; 713,51 ± 9,1; 801,57 ± 8,4 dan 1535,47 ppm. Kandungan total fenol sebesar 21,08 ± 0,49; 14,325 ± 0,21; 14,033 ± 0,33 dan 10,67 ± 0,12 mg GAE/g sampel, dan kadar karotenoidnya sebesar 23,28 ± 0,07; 25,78 ± 0,56; 11,85 ± 0,04; dan 41,44 ± 0,008 µmol/g sampel.Kata kunci: Teripang, Antioksidan, DPPH, Fenolik, Karotenoid Sea cucumbers are sea benthos from phylum Echinoderms phylum. Some sea cucumbers such as H. scabra, H. fuscogilva, T. Ananas have a high economical price. Eventhough, some sea cucumbers have the potency of being a healthy food. It it scientifically proven that some sea cucumbers have the ability to reduce free radicals and prevent various degenerative diseases caused by the excessive free radicals. The aims of this study were to identified, determine antioxidant activity, total phenol content, and carotenoid levels in sea cucumber extracts originally from Karimunjawa waters. Some of the sea cucumbers obtained are Stichopus cf. quadrifasciatus, Pearsonothuria graeffei, Bohadschia vitiensis, and Holothuria atra. The extraction was done by macerating the body walls with methanol. The antioxidant activity test were tested using the DPPH method as free radicals, the total phenolic content tested using the folin-ciocalteu method, and determined the carotenoid levels spectrophotometrically. Based on the results, antioxidant activity of B. vitiensis, S. cf. quadrifasciatus, P. graeffei, and H. atra were classified as very weak with IC50 454.28 ± 14.4; 713.51 ± 9.1; 801.57 ± 8.4 dan 1535.47 ppm. Total phenolic content were 21.08 ± 0.49; 14.325 ± 0.21; 14.033 ± 0.33 dan 10.67 ± 0.12 mg GAE / g samples, while carotenoid levels were 23.28 ± 0.07; 25.78 ± 0.56; 11.85 ± 0.04; dan 41.44 ± 0.008 µmol / g sample.Keyword : Sea cucumber, Antioxidant, DPPH, Phenolic, Carotenoid

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PEMULIHAN STOK TANGKAPAN PERIKANAN TERIPANG DI KEPULAUAN SERIBU: SUATU PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM

Marine Fisheries Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management ◽

10.29244/jmf.9.2.235-244 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Am Azbas Taurusman ◽

Dadang Shafrudin ◽

Tri Wiji Nurani ◽

Didin Komarudin

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Ecosystem Approach ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

Local Institution ◽

Seagrass Ecosystems ◽

Thousand Islands

ABSTRACTKepulauan Seribu known as Thousand Islands is one of the sea cucumbers producing centers in Indonesia. Sea cucumber has been considered as one of the fishery export commodities with high selling prices. In the last two decades, the catch has been indicating a serious declining. The high intensity of catching and habitat degradation are two main factors that threaten the sustainability of sea cucumber fisheries. In order to recovery the stock, a restocking program in frame of ecosystem approach to fishery has been piloted in Thousand Islands, Jakarta. This research covers the bio-technical aspects of sea cucumber fisheries in an integrated manner with the ecosystem approach. There were several steps in conducting the restocking study, namely the study of habitat status and feasibility, preparation of maintenance sites for biota, seed spreading, monitoring and evaluation. A well coordination and collaboration with local institutions (Kepulauan Seribu National Park) was needed to build previously. The results of the study indicated that efforts to restore sea cucumber fisheries should be integrated with conservation of seagrass ecosystems which as sea cucumbers habitat and a proper maintenance system. Eight species of sea cucumbers, consist of 4 species of Holothuridae (Bohadschia bivittata, Actinopyga lecanora, Holothuria leucospilota, H. scabra), and 4 species Stichopodidae (Stichopus herrmanni, S. ocellatus, S. horren, S. monotuberculatus) have been identified and restocking in this area. The released biota can live and grow well and breed at the research site. The construction of seagrass-based sea cucumber ecosystem restocking system has become one of the new tourist attractions integrated with the Thousand Islands National Park tourist facilities, which are very attractive to visitors.Keywords: ecosystem approach fishery managemen (EAFM), restocking, sea cucumbers fishery, seagrass ecosystemABSTRAKKepulauan Seribu merupakan salah satu sentra penghasil teripang di Indonesia. Teripang merupakan salah satu komoditi ekspor perikanan dengan harga jual yang tinggi. Dalam dua dekade terakhir, tangkapan teripang telah menunjukkan penurunan tajam. Tingginya intensitas penangkapan dan degradasi habitat merupakan dua faktor utama yang mengancam keberlanjutan perikanan teripang. Salah satu upaya untuk pemulihan stok teripang melalui pendekatan ekosistem telah diujicobakan di wilayah Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Tulisan ini mencakup aspek bio-teknis upaya pemulihan perikanan teripang secara terintegrasi dengan pendekatan ekosistem. Upaya pemulihan dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu studi status dan kelayakan habitat, penyiapan wadah pemeliharaan biota, penebaran benih, monitoring dan evaluasi. Sebelum kegiatan dilakukan, terlebih dahulu melakukan koordinasi dengan institusi lokal (Balai Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemulihan perikanan teripang harus diselaraskan dengan upaya konservasi ekosistem lamun sebagai habitat teripang dan sistem pemeliharaan yang layak secara teknis. Delapan spesies teripang, terdiri dari 4 spesies Holothuridae (Bohadschia bivittata, Actinopyga lecanora, Holothuria leucospilota, H. scabra), dan 4 species Stichopodidae (Stichopus herrmanni, S. ocellatus, S. horren, S. monotuberculatus) telah terindentifikasi dan di-restocking di lokasi ini. Biota yang dilepas dapat hidup dan tumbuh dengan baik dan berkembangbiak di lokasi penelitian. Konstruksi sistem restocking teripang berbasis ekosistem lamun telah menjadi salah satu obyek wisata baru terintegrasi dengan fasilitas wisata Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu, yang sangat menarik bagi pengunjung.Kata kunci: pendekatan ekosistem (EAFM), restocking, perikanan teripang, ekosistem lamun

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Timun Laut Teluk Ambon, Maluku

Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia ◽

10.14203/oldi.2016.v1i3.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Ana Setyastuti

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

New Records ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Marine Life ◽

Method Selection ◽

The Status ◽

Holothuria Atra ◽

Surrounding Areas

Sea Cucumbers of Ambon Bay, Maluku. Research on the diversity of marine life in Indonesian waters, particularly in Ambon Bay, Maluku, had started in 1705 by G.E. Rumphius. In the period thereafter until the year 2000s there was a possibility in changes of environmental conditions or habitat in Ambon Bay waters. Therefore, a study on the status of marine life in the waters of Ambon Bay and surrounding areas needed to be done. The research aimed to inventory sea cucumbers in Ambon Bay, which was conducted in July–October 2009 at 12 research stations. The method used was a free hand picking collection using snorkeling and scuba equipment. The result showed 18 species of sea cucumbers, two species of which (Holothuria atra, Opheodesoma grisea) have a wide distribution and habitat preference since they found in four to five sampling stations. The results of this inventory coupled with the results of previous studies based on literatures from 1990 showed there were 46 species of sea cucumbers in Ambon Bay, which were about 13% of the estimated number of sea cucumber species in Indonesia (±350 species). Fluctuations in the number and composition of sea cucumber species that successfully inventoried during the period of 1990s to this study are discussed in detail in this paper. There is a possibility to obtain new records, even new species in this location, along with the increase of understanding in method selection and species identification.

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