scholarly journals Forecast of the development of an emergency at hydraulic structures of the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032020
Author(s):  
A I Shakirova ◽  
A V Kochergin ◽  
O R Sitnikov ◽  
L N Gorina
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Degree Of Approximation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Degree

Abstract At present, a large number of hydraulic structures have been erected on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, which are classified as hydrodynamic hazardous facilities. Accidents at these facilities are sources of man-made emergencies. A number of hydraulic structures on the territory have been in operation without reconstruction for more than 70 years. The problem of ensuring the safety of hydraulic structures remains not fully understood and relevant today. Basically all hydraulic structures are located within or above settlements and are objects of increased risk. The consequences of a catastrophic flood can be aggravated by accidents at potentially dangerous facilities falling into its zone. The damage caused by such floods can amount to tens of millions of rubles. Incomplete destruction of the dam, when the safe operation of the structure is no longer possible, can lead to serious economic losses as a result of the cessation of energy production, hydraulic regulation and water collection in the reservoir. Careful monitoring is required in order to identify any possible emergencies. One of the solutions in this situation is the use of various methods for predicting emergency situations at hydraulic structures. In this regard, in the work, the authors have adapted a mathematical model based on Markov chains, which is distinguished by the efficiency of calculations and a high degree of approximation to statistical data. This model makes it possible to predict the state of hydraulic structures when the data on the water level and the volume of infiltration in the hydraulic structure changes. Based on the adapted model, the results of forecasting the water level for real hydraulic structures were obtained.

scholarly journals FORECASTING EMERGENCIES AT HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
E.V. Muravyeva ◽  
◽  
E.V. Arefieva ◽  
D.O. Kopytov ◽  
A.I. Shakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Degree Of Approximation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Republic

The article deals with the actual problem of emergencies at hydraulic structures. Since time immemorial, man has continuously developed various methods and techniques to take advantage of the benefits of water resources, as well as to protect himself from the ravages of water. Thus, on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, a large number of hydraulic structures were erected, which are classified as hydrodynamic hazardous facilities. Accidents at these facilities are sources of man-made emergencies. A number of hydraulic structures on the territory have been in operation without reconstruction for more than 70 years, and most of them are in disrepair. The problem of ensuring the safety of hydraulic structures remains not fully understood and relevant today. As a rule, basically all hydraulic structures are located within or above settlements and are objects of increased risk, since the destruction of dams can lead to an environmental disaster. Also, incomplete destruction of the dam, when the safe operation of the structure is no longer possible, can lead to serious economic losses as a result of the cessation of energy production, hydraulic regulation and water collection in the reservoir. Therefore, careful monitoring is required to identify any possible emergencies. One of the solutions in this situation is the use of various methods for predicting emergencies at hydraulic structures. In this regard, in the work, the authors adapted a mathematical model based on Markov chains, which is distinguished by the efficiency of calculations and a high degree of approximation to statistical data. This model makes it possible to predict the state of hydraulic structures when the data on the water level and the volume of seepage in the hydraulic structure changes. Based on the adapted model, the results of forecasting the water level for real hydraulic structures were obtained.

Vegetation of sandy coasts of Lake Baikal

2016 ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Тю Фю Dulepova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Relief Formation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

The aeolian processes play an important role in the relief formation under the semiarid conditions of the intermountain basins of Southern Siberia. Ancient sand landforms occur in different regions of Siberia — the Ob, Chuya, Аley, Yenisei, Аngara, Selenga, Chikoy, Khilok and Chara river valleys and Lake Baikal coasts. The sandy coasts of Lake Baikal are of great interest in terms of floristic diversity determined by a high degree of endemism. Despite centuries of study of the lake basin, sand vegetation is poorly described in the literature. This study presents an analysis of 184 relevés of psammophytic vegetation from the Republic of Buryatia (Severobaikalsky, Barguzinsky, Pribaikalsky districts) and Irkutsk region (Olkhon Island) obtained in 2009–2014.

