scholarly journals Ship building design of general cargo vessel using comparator ship method in port route of Jakarta-Makassar-Manokwari

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
H Palippui ◽  
T Pairunan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Ship Building ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
General Cargo ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract Marine-based industrial development includes several sectors including Sea Transportation Services, Ferry Services, Capture Fisheries, Offshore Oil & Gas, Marine Biological Resources, Marine Tourism, and Energy Conversion, which in general both management and operations require supporting facilities, namely ships. with certain types that can serve these interests. During the current economic recovery period, there need to be concrete and more innovative steps that must be pursued by all parties, both government and private, in order to reduce the time needed to improve the state’s economic condition. Hence, the role of marine potential is very vital to be further developed in the future. The optimization results of the comparison ship obtained the main dimensions of the design vessel, namely: Lbp = 81.19 m, B = 15.00 m, T = 5.50 m, H = 7.00 m, Cb = 0.75, Cm = 0.99, Cw = 0.84 Cpv = 0.89, Cph = 0.76, Fb = 1.50 m, Fn = 0.22, Displacement = 5280.91 tons, Volume = 5131.583 m3, GRT = 3910 tons, Vs = 12 knots, Lwl = 83.22 m. This comparator ship method makes it easy for ship designers with accurate results.

scholarly journals Usulan Penentuan Ukuran Kapal Curah Melalui Pendekatan Statistik

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Johny Malisan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Method ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Ship Building ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Market Needs

Bulk cargoes have currently increased sharply along with the enhancement of industrial development so as required bulk raw materials such as cement, fertilizers, coal, nickel, and other minerals. Therefore, in line with the market needs, especially in relation to the implementation of Presidential Instruction No. 5 of 2005 on the empowerment of the national shipping industry and Law No. 17 of 2008 on shipping, the urge to build new ships that could replace role of foreign vessels fleet for inter island transport increases. Building a new ship was adapted to the concept of ship design which was closely related to the method of ship development both scientifically and technically. The process of ship dimensions determination became the first things to be done before implementation of ship building process. Ship capacity must be based on the prediction of cargoes to be transported, and for that, statistical method was implemented in this research. Within this method, main ship dimensions obtained i.e. length, width, height, and draught that based on the vessel capacity.Keywords: bulk cargoes incresed, main ship dimensions. Muatan curah saat ini mengalami peningkatan yang cukup pesat sejalan dengan meningkatnya perkembangan industri sehingga membutuhkan bahan baku curah seperti semen, pupuk, batubara, nikel, dan bahan tambang lainnya. Untuk itu, sejalan dengan kebutuhan pasar khususnya dalam kaitan dengan penerapan lnpres 5 tahun 2005 tentang pemberdayaan industri pelayaran nasional dan UU 17 tahun 2008 tentang pelayaran, maka dorongan untuk membangun kapal yang mampu menggantikan peran armada asing untuk angkutan antar pulau di Indonesia semakin besar. Pembangunan kapal disesuaikan dengan konsep perancangan kapal yang erat hubungannya dengan metode pengembangan baik secara ilmiah maupun teknis. Proses pencarian ukuran kapal menjadi hal yang pertama dilakukan sebelum proses pembangunan dilaksanakan. Kapasitas kapal tentunya didasarkan pada prediksi jumlah muatan yang diangkut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode statistik (statistical methode). Dengan metode ini diperoleh ukuran utama kapal yakni panjang, lebar, tinggi, dan sarat berdasarkan kapasitas kapal yang diinginkan.Kata kunci : peningkatan muatan curah, ukuran utama kapal

Model Permintaan dan Peran Stakeholder untuk Meningkatkan Muatan General Cargo Angkutan Pelayaran Rakyat

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Windra Priatna Humang
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Forest Concessions ◽  
General Cargo

