scholarly journals Polymer waste safe disposal by incineration in electrostatic field

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042063
Author(s):  
I A Zyryanov ◽  
A P Pozolotin ◽  
A G Budin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Waste Combustion ◽  
Field Influence

Abstract Polymer waste disposal of is one of the most pressing problems of our time. The incineration method is widespread, but it has its drawbacks. Problems during the polymer waste combustion, which include low combustion efficiency, combustion products toxicity, significantly reduce the possibility of waste disposal incinerators using. In this regard, the work considers the use of an electrostatic field to optimize the combustion process. Experimental studies of the electrostatic field influence on the substances difficult for disposal (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, rubber) combustion have been carried out. The possibility of increasing the polymer waste combustion rate, flame temperature, and combustion efficiency is shown.

Assessment of the Operational Performance of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic-Paraffinic Kerosene in a T63 Gas Turbine Compared to Conventional Jet A-1 Fuel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Bester ◽  
Andy Yates
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Exit Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Combustor Liner

The performance implications of operating on Synthetic-Paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) were investigated using a RR-Allison T63-A-700 Model 250-C18 B gas turbine and compared to conventional Jet A-1. The SPK was aromatic–free and possessed a greater hydrogen/carbon ratio than petroleum derived Jet A-1. The variation in aromatic content had several implications with respect to soot and NOx emissions. Reduced aromatics also implied a reduction in the radiative heat transfer to the combustor liner. A simple model was used to explore the effect of H/C ratio on the adiabatic flame temperature, the combustor exit temperature and the engine efficiency via the impact on the gas properties and these were compared to the experimental data. It was found that operation with SPK changed directionally toward improving energy extraction via a turbine and an overall efficiency gain of about 1.2% was attained with operation on SPK through increased combustion efficiency, a reduction in liner pressure loss and an improvement in the combustion products properties. A modified combustion liner was fitted to enable the thermal loading on the combustor liner to be investigated and the expected trend with the SPK fuel was confirmed and quantified.

IGNITION CONDITIONS OF A SINGLE BORON PARTICLE IN HOT GAS FLOW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Ermolaev ◽  
◽  
A. V. Zaitsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Combustion Models ◽  
Boron Particle ◽  
Boron Particles

The basic experimental studies on boron combustion are done with the same general scheme of the experiment. Boron particles are injected into flat-flame burner products with the help of the transporting jet of cold nitrogen. Boron particle combustion process is registered with a number of optical methods. It is proposed that boron particle is injected into the main hot gas flow instantly, combustion takes place at the flame temperature and predefined oxygen concentration, and the influence of the transporting cold nitrogen jet is ignored. Recent combustion models are based mostly on this type of experiments and characterized with high complexity and low prediction level. In our study, we reconstruct the particle injection conditions for several basic experimental papers. It is shown that in all experimental setups, ignition, combustion, and even total particle burnout take place in the wake of the cold nitrogen jet. This zone is characterized with a much lower gas temperature and oxygen concentration than the main flat burner flow. The total temperature decrease can be about several hundred degrees, oxygen concentration can be 30%-50% lower than that used in the previous analysis of the experimental results. The temperatures of ignition and transition to the second stage of combustion are found with the help of the test particle trajectory and temperature tracking. It is shown that analysis of the influence of boron particles injection on gas temperature and oxygen concentration is mandatory for the development of future combustion models.

