scholarly journals Design and analysis of low-cost underwater glider for shallow water

2021 ◽  
Vol 925 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
H Inprasetyobudi ◽  
Y Y E Darma ◽  
N Rinanto ◽  
G H Wibowo ◽  
R E P Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Underwater Glider ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Manufacturing Engineering

Abstract This paper aims to design a low-cost underwater glider to operate in shallow water. The proposed design was developed by manufacturing engineering software. Analysis of the hull using manufacturing engineering software and 3D computer-aided design (CAD). The analysis of hydrodynamics using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This glider was designed to operate in shallow water, coastal, lake and river for a maximum depth of 10 m and a maximum speed of current 12,96 km/h, or 3,6 m/s. To reduce and minimize the cost to manufacture this underwater glider, the mechanics, electrical, electronics, and power source were using common tools on the market, not on demand. Based on numerical model, the hull pressure had 30,127 psi or 0,2077162 MPa for maximum depth 10 m and max speed 12,96 km/h. Maximum pressure occurs on the nose and behind the wings. This unmanned vehicle was designed to be in 9 compartments. The first compartment and 8th compartment are used for ballast tanks. The others for: mechanics of ballast system, altimeter and attitude controller, payload, battery pack, main controller part, propulsion system, and propulsor.

Fabrication of 3D Temperature Sensor Using Magnetostrictive Inkjet Printhead

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 50405-1-50405-5
Author(s):  
Young-Woo Park ◽  
Myounggyu Noh
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drop On Demand ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink ◽  
Inkjet Printhead

Abstract Recently, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has attracted much attention for creating objects of arbitrary shape and manufacturing. For the first time, in this work, we present the fabrication of an inkjet printed low-cost 3D temperature sensor on a 3D-shaped thermoplastic substrate suitable for packaging, flexible electronics, and other printed applications. The design, fabrication, and testing of a 3D printed temperature sensor are presented. The sensor pattern is designed using a computer-aided design program and fabricated by drop-on-demand inkjet printing using a magnetostrictive inkjet printhead at room temperature. The sensor pattern is printed using commercially available conductive silver nanoparticle ink. A moving speed of 90 mm/min is chosen to print the sensor pattern. The inkjet printed temperature sensor is demonstrated, and it is characterized by good electrical properties, exhibiting good sensitivity and linearity. The results indicate that 3D inkjet printing technology may have great potential for applications in sensor fabrication.

scholarly journals An Innovative and Cost-Advantage CAD Solution for Cubitus Varus Surgical Planning in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4057
Author(s):  
Leonardo Frizziero ◽  
Gian Maria Santi ◽  
Christian Leon-Cardenas ◽  
Giampiero Donnici ◽  
Alfredo Liverani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Varus Deformity ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Cubitus Varus ◽  
Surgical Guide ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Patient Specific Instruments

The study of CAD (computer aided design) modeling, design and manufacturing techniques has undergone a rapid growth over the past decades. In medicine, this development mainly concerned the dental and maxillofacial sectors. Significant progress has also been made in orthopedics with pre-operative CAD simulations, printing of bone models and production of patient-specific instruments. However, the traditional procedure that formulates the surgical plan based exclusively on two-dimensional images and interventions performed without the aid of specific instruments for the patient and is currently the most used surgical technique. The production of custom-made tools for the patient, in fact, is often expensive and its use is limited to a few hospitals. The purpose of this study is to show an innovative and cost-effective procedure aimed at prototyping a custom-made surgical guide for address the cubitus varus deformity on a pediatric patient. The cutting guides were obtained through an additive manufacturing process that starts from the 3D digital model of the patient’s bone and allows to design specific models using Creo Parametric. The result is a tool that adheres perfectly to the patient’s bone and guides the surgeon during the osteotomy procedure. The low cost of the methodology described makes it worth noticing by any health institution.

Electrostatic bellow muscle actuators and energy harvesters that stack up

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (51) ◽  
pp. eaaz5796
Author(s):  
I. D. Sîrbu ◽  
G. Moretti ◽  
G. Bortolotti ◽  
M. Bolignari ◽  
S. Diré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Out Of Plane