AbstrakPelayaran Rakyat (Pelra) adalah bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari sistem transportasi laut di Indonesia, khususnya dalam distribusi logistik di wilayah kepulauan. Saat ini eksistensi Pelra terancam karena ketidakmampuannya bersaing dengan armada pelayaran nasional, di tengah kebijakan untuk meningkatkan konektivitas melalui program Tol Laut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memprediksi permintaan muatan general cargo dan menganalisis peran stakeholder dalam peningkatan muatan angkutan Pelra. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan muatan Pelra di lokasi penelitian yaitu Pelabuhan Paotere (Makassar), Pelabuhan Tenau (Kupang), Pelabuhan Batu Merah (Ambon), Pelabuhan Bastiong (Ternate), dan Pelabuhan Angrem (Manokwari). Pangsa (share) muatan yang diangkut oleh armada Pelra sangat minim dan tiap tahun mengalami penurunan. Beberapa upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh stakeholder antara lain: 1). Penerbitan Peraturan Presiden tentang Pemberdayaan Pelayaran Rakyat; 2). Pemberian subsidi agar mampu bersaing dengan armada pelayaran nasional; 3). Kerjasama antara Pemerintah Daerah, Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN), Bulog, dan Asosiasi Pelra untuk distribusi barang pada wilayah terpencil dan perbatasan; 4). Peningkatan kemampuan pembangunan kapal yang tidak hanya terbatas pada kayu namun juga bahan baja dan Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC); 5). Penyesuaian trayek/rute kapal Pelra dengan trayek/rute kapal Tol Laut, perintis, dan kapal niaga sehingga terjadi integrasi jaringan; 6). Peningkatan standar pembuatan kapal Pelra dan penyesuaian dengan standar PT. Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI); 7). Pengembangan prototipe kapal Pelra yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi perairan baik kapal barang, kapal ternak, maupun kapal wisata; 8). Pemberian kemudahan memperoleh modal dan asuransi; 9). Penerbitan Peraturan tentang Konsesi Hutan Tanaman Kayu Ulin untuk Industri Kapal Pelra.Kata kunci: General Cargo, Kapal, Pelayaran Rakyat, Transportasi Laut.AbstractDemand Model and the Role of Stakeholders to Increase General Cargo on Traditional Shipping: Tradisional shipping (Pelra) is an integral part of the marine transportation system in Indonesia, especially in logistics distribution in archipelagic areas. Currently, Pelra’s existence is threatened because of its inability to compete with the national shipping fleet, amidst the national policy to improve connectivity through the Sea Tollway program. The purpose of this paper is to predict the demand for general cargo and analyze the role of stakeholders in increasing Traditional Shipping cargo. The results of the analysis showed that there was a decline in the traditional shipping cargo at the research sites, including the Port of Paotere (Makassar), Port of Tenau (Kupang), Port of Batu Merah (Ambon), Port of Bastiong (Ternate), and Port of Angrem (Manokwari). The share of cargo distributed by Traditional Shipping is very minimal and has decreased every year. Some of the efforts that can be made by the stakeholders include: 1). Issuance of Presidential Decree on Empowerment of Traditional Shipping; 2). Providing subsidies to be able to compete with the national shipping fleet; 3). Collaboration between the Regional Government, BUMN, Bulog, and Traditional Shipping Association for the distribution of goods in remote and border areas; 4). Improving the ability to build ships that are not only limited to wood but also steel and Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC) materials; 5). Adjustment of traditional shipping route of the ship to the route of the Sea Tollway, pioneer and commercial vessels to develop network integration; 6). Improving the standard for the manufacture of Traditional Shipping vessel and adjusting to PT. Biro KIasifikasi Indonesia (BKI) standards; 7). Development of prototypes of Traditional Shipping vessel that is adapted to the conditions of the waters both cargo, livestock, and tourist vessels; 8). Provision of facilities to obtain capital and insurance; 9). Issuance of Regulations concerning Ironwood Forest Concessions for the Traditional Shipping Industry.Keywords:  General Cargo, Ship, Traditional Shipping, Sea Transportation.

