Nutritional and Chemical Compositions of The Desert Truffle (Terfezia Claveryi) in Samawa City of Iraq

Abstract The present study was conducted to investigate the nutritional and phytochemical composition (amino acids, phenolic compounds) of Terfezia claveryi collected from Samawa city. The macro-Kjeldahl technique was used to determine the crude protein content (N6.25) of the samples. A Soxhlet device was used to determine the crude fat content. The identification of free amino acids and individual phenolic compounds were performed by an amino acid analyzer and High-Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC). Terfezia claveryi rich in carbohydrates, proteins and low in fat. protein percentage was 17.64%. Terfezia claveryi contain twelve amino acids, nine phenolic compounds, Rutin, Gallic acid, Sinapic acids and Chlorogenic acid were 6479.035, 3737.48, 1263.303, 1151.521 μg/gm identified as the major phenolic compound respectively. The protein content is significantly higher than most vegetables, which can use as a well-balanced diet. Owing to rich amino acids and phenolic profile Terfezia claveryi can be considered as a source of therapeutic agents.

Download Full-text

Amino Acid Compositions of 27 Food Fishes and Their Importance in Clinical Nutrition

Journal of Amino Acids ◽

10.1155/2014/269797 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Bimal Mohanty ◽

Arabinda Mahanty ◽

Satabdi Ganguly ◽

T. V. Sankar ◽

Kajal Chakraborty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

High Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Cold Water ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Dietary Counseling ◽

Amino Acid Compositions

Proteins and amino acids are important biomolecules which regulate key metabolic pathways and serve as precursors for synthesis of biologically important substances; moreover, amino acids are building blocks of proteins. Fish is an important dietary source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and play important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, crude protein content and amino acid compositions of important food fishes from different habitats have been studied. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid composition was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and information on 27 food fishes was generated. The analysis showed that the cold water species are rich in lysine and aspartic acid, marine fishes in leucine, small indigenous fishes in histidine, and the carps and catfishes in glutamic acid and glycine. The enriched nutrition knowledge base would enhance the utility of fish as a source of quality animal proteins and amino acids and aid in their inclusion in dietary counseling and patient guidance for specific nutritional needs.

Download Full-text

Nutritional and chemical compositions of two underutilized Vegetables in Nigeria

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v52i3.34156 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 201-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

FB Borokini ◽

MT Olaleye ◽

L Lajide

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

High Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Reverse Phase ◽

Basella Alba ◽

Dietary Minerals ◽

Total Dietary Fibre

The proximate, mineral and anti-nutritional compositions of Basella alba and Senecio biafrae were determined. The vegetables were also screened for phytochemicals and the polyphenols present in them analyzed using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The results of proximate in % were: moisture (11.75, 12.24), crude protein (19.22, 20.17), ash (20.95, 21.48), total dietary fibre (16.57, 22.51), crude fat (10.49, 13.34) and carbohydrate (21.02, 10.26). Dietary minerals were present in appreciable quantities: sodium (660, 300), potassium (7800, 1430), calcium (1050, 1150), magnesium (350, 310), zinc (41, 34), copper (0.10, 1.80), iron (1.40, 2.00), and phosphorus (20.50, 13.40) in mg/100g respectively. Lead was not detected in Basella alba but in trace amount in Senecio biafrae (0.002). Vitamins in µg/g were: vitamin A (13.21, 9.78), thiamine (315.22, 315.22), ascorbic acid (14.86, 9.85) and tocopherol (49.89, 192.38). Amino acid profile of the two vegetables showed appreciable essential: histidine (2.14, 2.27), isoleucine (3.01, 3.43), leucine (7.75, 8.85), lysine (2.92, 4.62), methionine (0.89, 0.99), phenylalanine (3.88, 4.22), threonine (2.84, 3.15) and non essential amino acids: valine (3.13, 3.71), arginine (3.97, 4.49), aspartic acid (7.32, 8.28), serine (2.09, 2.22), glutamic acid (10.15, 10.83), proline (2.24, 2.65), glycine (3.07, 3.56), alanine (3.49, 4.03), cysteine (0.79, 0.86), tryosine (2.22, 2.70). Antinutrient factors present in mg/g were: tannin (2.34, 1.45), oxalate (1.17, 0.45) and phytate (1.03, 0.08). Caffeic acid was, most aboundant phenolic acid in both vegetables (32.74, 37.51); and their flavonoid compositions were similar except for catechin which was lacking in Senecio biafrae. The nutritional and nutraceutical potential of both vegetables are good and could be exploited to promote health.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 201-208, 2017

