scholarly journals Lighting Solutions to Improve the Valorisation and Fruition of the Parque del Retiro in Madrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022083
Author(s):  
Davide Carleo ◽  
Martina Gargiulo ◽  
Michelangelo Scorpio ◽  
Giovanni Ciampi ◽  
Luigi Corniello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Weekly Schedule ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Green Areas

Abstract The lighting design of public spaces, and in particular of green areas, is becoming a growing interest in the contemporary culture, as more and more people are starting to enjoy cities at nighttime. In this study, the lighting design for two main areas of the Parque del Retiro in Madrid (Spain), the Puerta de España and the Paseo de las Estatuas de Reyes, is discussed. Two different lighting scenarios have been designed by means of the software DIALux evo, the first one with the aim of maximise the lighting effect and the second one with the aim to optimize the energy consumption while still allowing for the enhancement of the key characteristics of the two areas. A combined lighting design solution, obtained by using the two scenarios in a weekly schedule, allowed to achieve adequate levels of illumination, an improvement in the feeling of safety in visitors while optimizing energy consumption.

Experience of Design and Plastic Light Environment Modelling. Part 1 Space and Light, Urban Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Marina A. Sokolova ◽  
Natalya V. Bystryantseva ◽  
Marina A. Silkina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Experience Of Inclusion

The paper is devoted to the history of cooperation between the Department of Architectural Environment Design of the Moscow Architectural Institute and the ITMO University international educational program “Lighting Design”. It reveals the experience of inclusion into the educational process of the ITMO University international educational program “Lighting Design” of a lecture-practical unit dedicated to the modern principles concerning the lighting instruments operation in urban spaces of various sizes and purposes, as well as familiarizing with the basics of urban planning and urban development, types of open public spaces cities and components of urban fabric. The paper discusses a technique for modelling the compositional interaction between light and an urban tissue fragment, taking into account the peculiarities on the light instruments work in urban space characterized by various scales and typology, urban environment of various nature and compositional arrangement. In the process of work, students gained experience in identifying the structure and geometry of public spaces in the urban tissue, creating light routes and scenarios, and forming a system of light dominants. Conclusions are made about the significance of the design-plastic light modelling results and their influence on the design concept formation; the need to correlate the light-composition design search and the urban lighting components of various levels, as well as the meaning of lighting parameters such as the distribution of brightness and direction of luminance flux, the features of diffused and directional light and other components that affect human perception in order to create a multimodal design solution.

Effects of surface reflectance and lighting design strategies on energy consumption and visual comfort

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Makaremi ◽  
Samuele Schiavoni ◽  
Anna L. Pisello ◽  
Franco Cotana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Surface Reflectance ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Design Strategies

Globally, artificial lighting accounts for a considerable part of electrical energy consumption in buildings. Hence, there is a need to design appropriate lighting scenarios for buildings in a way to reduce energy while meeting visual comfort requirements. This research aims to investigate the effects of applying different design strategies on lighting energy use and visual comfort level. Surface finishing reflectance, type, number and mounting height of luminaires are variables in the study. Lighting design software DIALux evo 7.0 provides simulations of a real scale room according to different scenarios whose models were calibrated and validated using experimental field data. The findings indicate that the type of luminaire is the most decisive parameter in quantity and quality of light in an indoor environment. However, increasing the indoor surface reflectance plays a key role in improving energy efficiency and visual comfort. The results show the possibility of electrical energy savings up to 45% by increasing surface reflectance properties. Finally, this paper stresses that there is no single design solution to guarantee both low energy demand and high visual quality, therefore integrating different strategies based on the type of task and the occupant’s activities is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Multimedia John Paul II park – conceptual project of an educational path in the district of Czuby in Lublin

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Margot Dudkiewicz ◽  
Monika Kowalczyk ◽  
Cyprian Moryc
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
John Paul Ii ◽  
Urban Green Areas ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Educational Path ◽  
Active Recreation

Urban green areas are an important element of urban public spaces. They enable users to be in touch with nature, relax and provide a space for active recreation. Dry valleys and ravines are the place where the best design solution – in order to preserve the natural character of vegetation and terrain, and meet the recreational and leisure needs of residents – is to create a park or to introduce individual walking paths. The paper presents a conceptual design for the development of the St. John Paul II Park together with the program of educational path concerning the figure of the Polish Pope.