СONTRIBUTION OF POLYMORPHIC VARIATION OF ТP53 AND XRCC1 GENES TO THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BREAST CANCER FOR WOMEN OF KYRGYZ AND BELARUSIAN NATIONALITY - A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MULTIFACTOR DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION METHODS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Nazira Aldasheva ◽  
Vyacheslav Kipen ◽  
Zhaynagul Isakova ◽  
Sergey Melnov ◽  
Raisa Smolyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
The Republic

Basing on Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction method we showed that polymorphic variants p.Q399R (rs25487, XRCC1) and p.P72R (rs1042522, TP53) correlated with increased risk of breast cancer for women from the Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Belarus. Cohort for investigation included patients with clinically verified breast cancer: 117 women from the Kyrgyz Republic (nationality - Kyrgyz) and 169 - of the Republic of Belarus (nationality - Belarusians). Group for comparison included (healthy patients without history of cancer pathology at the time of blood sampling) 102 patients from the Kyrgyz Republic, 185 - from the Republic of Belarus. Respectively genotyping of polymorphic variants p.Q399R (rs25487, XRCC1) and p.P72R (rs1042522, TP53) was done by PCR-RFLP. Analysis of the intergenic interactions conducted with MDR 3.0.2 software. Both ethnic groups showed an increase of breast cancer risk in the presence of alleles for SNPs Gln p.Q399R (XRCC1) in the heterozygous state: for the group “Kyrgyz” - OR=2,78 (95% CI=[1,60-4,82]), p=0,001; for the group “Belarusians” - OR=1,85 (95% СІ=[1Д1-2,82], p=0,004. Carriers with combination of alleles Gln (p.Q399R, XRCC1) and Pro (p.P72R, TP53) showed statistically significance increases of breast cancer risk as for patients from the Kyrgyz Republic (OR=2,89, 95% CI=[1,33-6,31]), so as for patients from the Republic of Belarus (OR=3,01, 95% CI=[0,79-11,56]).

scholarly journals Role of Camel Husbandry in Food Security of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Ayan Orazov ◽  
Liudmila Nadtochii ◽  
Kazybay Bozymov ◽  
Mariam Muradova ◽  
Araigul Zhumayeva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Food Security Indicators ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
High Degree

This paper examines the problem of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past 10 years. Based on statistical data, an assessment was made of the prevalence of malnutrition among the population of the country, including children under 5 years of age. There has been a trend towards for an improvement in the nutrition of the population for a few indicators; however, further optimization of food security indicators is required to achieve the goals of sustainable development (SDGs) of the FAO WHO Agenda for the period up to 2050 in Kazakhstan and in its individual regions. The paper reflects data on demographic changes over the past 10 years and its self-sufficiency in basic foods for 2019. A high degree of self-sufficiency in meat products (117.6%) is revealed in the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, self-sufficiency in dairy products is at an extremely low level (0.1%). Camel breeding has been successfully developing in the country over the past 10 years. However, the number of camels in the country is still at a low level. Camel milk can be considered as a great source of macronutrients, its daily consumption partially facilitates the problem of Food Security in Kazakhstan.

Clinical and genetic analysis of KATP variants with heart failure risk in patients with decreased serum ApoA-I levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Yanxian Lai ◽  
Jingxian Pei ◽  
Huiling Huang ◽  
Junfang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Channel Coupling ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Context Lower serum concentration of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is causally associated with heart failure (HF) risk. ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP), as a gating channel coupling vascular reactivity and metabolism with ischemic protection, become a new potential target of management for HF. The KATP gene sequence is highly polymorphic and high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Objective To determine whether ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) variants predict the risks of decreased ApoA-I concentration and its related HF. Design, Patients, Settings A total of 634 subjects, including 317 subjects with decreased ApoA-I concentration (< 120 mg/dL) and 317 counterpart subjects (≥ 120 mg/dL), were retrospectively selected. Methods 5 KATP variants were genotyped through MassARRAY platform. The exosome-derived microRNAs (exo-miRs) expression profiles were identified by next-generation sequencing, and the top 10 DE exo-miRs were verified using qPCR in a validation cohort of 240 subjects with decreased ApoA-I concentration. Results KATP rs141294036 was related to increased risk of lower ApoA-I levels (adjusted OR=1.95, P=0.002) and HF incidence (adjusted OR=2.38, P=0.009), especially HFpEF (adjusted OR=2.13, P=0.015). After median 48.6-months follow-up, participants carrying CC genotype of rs141294036 was associated with elevated HF re-hospitalization risk (adjusted HR=1.91, P=0.005). 36 exo-miRs were significantly differentially expressed between different genotypes of rs141294036 in subjects with lower ApoA-I levels, but only 5 exo-miRs (miR-31-5p, miR-126-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-378i and miR-181c-5p) were further confirmed. Conclusions The KATP rs141294036 was associated with increased risks of lower ApoA-I levels, HF incidence (especially HFpEF) and HF re-hospitalization, involving in those 5 confirmed exo-miRs and its related metabolic pathways.