Download Full-text

Reduction of the crude protein content of diets supplemented with essential amino acids for piglets weighing 15 to 30 kilograms

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982014000600004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 301-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Juliana Beatriz Toledo ◽

Antonio Claudio Furlan ◽

Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽

Jocasta Carraro ◽

Gabriel Moresco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Crude Protein Content

Download Full-text

Phenolic Profile and Bioactive Potential of Stems and Seed Kernels of Sweet Cherry Fruit

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121295 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1295 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sílvia Afonso ◽

Ivo Vaz Oliveira ◽

Anne S. Meyer ◽

Alfredo Aires ◽

Maria José Saavedra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

Bioactive Potential ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Every year, large quantities of stems and pits are generated during sweet cherry processing, without any substantial use. Although stems are widely recognized by traditional medicine, detailed and feasible information about their bioactive composition or biological value is still scarce, as well as the characterization of kernels. Therefore, we conducted a study in which bioactivity potential of extracts from stems and kernels of four sweet cherry cultivars (Early Bigi (grown under net cover (C) and without net cover (NC)), Burlat, Lapins, and Van) were examined. The assays included antioxidant (by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays), and antibacterial activities against important Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial human isolates. Profile and individual phenolic composition of each extract were determined by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Extracts from stems of cv. Lapins and kernels of Early Bigi NC presented high levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, ortho-diphenols and saponins. Excepting for cv. Early Bigi NC, major phenolic compounds identified in stems and kernels were sakuranetin and catechin, respectively. In cv. Early Bigi NC the most abundant compounds were ellagic acid for stems and protocatechuic acid for kernels. In all extracts, antioxidant activities showed a positive correlation with the increments in phenolic compounds. Antimicrobial activity assays showed that only stem’s extracts were capable of inhibiting the growth of Gram positive isolates. This new data is intended to provide new possibilities of valorization of these by-products and their valuable properties.

Download Full-text

The effect of dietary crude protein content on apparent and true ileal nitrogen and amino acid digestibilities

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19940009 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 59-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. Donkoh ◽

P. J. Moughan

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Ileal Digestibility ◽

Dietary Protein Level

The effect of dietary protein content (25, 60, 95, 130, 165 and 200 g crude protein (N × 6.25)/kg diet) on the apparent and true ileal digestibilities of N and amino acids in meat-and-bone meal given to the growing rat was investigated. Semi-synthetic diets in which meat-and-bone meal was the sole protein source were given to 180 g body-weight rats for 14 d. On the fourteenth day the rats were fed and then killed 4 h after the start of feeding and digesta were sampled from the terminal 200 mm ileum. Endogenous amino acid excretion was determined for eighteen rats given an enzymically hydrolysed casein (EHC)-based diet and with subsequent treatment of the digesta using ultrafiltration. The EHC-fed rats were killed 3 h after the start of feeding and digesta were collected from the terminal 200 mm ileum. True ileal digestibility values determined with reference to Cr as a marker were higher than the corresponding apparent estimates. Apparent digestibility values of N and amino acids increased significantly (P < 0.001) with increasing dietary protein level; however, dietary protein content had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the true ileal digestibilities of N and amino acids. The mean apparent ileal digestibility of N in meat-and-bone meal ranged from 65.6 to 75.3%. The corresponding range for the true ileal digestibility of N was 76.9 to 78.2%. True ileal digestibility, unlike apparent digestibility, appears to be independent of dietary protein level and may allow feed ingredients to be compared accurately even if they are ingested in different quantities.

Download Full-text

Zur N-reduzierten Fütterung von Mastschweinen bei Einsatz freier Aminosäuren

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-43-179-2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 179-192

Author(s):

H. Nonn ◽

H. Jeroch

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Content ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Fattening Pigs