Study of Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol at Different Dilution With the Carrier Gas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binash Imteyaz ◽  
Mohamed A. Habib
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Conventional Combustion ◽  
Gas Volume

With the ever rising concern of global warming, carbon capture is gaining the reputation of one of the most challenging fields of research. A very promising technology to capture CO2 is oxy-combustion. Oxy-combustion offers several advantages over conventional combustion technologies, such as flue gas volume reduction, high combustion efficiency, low fuel consumption and significant reduction in NOx emissions. Liquid fuel is available and it is the most widely used source of energy in the world. Easy handling and transportation, less storage volume and higher flame temperature are some of the features of liquid fuel which give it an upper hand over other sources. In this study, an experimental work on oxygen enriched combustion of ethanol in a vertical reactor by Lacas F. et. al. has been modeled numerically. Non-premixed model using Probability Density Function has been incorporated to simulate the combustion process of ethanol droplets. Predicted combustion characteristics are found to be in good compliance with the experimental data. In addition to this, effects of dilution of carbon-dioxide in oxygen on the flame properties have also been presented. Combustion of ethanol in oxygen-carbon dioxide environment has been compared with that of the conventional air environment.

Study of Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol at Different Dilution With the Carrier Gas

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binash Imteyaz ◽  
Mohamed A. Habib
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Probability Density Function Pdf

With the ever-rising concern of global warming, carbon capture is gaining the reputation of one of the most challenging fields of research. A very promising technology to capture CO2 is oxy-combustion. Oxy-combustion offers several advantages over conventional combustion technologies, such as flue–gas volume reduction, high combustion efficiency, low fuel consumption, and significant reduction in NOx emissions. Liquid fuel is available and it is the most widely used source of energy in the world. Easy handling and transporting, less storage volume and higher flame temperature are some of the features of liquid fuel which give it an upper hand over other sources. In this study, an experimental work on oxygen enriched combustion of ethanol in a vertical reactor by Lacas et al. (2005, “Experimental Study of Air Dilution in Oxy-Liquid Fuel Flames,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 30(2), pp. 2037–2045) has been modeled numerically. Nonpremixed model using probability density function (PDF) has been incorporated to simulate the combustion process of ethanol droplets. Predicted combustion characteristics are found to be in good compliance with the experimental data. In addition to this, effects of dilution of carbon dioxide in oxygen on the flame properties have also been presented. Combustion of ethanol in oxygen–carbon dioxide environment has been compared with that of the conventional air environment.

Influence of the distribution of fuel supply in a double-circuit burner on the concentration of harmful substances in combustion products

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
A.V. Baklanov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Harmful Substances

The design of a double-circuit burner of a low-emission combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine working on natural gas is considered. The distribution of the fuel supply in the double-circuit burner is investigated and its influence on the emissions of harmful substances is determined. Bench equipment, features of experimental studies of the concentration of gas mixture components in combustion products and calculations of the fuel combustion efficiency are presented. The ratio of fuel consumption along the circuits at a minimum concentration of nitrogen oxides and maximum combustion efficiency of carbon oxide in combustion products is determined. Keywords: double-circuit burner, low-emission combustion chamber, experiment, fuel, combustion efficiency, combustion products, nitrogen oxides. [email protected]

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OCCURRENCE DURING BIOMASS COMBUSTION PROCESS

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1555-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionel Pisa ◽  
Gheorghe Lazaroiu ◽  
Corina Radulescu ◽  
Lucian Mihaescu
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biomass Combustion

scholarly journals Combustion Optimization for Coal Fired Power Plant Boilers Based on Improved Distributed ELM and Distributed PSO

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinying Xu ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Mifeng Ren ◽  
Lan Cheng ◽  
Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Coupling Characteristics ◽  
Learning Machine ◽  
Combustion Optimization

Increasing the combustion efficiency of power plant boilers and reducing pollutant emissions are important for energy conservation and environmental protection. The power plant boiler combustion process is a complex multi-input/multi-output system, with a high degree of nonlinearity and strong coupling characteristics. It is necessary to optimize the boiler combustion model by means of artificial intelligence methods. However, the traditional intelligent algorithms cannot deal effectively with the massive and high dimensional power station data. In this paper, a distributed combustion optimization method for boilers is proposed. The MapReduce programming framework is used to parallelize the proposed algorithm model and improve its ability to deal with big data. An improved distributed extreme learning machine is used to establish the combustion system model aiming at boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emission. The distributed particle swarm optimization algorithm based on MapReduce is used to optimize the input parameters of boiler combustion model, and weighted coefficient method is used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem (boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emissions). According to the experimental analysis, the results show that the method can optimize the boiler combustion efficiency and NOx emissions by combining different weight coefficients as needed.