Using the potential of peripheral green areas of cities for educational and recreational purposes on the example of Stary Sącz, Nowy Targ and Kraków

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kulig ◽  
Anna Przeniczny ◽  
Piotr Ogórek
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Green Areas

AbstractGreen areas located on the peripheries of cities have the potential to become green public spaces not only of recreational but also educational character, promoting at the same time the knowledge about environmental protection. The cities included in the research belong to the małopolskie voivodeship (Lesser Poland voivodeship). With the use of geospatial data of land cover, as well as territorial forms of environmental protection, it was pointed that 48.4% of forest, wooded and shrub green areas located within city borders are covered by a form of environmental protection, thus being a valuable resource of significant nature potential. Making such spaces available in a conscious and attractive way is presented on the example of projects implemented in the cities of: Stary Sącz, Nowy Targ and Kraków. The presented projects were used to make recommendations for city authorities to create green public spaces.

scholarly journals Ohmic Heating in the Food Industry: Developments in Concepts and Applications during 2013–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2507
Author(s):  
Zina T. Alkanan ◽  
Ammar B. Altemimi ◽  
Asaad R. S. Al-Hilphy ◽  
Dennis G. Watson ◽  
Anubhav Pratap-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ohmic Heating ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Microbial Inactivation ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Comparable Performance

Various technologies have been evaluated as alternatives to conventional heating for pasteurization and sterilization of foods. Ohmic heating of food products, achieved by passage of an alternating current through food, has emerged as a potential technology with comparable performance and several advantages. Ohmic heating works faster and consumes less energy compared to conventional heating. Key characteristics of ohmic heating are homogeneity of heating, shorter heating time, low energy consumption, and improved product quality and food safety. Energy consumption of ohmic heating was measured as 4.6–5.3 times lower than traditional heating. Many food processes, including pasteurization, roasting, boiling, cooking, drying, sterilization, peeling, microbiological inhibition, and recovery of polyphenol and antioxidants have employed ohmic heating. Herein, we review the theoretical basis for ohmic treatment of food and the interaction of ohmic technology with food ingredients. Recent work in the last seven years on the effect of ohmic heating on food sensory properties, bioactive compound levels, microbial inactivation, and physico-chemical changes are summarized as a convenient reference for researchers and food scientists and engineers.

scholarly journals Contemporary culture of parenting: Pedagogical implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-39
Author(s):  
Biljana Bodroski-Spariosu ◽  
Mirjana Senic-Ruzic
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

The possibility of improving parenting practice in raising children became a very popular topic in the scientific literature during the last few decades. The focus is on raising children at an early age and the problem is thematised primarily from the psy discourse point of view. Within this framework, a modern parenting culture is established, which reduces family upbringing to dyadic parent-child interactions outside the context of social structures and values. The aim of this paper is a critical analysis of the pedagogical implications of contemporary parenting culture, considering two key characteristics. The first refers to the conceptualisation of parenting as a depersonalised individual competence. Raising children is understood as an individual competence of achieving predefined outcomes of child development, which neglects the complexity of education both as an intergenerational and as a personal relationship. Another characteristic is the scientification of parenting in the sense of referring to the evidence of empirical scientific research and relying on the so-called parental determinism model. Raising children is becoming a scientific endeavour, and parenting is the most important ?profession? that shapes the future of the child and society. Neglecting the socio-historical dimension of education in terms of structural and ethical frameworks, articulated by the context and the goal of upbringing, makes the pedagogical voice irrelevant in the contemporary culture of parenting.

scholarly journals Post-pandemic scenarios and design strategies for public spaces transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Galluzo ◽  
Ambra Borin
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Collective Interest ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Urban Transformations

Almost two years later of a pandemic condition, one thing is sure: the pandemic will change permanently the world and its systems. Nowadays, the reflection on public space is crucial within a more sustainable and inclusive development at urban scale, amplified also by the ongoing experience of the pandemic that still presents. Public space is a real opportunity to test new urban and social models, thus becoming a principal catalyst for positive changes in the entire urban context. It is therefore necessary to re-establish a relationship between the public space and its inhabitants, providing a system of proximity by highlighting the human and non-human dimensions and consequently connecting services, relationships, and opportunities. Acting in public space is the first step in the development of innovative urban transformations, generated by collaborative phenomena working in the collective interest. The use of participatory practices within the design processes favors the reconnection between people and territory, generating a shared sense of belonging that leads to taking care of one's own places. The reversibility of the intervention and its adaptability are key characteristics that allow experimenting with new ways of experiencing public spaces and responding to unforeseen experiences, thus accommodating the inevitable changes in society. This scientific contribution aims to set forward distinctive points of view on the planning strategies implemented in the pandemic and post-pandemic period to achieve intelligent transformations on a small and large urban scale with an impact from short to long-term; hence shaping the future cities.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Lighting Design Criteria: Cost-Effective Solutions in an Industrial Environment