scholarly journals The Role of Liner Shipping Services in Small and Medium Sized

Economics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Bagrat Devadze Bagrat Devadze
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Liner Shipping ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
General Cargo ◽  
East West

The Liner services provides regular shipments of goods between ports within the set timeframe. A fixed route, the obligation of receiving cargo and to go to sea with established schedule distinguishes line service from the sea transportation of bulk cargo. Containerization, establishment and improvement of routes and infrastructure helped liner shipping to become the driving force of Global economy, which supports the growth of international trade, development of different business forms such as mainly small and medium sized businesses. The shipment volume of containerized cargo was 37.1 M.TEU in 1994, by 2020 the figure reached up to 143.3 M.TEU. This indicator was growing at a high rate on East-West route during 1990-2016; In terms of North-South, South-South and intraregional route same measure was high between 1990-2004 years. Afterwards, Abovementioned growth has become more stable. Containerization changed the structure of Liner fleet. If general cargo vessels deadweight was growing during 1970-2010 (From 40.5M Dwt to 99.7M Dwt), in the latest 10 years, the tonnage has been decreasing and as for 2020 it was 74.6M Dwt. In exchange for this the number of container ships have been growing consistently and in 2020 it consisted of 274.7M Dwt. Maersk became the largest line operator since 2001 (with a market share of 9.4%) and by 2020 it’s share of the business has grown to 17%. The company owns container terminals worldwide, including the Poti container terminal. MSC is on second place (9.4% market share), COSCO is on third place (12.4%) and CMA CGM takes forth place (11.8%). Keywords: Liner Shipping Services, Containerization, East–West routes, North–South routes, Intraregional routes, General cargo ship, Containership, Liner operator, Container port.

scholarly journals Waterlogging-Stress-Responsive LncRNAs, Their Regulatory Relationships with MiRNAs and Target Genes in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8197
Author(s):  
Kinga Kęska ◽  
Michał Wojciech Szcześniak ◽  
Adela Adamus ◽  
Małgorzata Czernicka
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Non Coding Rna

Low oxygen level is a phenomenon often occurring during the cucumber cultivation period. Genes involved in adaptations to stress can be regulated by non-coding RNA. The aim was the identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the response to long-term waterlogging stress in two cucumber haploid lines, i.e., DH2 (waterlogging tolerant—WL-T) and DH4 (waterlogging sensitive—WL-S). Plants, at the juvenile stage, were waterlogged for 7 days (non-primed, 1xH), and after a 14-day recovery period, plants were stressed again for another 7 days (primed, 2xH). Roots were collected for high-throughput RNA sequencing. Implementation of the bioinformatic pipeline made it possible to determine specific lncRNAs for non-primed and primed plants of both accessions, highlighting differential responses to hypoxia stress. In total, 3738 lncRNA molecules were identified. The highest number (1476) of unique lncRNAs was determined for non-primed WL-S plants. Seventy-one lncRNAs were depicted as potentially being involved in acquiring tolerance to hypoxia in cucumber. Understanding the mechanism of gene regulation under long-term waterlogging by lncRNAs and their interactions with miRNAs provides sufficient information in terms of adaptation to the oxygen deprivation in cucumber. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of long-term waterlogging tolerance by priming application in cucumber.

scholarly journals The role of diversity and tolerance in economic development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Kwasnicki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Radical Innovations ◽  
Long Run

AbstractThis paper presents an evolutionary model of industry development, and uses simulations to investigation the role of diversity and heterogeneity in firms’ behaviour, and hence industrial development. The simulations suggest that economic growth is increased with greater variety, in the sense of the evolutionary process approaching the equilibrium faster and also, in the long run, moving faster from one equilibrium to a new, more advanced, equilibrium. This occurs due to higher variety caused by a more tolerant environment, and due to the higher probability of emergence of radical innovations.

