scholarly journals The Effects of Voluntary Deposit Limit-Setting on Long-Term Online Gambling Expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Michael Auer ◽  
Niklas Hopfgartner ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Online Gambling ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Gambling Expenditure

scholarly journals Gambling Data and Modalities of Interaction for Responsible Online Gambling: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Drosatos ◽  
Emily Arden-Close ◽  
Elvira Bolat ◽  
Raian Ali
Keyword(s):  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Consommation D’Alcool ◽  
Online Addiction ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Personal Context ◽  
Additional Support

Online gambling, as opposed to land-based gambling and other mediums of problematic and addictive behaviour such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, offers unprecedented opportunities for monitoring and understanding users’ behaviour in real-time. It also provides the ability to adapt persuasive messages and interactions that would fit the gamblers usage and personal context. These features open a new avenue for research on the monitoring and interactive utilization of gambling behavioural data. In this paper, we explore the range of data and modalities of interaction which can facilitate richer interactive persuasive interventions, and offer additional support to limit setting, with the ultimate aim of aiding gamblers, who gamble at low to moderate levels, to stay in control of their gambling experience. The exploration is based on our previous research on online addiction and interviews with experts (ne = 13) from different relevant multidisciplinary backgrounds and different points of view. We also interviewed gamblers (ng = 6) about their perception of the utilization of their data for aiding more conscious gambling. Directed at multiple stakeholders, including the gambling software providers, compliance and responsible gambling personnel, as well as policymakers, this paper aims to provide a basis and a reference point for empowering future responsible gambling socio-technical tools through the capture and utilization of relevant online gambling behavioural data.RésuméLe jeu en ligne, contrairement aux formes de jeu hors ligne et à d’autres types de comportements problématiques et de dépendance comme la consommation d’alcool et de tabac, offre des possibilités sans précédent de surveillance et de compréhension du comportement des utilisateurs en temps réel, ainsi que la capacité d’adapter des messages persuasifs et des interactions adaptées à l’utilisation des joueurs et au contexte personnel. Cela ouvre une nouvelle voie pour la recherche sur la surveillance et l’utilisation interactive des données comportementales relatives au jeu. Dans cet article, nous explorons à cette fin la gamme de données et les modalités d’interaction qui peuvent faciliter des interventions persuasives interactives plus riches et permettre un soutien accrû pour l’établissement de limites, dans le but ultime d’aider les joueurs de niveaux faibles à modérés à demeurer en contrôle de leur expérience de jeu. L’exploration est basée sur nos recherches antérieures sur la dépendance en ligne et sur des entretiens avec des experts (ne = 13) issus de différents contextes multidisciplinaires pertinents et ayant différents points de vue. Nous avons également interrogé des joueurs (ng = 6) à propos de leur perception de l’utilisation de leurs données pour contribuer à un jeu plus conscient. Ce document vise à fournir une base et un point de référence pour l’autonomisation de futurs outils socio-techniques du jeu responsable grâce à la saisie et l’utilisation de données pertinentes sur les comportements de jeu en ligne, et il est destiné à de multiples parties prenantes, notamment des fournisseurs de logiciels de jeu, du personnel de conformité et de jeu responsable ainsi que des décideurs.

scholarly journals A speed-of-play limit reduces gambling expenditure in an online roulette game

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Warren Stirling Newall ◽  
Leonardo Weiss-Cohen ◽  
Henrik Singmann ◽  
William Paul Boyce ◽  
Lukasz Walasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Online Experiments ◽  
Policy Proposal ◽  
Marginal Increase ◽  
Gambling Expenditure ◽  
Casino Game