scholarly journals Combustion Thermodynamics of Ethanol, n-Heptane, and n-Butanol in a Rapid Compression Machine with a Dual Direct Injection (DDI) Supply System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2729
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Pielecha ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki ◽  
Maciej Sidorowicz ◽  
Dariusz Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Rapid Compression Machine ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Rapid Compression

The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibility of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide and exhaust components into the atmosphere. An innovative double direct injection system was used as a method for forming a mixture in the combustion chamber. The tests were carried out with the use of gasoline, ethanol, n-heptane, and n-butanol during combustion in a model test engine—the rapid compression machine (RCM). The analyzed combustion process indicators included the cylinder pressure, pressure increase rate, heat release rate, and heat release value. Optical tests of the combustion process made it possible to analyze the flame development in the observed area of the combustion chamber. The conducted research and analyses resulted in the observation that it is possible to control the excess air ratio in the direct vicinity of the spark plug just before ignition. Such possibilities occur as a result of the properties of the injected fuels, which include different amounts of air required for their stoichiometric combustion. The studies of the combustion process have shown that the combustible mixtures consisting of gasoline with another fuel are characterized by greater combustion efficiency than the mixtures composed of only a single fuel type, and that the influence of the type of fuel used is significant for the combustion process and its indicator values.

scholarly journals Effects of Catalysts on Emissions of Pollutants from Combustion Processes of Liquid Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bok ◽  
Joanna Guziałowska-Tic ◽  
Wilhelm Jan Tic
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Combustion Processes

Abstract The dynamic growth of the use of non-renewable fuels for energy purposes results in demand for catalysts to improve their combustion process. The paper describes catalysts used mainly in the processes of combustion of motor fuels and fuel oils. These catalysts make it possible to raise the efficiency of oxidation processes simultanously reducing the emission of pollutants. The key to success is the selection of catalyst compounds that will reduce harmful emissions of combustion products into the atmosphere. Catalysts are introduced into the combustion zone in form of solutions miscible with fuel or with air supplied to the combustion process. The following compounds soluble in fuel are inclused in the composition of the described catalysts: organometallic complexes, manganese compounds, salts originated from organic acids, ferrocen and its derivatives and sodium chloride and magnesium chloride responsible for burning the soot (chlorides). The priority is to minimize emissions of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, and carbon monoxide, as well as particulate matter.

Study the Effect of Air Pulsation on the Flame Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Magdy ◽  
M. M. Kamal ◽  
Ashraf M. Hamed ◽  
Ahmed Eldein Hussin ◽  
Walid Aboelsoud Torky
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Turbulent Kinetic Energy ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Pulsating Flames ◽  
Flow Variables ◽  
Air Pulsation

Pulsating combustion is used in a lot of industrial applications like conveyer drying, spray, boilers of commercial scale because its great role in increasing combustion efficiency and producing environmentally friendly combustion products. This paper evaluates how different frequencies (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500) rad/s applied to air velocity view a lot of improvements in the combustion and flow variables (v, T, NO and turbulent kinetic energy) and the effect of adding cross excess air to air pulsation with 500 rad/s frequency on the same flow variables. The performance of pulsating flames was numerically modulated by using Ansys Fluent 16 commercial package by building a 2D combustion chamber of Harwell standard furnace boundary condition on Ansys geometry and divided it into 61000 elements in Ansys meshing 16. Eddy Dissipation Model (EDM) is used to solve transient numerical combustion equations and Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) as viscous model. Converged numerical results have shown that increasing frequency from 100 to 500 rad/s increase average velocities of combustion products and turbulent kinetic energy by 22% and 80 respectively. The pollutant NO decrease by 60% and the time average temperature decrease from 1900 k to 1000 k.

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