Impactul activităților umane asupra stării peisajelor geografice din bazinul hidografic Cogâlnic în anii 2004-2014

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae Boboc ◽  
◽  
Valentina Munteanu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Degree

The high degree of land use in the Republic of Moldova as a whole, and the Cogâlnic river basin in particular, imposes the need to assess the quality of the environment and the characteristics of the anthropogenic pressure on the landscapes in temporal and spatial dynamics and to identifying an adequate of measure system for the purpose to maintain/restore the optimal structure and functioning of landscape systems. Based from the Land Cadastre on data, statistical data of population censuses, bibliographic and cartographic sources, a system, was appraised a system of indicators(of naturalness, of artificialization of landscapes, environmental changes) and quantified human pressure on the environment through agriculture and anthropogenic pressure on forest landscapes from the Cogâlnic catchment area. The values of the indices and the human pressure on the landscapes were processed using GIS techniques and elaborated cartographic models.

Impact of the Ebola epidemic on clinical outcomes of HIV-infected soldiers and their dependents in Sierra Leone

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nagel ◽  
Michael J Blackowicz ◽  
Foday Sahr ◽  
Olamide D Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment in Sierra Leone is unknown, especially for groups with higher HIV prevalence such as the military. Using a retrospective study design, clinical outcomes were evaluated prior to and during the epidemic for 264 HIV-infected soldiers of the Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF) and their dependents receiving HIV treatment at the primary RSLAF HIV clinic. Medical records were abstracted for baseline clinical data and clinic attendance. Estimated risk of lost to follow-up (LTFU), default, and number of days without antiretroviral therapy (DWA) were calculated using repeated measures general estimating equations adjusted for age and gender. Due to missing data, 262 patients were included in the final analyses. There was higher risk of LTFU throughout the Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone compared to the pre-Ebola baseline, with the largest increase in LTFU risk occurring at the peak of the epidemic (relative risk: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.22–4.67). There was an increased risk of default and DWA during the Ebola epidemic for soldiers but not for their dependents. The risk of LTFU, default, and DWA stabilized once the epidemic was largely resolved but remained elevated compared to the pre-Ebola baseline. Our findings demonstrate the negative and potentially lasting impact of the Ebola epidemic on HIV care in Sierra Leone and highlight the need to develop strategies to minimize disruptions in HIV care with future disease outbreaks.

scholarly journals International standards for combating money laundering with reference to the Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Radojica Lazić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Systems

Money laundering is increasingly becoming an issue of concern to the international community, as the states have realized that the harmonious activity of all international actors through the observance of the foreseen international standards is the most effective way of combating this type of crime. International documents have established a basic framework of activities for combating money laundering. This paper is focused on the analysis of the activities of international entities and their role in creating international standards in this field, as well as the impact of money laundering on various aspects of society and countries. In this connection, the paper first explains the international entities, then states their roles and all the most important international documents and then the results of the money laundering risk assessment in the Republic of Serbia with special emphasis on the criminal offenses with high degree threats for money laundering. Furthermore, it points to the importance of international entities and standards for the establishment of national systems that will be able to respond to the effects of money laundering and thereby create a successful financial system. Finally, the paper concludes that without the existence of international standards and activities of the international entities, appropriate conditions for effective combating of money laundering cannot be created, thereby providing more favorable conditions for the free flow of people and capital, as well as easier management of financial systems.

scholarly journals Financial-credit sector in socioeconomic development strategy of the Republic of Azerbaijan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Leyla Mirgamishli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Financial Credit ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Modern Technologies

Given the high degree of openness of the Azerbaijani economy and the sensitivity of national banks to global challenges, the Strategic Road Map on the development of financial services was developed and introduced in 2016 in the Republic. The project was created taking into account the principles of modern technologies: financial inclusion; digital information support; protection of the rights of consumers of banking services; etc. The project implementation led to the modernization of the financial and credit sector of the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the introduction of modern operating systems in various segments of financial institutions.

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