UK online casino games are presently not subject to any limitations on stakes or speed-of-play. Two policy recommendations have been recently put forward: One proposal is to limit the maximum bet to £2, and another is to ensure that no online casino game can be played faster than its in-person equivalent. However, any policy proposal may be ineffective or have unintended consequences. This research experimentally investigated the speed-of-play proposal, in an experiment with 1,002 UK online roulette players, incentivized payouts, and £4 endowments. Participants played on a commercial online roulette game, which was slowed-down in one condition to enforce a speed-of-play limit of one spin every 60 seconds. The preregistered analysis plan showed no effect of the speed-of-play limit on participants’ choice to gamble at all, a marginal reduction in participants’ probability to gamble everything, and a credible reduction in the proportion of endowments gambled amongst participants who gambled some of their money. Expenditure reductions occurred via a credible reduction in the number of spins played that outweighed a marginal increase in per-spin bet sizes. This research shows how speed-of-play limits for online casino games may be effective in reducing gambling expenditure, and how the structural characteristics of online gambling games can be explored via ecologically-valid online experiments.

scholarly journals A randomised control trial to evaluate messages that promote limit setting and the impact of limits on online gambling behaviour

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Heirene ◽  
Sally M Gainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Online Gambling ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Gambling Operators ◽  
Social Messages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comparison Measurements

Background & Aim: Deposit limits may be an effective strategy for minimising the harm associated with online gambling. However, voluntary uptake of these tools is low. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different messages to increase use of deposit limits by customers of online gambling sites and to examine the effects of limit setting on gambling behaviour. Design: A pre-registered, naturalistic randomised control trial was conducted wherein customers were sent varied messages by online gambling operators. Setting: Four online Australian sports and racing wagering websites. Participants: 31,989 wagering customers (reduced to 26,516 after screening for eligibility) who had placed bets on at least five days during the last 30. Interventions: Messages were sent via email or in-account notification and were designed to either: [1] be informative, describing the availability and purpose of the tool, [2] highlight the benefits other people receive from using the tool (social messages), or [3] promote the benefit individuals could receive from using the tool (personal messages). Comparators: A control group of customers who did not receive messages was monitored for comparison. Measurements: We collected customer account data for 90-days pre- and post-messages. Findings: 161 (0.71%) customers set a deposit limit within five days of messages being sent. Those sent messages via in-account notification were more likely to set limits than those sent messages via email. Differences in message content had little effect on deposit limit uptake. Customers who set limits showed significantly greater decreases in average daily wager amount, the SD of average daily wager, net loss, and betting intensity compared to a randomly selected subsample of non-limit-setters. Conclusions: Customer messages are inexpensive and can lead to small but impactful increases in the uptake of deposit limits on gambling sites. Setting deposit limits was associated with decreased gambling intensity, expenditure, and losses and may therefore be an effective harm-reduction strategy.

scholarly journals $14.5-Billion Per Year and Counting: Canadian Gambling Statistics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Online Database ◽  
Short Answer ◽  
Gambling Expenditure ◽  
Cumulative Amount ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Selection Of

Ask any gambler how much money they spend on gambling in a typical year and you’ll almost certainly see a quizzical look appear on their face. Individuals are frequently reluctant to disclose such information and those that do typically find it difficult to recall the specifics of their gambling spending. Gamblers who are willing and able to answer might also need some clarification since the question could be referring to either the cumulative amount of dollars gambled or the net dollar figure gambled after accounting for wins and losses[1].  But what if, instead of asking individual gamblers about their spending, one was attempting to determine gambling spending for the entire country of Canada including provinces and territories… are these figures even available? Are provincial and territorial gambling regulators and operators forthcoming with this information? The short answer is that, yes, it is indeed possible to determine a figure for Canada’s net commercial gambling revenue using available data[2]. In this article, I’ll describe my rationale for documenting available Canadian gambling statistics, methods employed, and challenges encountered. A selection of charts is interspersed throughout to illustrate key gambling statistics using examples from the Canadian Gambling Statistics (1970-2020) online database which was created to house these collected statistics and make them publicly accessible.   [1] To learn about these intricacies, see Wood & Williams (2007) ‘How Much Money Do You Spend on Gambling?’ The Comparative Validity of Question Wordings Used to Assess Gambling Expenditure and Auer & Griffiths (2017) Self-Reported Losses Versus Actual Losses in Online Gambling: An Empirical Study. [2] Calculate at $14.51-billion in 2019 or about $500 per Canadian adult (18+ years of age) – for details, see Figure 1.