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Agraz ◽  
John Maneri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Light Levels

The continual rising cost of energy, existing outdated lighting technology, and inefficient lighting designs have given property owners the opportunity to improve their facilities by retrofitting their existing luminaires with an energy efficient lighting system. A lighting retrofit uses the existing electrical infrastructure to replace, relocate, or convert existing luminaires with the latest generation of cost-effective components. New lighting technology has emerged within the last 6 years that generates energy savings of 40% to 50% while maintaining existing light levels. These upgraded and field-tested solutions lower energy consumption, generate a healthy financial return on investment, and can improve both the quality and quantity of light in the task area. As with any other solution, a cost-effective lighting system must be designed and engineered carefully to accommodate the needs of each work space. Simply installing a new lamp into an existing luminaire will not necessarily guarantee substantial energy savings or an improved lighting environment. In any space that uses electric lighting, the lighting designer must evaluate potential solutions for energy consumption, maintenance concerns, delivered light levels, hostile environments, and the overall economic impact of installing and long-term operation of the new system. In this paper, the author will discuss energy efficient lighting design criteria and how a lighting designer properly engineers a retrofit project to deliver energy savings without sacrificing light levels. The discussion includes a summary of both traditional and emerging technologies, and the long-term impact on energy consumption, maintenance, return on investment, lighting quality, and delivered light levels. Paper published with permission.

EVOLUTION AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEN PUBLIC SPACES IN KRASNOYARSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Popkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Role

One of the criteria for a comfortable ecologically clean urban environment is access to green spaces, their number and quality in any given city. Public green spaces play an important socio-cultural role in the context of active and passive recreation of citizens, various types of recreational activities. The relevance of this study is due to increased attention to the formation of open public spaces in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The purpose of this work is to trace the evolution and identify the social and cultural significance of the green public spaces in Krasnoyarsk. The objectives of the research are to study the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk in a historical retrospective, analyze the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk from the point of view of their ecological significance, recreational use. Research methods included literature review on the topic, analysis of historical data, field survey of the territory, long-term observation, photographic recording, comparative retrospective analysis, and graphic-analytical method. The study captures the most common types of public green spaces and their role in creating a comfortable urban environment. It traces in the most detail the evolution and cultural significance of the most important historical green spaces in Krasnoyarsk: the City Garden (now the Central Park), Yudinsky Garden, Krutovsky Garden. These examples show that gardens and parks can be formed both on the basis of the natural environment of urban forests, and artificially created by the efforts of citizens, that over time they can undergo various quantitative and qualitative, planning and functional transformations. Despite the transformations that have taken place, all the studied historical objects still exist and are used for their intended purpose. In addition to these historical green areas, we examine the newly organized public green spaces with a cultural and recreational component over the past decades: Tatyshev Park, All-season Fun-Park Bobrovy Log, Flora and Fauna Park Roev Ruchey, Dream Gardens and others. The article notes the importance of municipal, public and private initiatives in the organization of local green areas. The analysis allows us to assert that there is a certain system of public green spaces in Krasnoyarsk. It has disadvantages, such as an uneven distribution of green areas throughout the city, lack of interconnections between individual elements, aging of certain areas of greenery, and the complete destruction of some. Nevertheless, the city authorities, architects, designers and the general public make great effort to create a green framework for Krasnoyarsk destined to have an important recreational and cultural role.

Energy demand estimates in large Russian cities and its biometeorological characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iya Belova ◽  
Liudmila Krivenok ◽  
Sergy Dokukin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Temperature Range

<p>To estimate the energy amount needed to heat indoor living and public spaces, the heating degree day (HDD) parameter is applied. This is the most common climatic indicator of energy consumption for the building heating, which is calculated for a certain period of the year by summing the absolute deviations of the average daily ambient temperature from the selected base temperature. However, human biometeorological sensitivity is based not only on the ambient temperature, but on a combination of temperature, humidity, and wind speed.</p><p>We have conducted a comparative analysis of the climatic and biometeorological characteristics of the regions including the largest Russian cities. For the effective ambient temperature range of 17.2 to 21.7⁰C (comfort zone), we have calculated changes in the comfort zone for Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnodar, Novosibirsk, and Vladivostok according to data from 1959 to the present. Despite all climate differences between regions with selected cities, allowance for wind speed leads to a decrease in the number of days with temperature within the comfort zone.</p><p>This study supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No 16-17-00114).</p>

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