Abstract. Title of the Paper: Investigation on N-reduced feeding and use of free amino acids in fattening pigs The aim of the present study was to investigate the N-reduced feeding by fattening pigs feed by cereals rieh feedmixture supplemented with the free amino-acids L-lysine, DL-methionine, L-threonine, L-tryptophane, Lleucine, L-isoleucine, L-histidine and L-valine. It was to test extreme low crude protein content by requirement sufficient supply on amino-aeid. The reaction of the animals in growth, carcass quality and the reduction of Nexeretion was to investigate. The pigs were divided in two groups (control and experimental group) with 24 animals per group (12 females and 12 castrates). The experiment was divided into three periods (25–60, 60–85 and 85–110 kg body weight). The protein content of the feedmixture was by the control group 18.3, 15.6 and 13.6% and by the experimental group 14.0, 11.8 and 10.7%, respectively. The lysine-energy ratio of the feedmixture was by all three feeding periods by 0.72 or 0.74, 0.61 or 0.62 and 0.55 or 0.57 g lysine per MJ ME in control feedmixture or experimental feedmixture, respectively. By a high Performance are the average daily life weight gain (control group 869 and experimental group 863 g) and the lean meat rate (control group 55.2 and experimental group 55:0%) not influenced by the high of crude protein supply. The calculated N-excretion were by the control group 4.16 kg (as 100%) and by experimental group 2.60 kg (62.5%) per 100 kg body weight gain.

Download Full-text

Connection of protein and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/36/2799 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 101-107

Author(s):

Zoltán Mezei ◽

Ágnes Pongrácznl Barancsi ◽

Péter Sipos ◽

Zoltán Győri ◽

János Csapó

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Acid Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

We analysed the crude protein content, amino acid content, amino acid composition of four forage and milling III. quality winter wheat varieties (Magor, Hunor, Róna and Kondor) from their samples from five following years (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007). We found that quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids rose with increase in crude protein content. On examination of protein amino acid composition in relation to crude protein content we found that the crude protein content increased the quantities of the non-essential amino acids also rose, while those of the essential amino acids decreased as the lysine, the limiting amino acid of wheat. We also established that, as crude protein content increased, the biological value of the protein decreased.

Download Full-text

Connection of crude protein content and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties in the relation of quantity and quality

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/32/3020 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 73-79

Author(s):

Zoltán Mezei ◽

Zoltán Győri ◽

János Csapó

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Acid Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

Download Full-text

Industrial amino acids in diets for piglets and growing pigs

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72336 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 60 (7) ◽

pp. 673-683

Author(s):

J. Inborr ◽

K. Suomi

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Health Status ◽

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Control Diet ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Protein Amino Acid ◽

Low Protein ◽

Slaughter Pigs ◽

Protein Diets

Two production trials with piglets and one with slaughter pigs were carried out in order to investigate the effects of reducing the protein content in the diets followed by an addition of industrial amino acids on performance and health status. In the first piglet trial the crude protein content of the control diet was decreased from 20 to 18.3 % and in the second from 18.3 to 16.7 %. In the trial with growing pigs, the protein content of the control diet was decreased from 17.0 to 15.5 %. Industrial L-lysine, DL-methionine and L-threonine were added to the low protein diets to get the same levels of these amino acids as in the control diets. Piglet performance was similar on all treatments indicating equal availability of added and protein-bound amino acids. Health status of piglets on the low protein diets was considerably improved, indicating less predisposition to post weaning diarrhoea. Pigs on the low protein amino acid fortified diet tended to gain weight faster (788 vs. 743 g/day; p

Download Full-text

Tambir : Jamur Alam Papua yang Berpotensi sebagai Jamur Konsumsi

JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA ◽

10.31957/jbp.104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 18-24

Author(s):

Supeni Sufaati ◽

Vita Purnamasari ◽

Verena Agustini ◽

Suharno Suharno

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Edible Mushroom ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Local People ◽

Alternative Protein

Fungi has several role for humankind, one of them is as food. The potency of wild edible mushrooms as a source of nutrition still need to be explored to support national food security. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of nutrient content of wild edible mushroom called Tambir that commonly be consumed as alternative food by local people in Jayapura, Papua. Samples were collected from the traditional market nearby Uncen campus in Waena, Jayapura, Papua. Micro Kjeldahl method was used to analyze the crude protein content, hexane-gravimetry for lipid, spectrophotometry for carbohydrate, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for amino acid composition. The results showed that this mushroom has 15.74 % crude protein, 2.59 % lipid, 50.17 % carbohydrate and 8 essential amino acids. The chemical value of those eight essential amino acids were more than 100 that means this mushroom has no amino acid limitation. Therefore, Tambir could be a good alternative protein source for local people. Key words: fungi, proteins, local knowledge, Tambir, Papua.

Download Full-text