Long-Term Outcome in Personality Disorders

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Borderline Patients

Personality disorders meeting DSM or ICD criteria represent the severe end of the broad spectrum of personality configurations involving maladaptive traits. The literature regarding long-term outcome of personality disorders is sparse. Most attention is devoted to formerly institutionalised patients with borderline, antisocial, or schizotypal disorders. Borderline patients at 10–25-year follow-up have a wide range of outcomes, from clinical recovery (50–60%) to suicide (3–9%). Certain factors (e.g. artistic talent) conduce to higher recovery rates, others (e.g. parental cruelty) to lower rates. Schizoid and schizotypal patients tend to remain isolated, and to lead marginal lives. The long-term outcome in antisocial persons is bleak if psychopathic traits are prominent. Personality traits and their corresponding disorders are egosyntonic, harden into habit, and are both slow to change and hard to modify. There is no one treatment of choice. Psychoanalysis and related methods work best within the anxious/inhibited group; cognitive/behavioural techniques are well suited to the disorders requiring limit setting and the amelioration of maladaptive habits.

scholarly journals A scoping review of hard systems and tools that restrict money and cash for gambling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone N Rodda
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Financial Options ◽  
Gambling Expenditure

AbstractBackgroundGamblers engage in a range of “soft” financial options to limit access to money or cash for gambling (e.g., family looks after cash). Such barriers are easily overturned, resulting in a demand for financial systems and tools that offer “hard” restrictions on access to money and cash in a gambling context. The aim of this scoping review was to determine the attitudes and preferences of gamblers and their families on systems or tools to restrict access to money and cash, as well as the effectiveness of systems and tools that can be used to accomplish that goal.MethodsA systematic search of articles related to financial restrictions and gambling was conducted. Eligibility criteria included samples of gamblers or affected others and interventions targeted at money or cash restrictions in a gambling context. Soft financial barriers such as family involvement were excluded, as were limit-setting systems which focused on gambling expenditure in gambling venues.ResultsNine studies met the eligibility criteria, with three focused on financial systems (e.g., ban on credit betting) and six focused on removal of cash machines from gambling venues. The included literature was generally of low quality, with just two pre-post studies and seven cross-sectional or qualitative ones.ConclusionsThe included studies provided strong support for financial mechanisms to support gamblers and their families. Future studies need to involve multiple stakeholders to provide this type of support as well as to evaluate the holistic impact that such hard barriers can have on gambling and gambling-related harms.

Controlling inputs from the land to sea: limit-setting, cumulative impacts and ki uta ki tai

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Schiel ◽  
Clive Howard-Williams
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Limit Setting ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Sediment

The coastal zone worldwide is not well served by management policies that fail to deal effectively with land-sourced contaminants from streams, rivers and urban runoff. We discuss this using examples from New Zealand, where there is a wide recognition of such problems but little effective policy that specifically accounts for the interconnectedness of the land-to-freshwater-to-sea domain. Increasing land-use intensification, mostly in arable pasture, has greatly increased the nutrient load to the coast and has contributed to the already high sediment loading of coastal waters. We argue that renewed effort is needed for a more holistic approach to management, encapsulated in the New Zealand Maori concept of ki uta ki tai – an appreciation of mountains-to-sea connections. Limit-setting, especially of nitrogen from terrestrial sources, seems to a main way forward for reducing loads and halting cumulative effects. However, this must account for current impacts and also the ‘load to come’ because of time lags associated with accumulated groundwater nutrients and cumulative impacts in receiving waters. Despite many approaches being tried, there are increasing impacts of catchment activities on coasts worldwide. The need is therefore great for new approaches, renewed effort, and for a very long-term perspective to ensure effective and enduring solutions.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

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