scholarly journals Pain therapy to reduce perioperative complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Stephan M. Freys ◽  
Esther Pogatzki-Zahn
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Acute Pain Therapy

AbstractThe incidence rates of adverse events secondary to any operation are a well-known problem in any surgical field. One outstanding example of such adverse events is postoperative pain. Thus, the incidence of acute postoperative pain following any surgical procedure and its treatment are central issues for every surgeon. In the times of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs, acute pain therapy became an increasingly well investigated and accepted aspect in almost all surgical subspecialties. However, if it comes to the reduction of postoperative complications, in the actual context of postoperative pain, surgeons tend to focus on the operative process rather than on the perioperative procedures. Undoubtedly, postoperative pain became an important factor with regard to the quality of surgical care: both, the extent and the quality of the surgical procedure and the extent and the quality of the analgesic technique are decisive issues for a successful pain management. There is growing evidence that supports the role of acute pain therapy in reducing postoperative morbidity, and it has been demonstrated that high pain scores postoperatively may contribute to a complicated postoperative course. This overview comprises the current knowledge on the role of acute pain therapy with regard to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Most of the knowledge is derived from studies that primarily focus on the type and quality of postoperative pain therapy in relation to specific surgical procedures and only secondary on complications. As far as existent, data that report on the recovery period after surgery, on the rehabilitation status, on perioperative morbidity, on the development of chronic pain after surgery, and on possible solutions of the latter problem with the institution of transitional pain services will be presented.

The role of international institutional partnerships in delivering low-energy building design: A case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Parrish ◽  
Reshma Singh ◽  
Szu-Cheng Chien
Keyword(s):  
Building Design ◽  
Low Energy

scholarly journals The Role of Stakeholders in Public Transportation Services Based on Information Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 717 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Rohady Ramadhan ◽  
Andi Nilwana ◽  
Muhammad Bibin ◽  
Ani Ardian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Services

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE ON THE ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN DESIGN OF TRIPOLI

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
AbuRawi Mustafa ALMARKIYAH ◽  
Fouziya Alzarqani Ipraheem FADHLULLAH
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The City

Tripoli is a city of a Mediterranean Sea climate; this has contributed with some social and religious factors to affect the architectural and urban design, which all originally has come from the Islamic content. This study argues the climatic features of Tripoli in order to show the ways followed by the Libyan Muslim architect. In other words, these ways were used to adapt with the climate and create the demanding architectural treatments, which have served the building units. This is considered as a study case that can discuss the possibility of the climatic reflection on the walls. That is to say, the walls’ thickness, the type of the used substance in building, the substance’s properties, the type of roof used in covering the building units and the architectural design of the building as treatments achieved professionally by the architect in decreasing the heat in summer and increasing the heat in winter through the mass block. Additionally, the researchers have stated that Tripoli’s building design respected the privacy of the inhabitants and their isolation from the world outside their buildings. That is because they wanted to have their own cold spaces inside which were rich of light, air and shadow. As a result of the aforementioned considerations, the architectural buildings contained the uncovered space and the broken entrance to keep the privacy from the passengers and to protect the inhabitants from wind and sand. These were regarded as final solutions for the architectural and climatic problem. Further, this study illustrates the active role of using the planning including the architectural formations and the treatments of motion path. That is according to their width, their length, their form, their guidance and their direction change in order to make shadow and isolate the front of buildings. This also contributed to give the streets the northern wind which in turn helped to keep the air moving as long as possible to tone down the climatic influences. Moreover, the planning aimed to show its turn through analytical, architectural and documentary survey for realistic examples in the archeological registrar of the potential city treatments. These architectural elements were important in making the sustainable architecture in respect to the environment and human relaxation requirements. Finally, the researchers measured the following factors temperatures, wind, rain, and ratio humidity for variety of spaces in the city. That was followed by qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis supported by graphs

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