Future robotic systems will be pervasive technologies operating autonomously in unknown spaces that are shared with humans. Such complex interactions make it compulsory for them to be lightweight, soft, and efficient in a way to guarantee safety, robustness, and long-term operation. Such a set of qualities can be achieved using soft multipurpose systems that combine, integrate, and commute between conventional electromechanical and fluidic drives, as well as harvest energy during inactive actuation phases for increased energy efficiency. Here, we present an electrostatic actuator made of thin films and liquid dielectrics combined with rigid polymeric stiffening elements to form a circular electrostatic bellow muscle (EBM) unit capable of out-of-plane contraction. These units are easy to manufacture and can be arranged in arrays and stacks, which can be used as a contractile artificial muscle, as a pump for fluid-driven soft robots, or as an energy harvester. As an artificial muscle, EBMs of 20 to 40 millimeters in diameter can exert forces of up to 6 newtons, lift loads over a hundred times their own weight, and reach contractions of over 40% with strain rates over 1200% per second, with a bandwidth over 10 hertz. As a pump driver, these EBMs produce flow rates of up to 0.63 liters per minute and maximum pressure head of 6 kilopascals, whereas as generator, they reach a conversion efficiency close to 20%. The compact shape, low cost, simple assembling procedure, high reliability, and large contractions make the EBM a promising technology for high-performance robotic systems.

Rotordynamics Experimental Validation of a Sliding-Blade Architecture for an Inside-Out Ceramic Turbine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Landry ◽  
B. Picard ◽  
T. Parent-Simard ◽  
J.-S. Plante ◽  
M. Picard
Keyword(s):  
Radial Displacement ◽  
Hoop Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Radial Displacements ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Inclined Planes ◽  
Inside Out

The integration of monolithic ceramic blades into sub-megawatt microturbines is a low-cost option for increasing Turbine Inlet Temperature and efficiency. The Inside-Out Ceramic Turbine (ICT) is a promising concept for the integration of ceramic blades by loading each blades in compression using a carbon-polymer composite rim to convert the blade radial loads to tangential hoop stress. High tangential velocities lead to elevated radial displacement of the rim and, therefore, the rotor hub needs to be able to maintain the contact with the blades for a large range of radial displacements. This displacements comes with hub structural challenges and rotordynamics considerations. For these reasons, blade tip speed have been previously limited to about 360 m/s. This paper presents a hub design that allows high radial displacement using the combination of inclined blade roots, inclined hub grooves and an axial spring. The contact between the blade root and the hub is maintained through the inclined planes by the axial forces from the spring creating internal friction in the rotor that can induce sub-synchronous rotordynamics instabilities. The onset of instabilities is investigated experimentally with cold spin tests of a simplified ICT prototype. The results first show that the concept remains stable up to the maximum speed tested of 127 kRPM (tip speed of 387 m/s) if the spring is designed such that it remains in contact with the blade roots at all time. On the other hand, when reducing the preload sufficiently to test the limits of the concept, the rotor first mode became unstable at 120 kRPM resulting in failure of the prototype. These results suggest that, provided a sufficient spring preload to prevent excessive relative motion, the blades can reach the desired radial displacements, removing the main constraint on ICT tip speed.

Amphipod biodiversity of shallow water in the Taranto seas (north-western Ionian Sea)

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Prato ◽  
F. Biandolino
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Gammarus Aequicauda ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
North Western

This study was carried out to determine the amphipod fauna in Mar Piccolo, Mar Grande and the Gulf of Taranto. Material in this study was obtained from 96 stations at different depths (maximum depth: −50 m) using various methods depending on the substrata. A total of 65 species was determined and 25 species are new records in the seas of Taranto. Microdeutopus gryllotalpa, Ericthonius brasiliensis, Monocorophium insidiosum, Elasmopus rapax, Gammarus aequicauda, Gammarus insensibilis, Leucothoe spinicarpa, Lysianassa costae and Pseudoprotella phasma were the dominant species and have been found in all areas considered. The comparison of the data shows that the area examined presents a high difference regarding biocenotic index. The highest number of species was collected in the Gulf with 1944 individuals, belonging to 58 species and 19 families, followed by Mar Grande with 1448 individuals belonging to 36 species and 11 families; finally Mar Piccolo with 698 individuals, 12 species and 6 families, in the First Inlet and 546 individuals, 18 species and 6 families, in the Second Inlet.

scholarly journals Computer Numerically Controlled Drawing Robot Based on Computer-Aided Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antor Mahamudul Hashan ◽  
Abdullah Haidari ◽  
Srishti Saha ◽  
Titas Paul
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Complex Circuits ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Aided Design

Due to the rapid development of technology, the use of numerically controlled machines in the industry is increasing. The main idea behind this paper is computer-aided design (CAD) based low-cost computer numerical control 2D drawing robot that can accurately draw complex circuits, diagrams, logos, etc. The system is created using open-source hardware and software, which makes it available at a low cost. The open-source LibreCAD application has been used for computer-aided design. Geometric data of a CAD model is converted to coordinate points using the python-based F-Engrave application. This system uses the Arduino UNO board as a signal generator of the universal g-code sender without compromising the performance. The proposed drawing robot is designed as a low-cost robot for educational purposes and aims to increase the student's interest in robotics and computer-aided design (CAD) skills to the next level. The drawing robot structure has been developed, and it meets the requirements of low cost with satisfactory experimental results.

