scholarly journals Drying Machines with Combined Hydrodynamic Regimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1199 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
N Artyukhova ◽  
J Krmela ◽  
V Krmelová ◽  
A Artyukhov
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Optimization Calculation ◽  
Polydisperse Material ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
Minimum Residence Time ◽  
Dispersed Material ◽  
Free Area

Abstract The article is devoted to the study of multistage dryers with vertical sectioning of the working space. The factors of influence of the design of the shelf contact and the consumption of the drying agent on the mode of movement of monodisperse and polydisperse material are analyzed. The achievement of the required hydrodynamic regime (at a constant consumption of the drying agent) was ensured by changing the length of the shelf contact, the angle of its inclination to the horizon, and the degree of perforation (free area of cross-section). The features of changing the mode of granular material movement at various stages of the gravitational shelf dryer are shown. A technique for the optimization calculation of a gravitational shelf dryer is proposed. As an objective function, the minimum residence time of the dispersed material in the dryer is taken, at which the required amount of moisture is removed. Variants of the designs of the stages of a gravitational shelf dryer are shown and the features of the movement of dispersed material on the steps are described. The results obtained can be used as the basis for the engineering design of gravitational shelf dryers.

Mathematical maximisation of minimum residence time for two strand continuous caster

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. de Kock ◽  
K. J. Craig ◽  
C. A. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Continuous Caster ◽  
Minimum Residence Time

Knowledge flow in engineering design: An ontological framework

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Nan Zhang ◽  
Ze-Lin Liu ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
You-Bai Xie
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Ontological Framework

Engineering design is a structured and systematic process of finding solutions to meet certain requirements. Research in this field has focused heavily on developing more effective and efficient product realization process models. Today’s engineering design has become a knowledge intensive and collaborative process, requiring multidisciplinary design knowledge. Therefore, the modeling of knowledge flow plays a key role in determining a successful design alternative, which provides valuable insights into design problems for designers. This article proposes an ontological framework, purpose-function-working space-structure-behavior (PFWSB) for knowledge representation and knowledge flow based design process modeling. An illustrative case is also presented to demonstrate how to use the proposed framework to represent engineering design knowledge and describe the knowledge flow between decision makers during a design process. The results show that this framework can help designers capture the flow of knowledge in engineering design process more effectively.

scholarly journals Development of Software for Calculating of the Vortex Fluidized Bed Granulator

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Artem Artyukhov ◽  
Viktor Obodiak ◽  
Pavlo Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Vortex Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Optimization Calculation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The article is devoted to the development of software for calculating the hydrodynamic conditions and kinetic characteristics of granulation process in vortex devices. In the basis software Vortex Granulator© and Classification in vortex flow© original mathematical model for calculating the flow rate of gas and granules classification and separation processes of granules in a vortex granulator, kinetics of granules heating and removing moisture from the granules was put. The structure of software and algorithm of their work is shown. In the article, an algorithm for calculation of the granulation process in the vortex granulator using the developed software is shown. Software designed in JavaFx platform. Vortex Granulator© and Classification in vortex flow© allow to conduct an optimization calculation of vortex granulator according the criteria of minimum required residence time of granules in device workspace.

scholarly journals Modelling of optimum cascade of ideal mixing reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
German Efremov ◽  
Julia Geller
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Programming ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Dynamic Programming Method ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Single Application ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Minimum Residence Time ◽  
Method Of Dynamic Programming

It is discussed the using of dynamic programming method to optimize the parameters of the cascade of ideal mixing reactors, which is held isothermal first order reaction. It is found, that the minimum volume of the cascade of reactors corresponds to the minimum residence time of substance in this cascade. The optimum value of residence time for all reactors are equal and all ratio of input and output concentrations are equal, hence, and all volumes of reactors are also equal. A total volume of the cascade of reactors is less than the amount single. Application of the method of dynamic programming is illustrated with an example of the calculation of the polymerization in a cascade of four reactors according to the literature experimental data.

scholarly journals Research on Automatic Profile Generation Based on 3D Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Mingwen Chi
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Coordinate Transformation ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Model Design ◽  
3D Geological Model ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Profile Position

Abstract In this paper, the technology of profile generation based on 3D model is studied. The main steps are as follows: (1) the location where the profile needs to be generated in 3D model design; (2) Using 3D data cutting technology to realize the generation of geological lines in profile; (3) Read the basic exploration data related to profile position in the database; (4) According to the data generated in the first three steps, the cross-section is automatically drawn after data coordinate transformation. The above method can quickly generate the geological profile of any location according to the 3D geological model, which is helpful for geological analysis and provides reference data for engineering design.