Software Development Tools to Automate CAD/CAM Systems

2014 ◽  
pp. 190-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fountas ◽  
A. A. Krimpenis ◽  
N. M. Vaxevanidis
Keyword(s):  
Process Planning ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Product Lifecycle Management ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Manufacturing Software ◽  
Software Automation

In today’s modern manufacturing, software automation is crucial element for leveraging novel methodologies and integrate various engineering software environments such Computer aided design (CAD), Computer aided process planning (CAPP), or Computer aided manufacturing (CAM) with programming modules with a common and a comprehensive interface; thus creating solutions to cope with repetitive tasks or allow argument passing for data exchange. This chapter discusses several approaches concerning engineering software automation and customization by employing programming methods. The main focus is given to design, process planning and manufacturing since these phases are of paramount importance when it comes to product lifecycle management. For this reason, case studies concerning software automation and problem definition for the aforementioned platforms are presented mentioning the benefits of programming when guided by successful computational thinking and problem mapping.

scholarly journals ABGS: A System for the Automatic Generation of Building Information Models from Two-Dimensional CAD Drawings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6713
Author(s):  
Youngsoo Byun ◽  
Bong-Soo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Floor Plans

Building Information Modeling (BIM) refers to 3D-based digital modeling of buildings and infrastructure for efficient design, construction, and management. Governments have recognized and encouraged BIM as a primary method for enabling advanced construction technologies. However, BIM is not universally employed in industries, and most designers still use Computer-Aided Design (CAD) drawings, which have been used for several decades. This is because the initial costs for setting up a BIM work environment and the maintenance costs involved in using BIM software are substantially high. With this motivation, we propose a novel software system that automatically generates BIM models from two-dimensional (2D) CAD drawings. This is highly significant because only 2D CAD drawings are available for most of the existing buildings. Notably, such buildings can benefit from the BIM technology using our low-cost conversion system. One of the common problems in existing methods is possible loss of information that may occur during the process of conversion from CAD to BIM because they mainly focus on creating 3D geometric models for BIM by using only floor plans. The proposed method has an advantage of generating BIM that contains property information in addition to the 3D models by analyzing floor plans and other member lists in the input design drawings together. Experimental results show that our method can quickly and accurately generate BIM models from 2D CAD drawings.

An Augmented Reality Tool for Conceptual Design

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Koehring ◽  
Eliot Winer
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Engineering Software ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Design Cycle ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Comprehensive Modeling

Currently, there are many engineering software packages targeted toward high fidelity modeling. Computer aided design (CAD) tools are one example of this. The need for increasingly accurate models has caused this class of software to become even more detailed and comprehensive. Modeling a single design can be a time intensive process; so much so, that most modeling is done by specifically trained CAD professionals, not designers. These advancements in CAD software are at odds with the goal of conceptual design, which is to generate and evaluate as many concepts as possible in a limited amount of time. Within the engineering design process, changes made in preliminary stages have much greater impact for significantly less cost. Unfortunately, few software packages exist that are tailored for use so early in a product’s design cycle. This paper presents an application developed specifically for conceptual design. Through the use of an augmented reality environment, designers are able to quickly and intuitively assemble concepts. Potential designs can be easily manipulated in three dimensions, enhancing the ability to communicate the idea to others.

scholarly journals Computer Aided Design to Produce High-Detail Models through Low Cost Digital Fabrication for the Conservation of Aerospace Heritage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Saorín ◽  
Vicente Lopez-Chao ◽  
Jorge de la Torre-Cantero ◽  
Manuel Drago Díaz-Alemán
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Physical Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Aided Design

Aerospace heritage requires tools that allow its transfer and conservation beyond photographs and texts. The complexity of these engineering projects can be collected through digital graphic representation. Nevertheless, physical scale models provide additional information of high value when they involve full detailed information, for which the model in engineering was normally one more product of the manufacturing process, which entails a high cost. However, the standardization of digital fabrication allows the manufacture of high-detail models at low cost. For this reason, in this paper a case study of the graphic reengineering and planning stages for digital fabrication of a full-scale high-detail model (HDM) of the spatial instrument of the European Space Agency, named the Solar Orbiter mission Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (SO/PHI), is presented. After the analysis of this experience, seven stages of planning and graphic reengineering are proposed through collaborative work for the low cost digital manufacture of HDMs.

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