Application of numerical and physical modeling in designing of an X-ray luminescence separator intended for separation of ores containing luminescent minerals

2022 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
D.N. Shibaeva ◽  
B.A. Vlasov ◽  
P.A. Shumilov ◽  
S.V. Tereshchenko ◽  
V.V. Bulatov
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Material Handling System ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Additional Element ◽  
Handling System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Handling Device

The paper demonstrates the application of numerical and physical modeling to justify the design of the X-ray fluorescence separator’s material handling system. The Rocky DEM software package is a numerical modeling tool that uses the discrete element method as a mathematical apparatus. In order to increase the efficiency of the X-ray luminescence separation, the authors suggest including an additional element in the separator’s material handling system, i.e., a drum spreader that combines a handling device and an actuating mechanism. It was found out that the best loading of the drum spreader cells, in which the number of several pieces in one cell is reduced by at least 15%, is provided by a Vibrating feeder conveyor with a triangular cross-section of the profiled part of the tray compared with the tray of parabolic cross-section. In addition, the triangular section provides a double decrease in the number of pieces with rotational movement around their axes and, accordingly, an increase of at least 5% in the average velocity of the ore flow movement along the tray. The simulation of the material handling system has shown the need to reduce the height of the end partition of the drum spreader between the cells to 45 mm, which eliminates the collision of ore pieces with the partition and subsequently, their movement in the direction of rotation of the drum spreader on its outer surface, as well as the unpredictable escape of the ore pieces beyond the working space of the separator.

History of the endangered thread-leaved sundew (Drosera filiformis) in southern Nova Scotia

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Landry ◽  
Les C Cwynar
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Plant Macrofossil ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Macrofossil Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Minimum Residence Time ◽  
Plant Macrofossil Analysis

We used the techniques of plant macrofossil analysis and radiocarbon dating to determine the minimum residence time of the endangered thread-leaved sundew (Drosera filiformis Raf.) in three bogs of southern Nova Scotia. The minimum residence times are 4240 cal. year BP for Swain's Road Bog, 2050 cal. year BP for Villagedale Bog, and very recent (modern radiocarbon age) for Port La Tour Bog, indicating that the species has likely been in the region for the past 4240 years. Analysis of nearby Old School Road Bog, which lacks D. filiformis today, failed to find any evidence that it formerly occurred there, suggesting that it may not have been more widespread in the past than it is today.Key words: Drosera filiformis, thread-leaved sundew, plant macrofossil analysis, radiocarbon dating, bogs, minimum residence time.

Laboratory Simulation of a Factory Extrusion Process by the Die Swell Tester

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noboru Tokita
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Die Swell ◽  
Operation Temperature ◽  
D Values

Abstract The simulation principle (scaling) of the tire tubing process was studied by the “Die Swell Tester”. It was found that once the following three conditions were established, the die swells (ratio of extrudate to die cross section) of factory tubed extrudate were identical to lab scale DS results: namely, (1) same operation temperature, (2) same residence time in die, and (3) same ratio of die length to die diameter (L/D). In order to obtain the same L/D values between the complicated die shape of a factory tuber and the circular die of the DST, it is shown that the hydraulic radii (area/perimeters) must be kept the same. The correlation coefficient between factory extrudate properties and DST values was 99.6%. On the contrary, the Mooney torque ML1 + 4 values did not correlate with the die swell properties of the factory extrudates. Cold shrinkage of cut lengths of factory extrudates was simulated by the use of an extension control attachment to the DST. The theoretical analysis of potential recovery was established using die swell values and the stretch ratios. A good correlation between potential recovery (or total stretch) and cold shrinkage was obtained in both factory and laboratory samples.

scholarly journals INCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CONTACT DEVICES OF THE DISTILLATION AND RECTIFICATION PLANTS AND DEGREE OF BIOETHANOL PURIFICATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Bulii ◽  
O. M. Obodovych
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Absolute Alcohol ◽  
Heating Steam ◽  
Contact Devices ◽  
Fusel Oils

The aim of the work was a study the energy efficiency of the heads and fusels concentrating column and beer still, the degree of purification of ethanol in the process of the separation of light fraction and the efficiency of the process of а beer distillation by increasing residence time of the liquid on the trays for contact with the vapor. The technology of rectification with controlled cycles of fluid retention on the stages of the contact and its overflow without mixing to the adjacent trays is proposed. For implementing the method the experimental column was equipped with scaly trays with coaxial arrangement of scales, which excluded the linearity of the fluid motion. The overflow holes of each tray is alternately opened and closed by movable valves associated with the driving mechanism in accordance with the controller program. Change the cross-section of the trays at 45-50 % resulted in an immediate reduction of rate of vapor and provided the spilled liquid through the overflow hole and the gap of scales. Due to this time the overflow was reduced from 5 to 2 seconds. It was studied that the increasing of the residence time of the beer on the trays to 12 seconds can increase the concentration of alcohol in beer distillate by 28 % in comparison with the standard columns. The coaxial arrangement of scales eliminates the possibility of formation of stagnant zones and burning of suspended particles of a beer. Specific consumption of heating steam to the process distillation not exceed 16 kg/dl of absolute alcohol of a beer. In the process of the separation of light fractions with the fluid retention on trays to 20 seсonds a degree of extraction of aldehydes, higher alcohols of fusel oils and methyl alcohol grew on average by 30 %, the multiplicity of concentration of light and intermediate impurities increased by 32 %. The consumption of heating steam for the distillation process was reduced to 14 kg/dl of absolute alcohol. To increase the efficiency of contact devices, it is advisable to prolong the residence time of the liquid on the trays until close to the equilibrium state of phases, and to provide overflow of liquid without mixing to the adjacent trays, to use trays with full compensation of co-current and alternating cross-section.

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