Formative Second Opinion: Qualifying Health Professionals for the Unified Health System Through the Brazilian Telehealth Program

OBJECTIVE Replicating the training program in non-verbal communication based on the theoretical framework of interpersonal communication; non-verbal coding, valuing the aging aspects in the perspective of active aging, checking its current relevance through the content assimilation index after 90 days (mediate) of its application. METHOD A descriptive and exploratory field study was conducted in three hospitals under direct administration of the state of São Paulo that caters exclusively to Unified Health System (SUS) patients. The training lasted 12 hours divided in three meetings, applied to 102 health professionals. RESULTS Revealed very satisfactory and satisfactory mediate content assimilation index in 82.9%. CONCLUSION The program replication proved to be relevant and updated the setting of hospital services, while remaining efficient for healthcare professionals.

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Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: care in light of the Brazilian Unified Health System principles

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0146 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gleice Kelli Santana de Andrade ◽

Elen Ferraz Teston ◽

Sonia Silva Marcon ◽

Bianca Cristina Ciccone Giacon-Arruda ◽

Milena Dalariva Amorim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Health System ◽

Prior Knowledge ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Family Experiences ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Continuous Care ◽

Specialized Service

ABSTRACT Objective: to know health professionals’ perceptions about care actions provided to children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome and their families. Methods: this is a qualitative study, carried out in a capital of center-western Brazil, based on the Unified Health System theoretical precepts. Data were collected in September and October 2020, through audio-recorded interviews with 12 health professionals from a specialized service and submitted to analysis of content, thematic modality. Results: the implementation of care actions with these children occurs through multidimensional assessment of children and their families, use of the Unique Therapeutic Project, therapeutic interventions for the development of children and the communication and exchange of interprofessional and family experiences, in addition to considering professionals’ prior knowledge and their search for it. Final considerations: children with CZS and their families need individualized, frequent, integrated and continuous care.

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Activators of processes of change: a proposal oriented to the transformation of educational practices and the training of health professionals

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232014201.21992013 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 279-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Valeria Vernaschi Lima ◽

Laura Camargo Macruz Feuerwerker ◽

Roberto de Queiroz Padilha ◽

Romeu Gomes ◽

Virginia Alonso Hortale

Keyword(s):

Distance Learning ◽

Health System ◽

Health Professionals ◽

The Political ◽

Processes Of Change ◽

Main Achievement ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Transformation Potential ◽

Meaning Interpretation ◽

Interpretation Method

This paper investigates an educational proposal articulated through a policy of the Ministry of Health, which aims to promote changes in the training of health professionals. An inter-institutional partnership promoted the training of specialists as Activators of Processes of Change. This study analyzes the characteristics of a post-graduate semi-distance-learning course, examining the transformation potential of health praxis. It involves the analysis of documents and interviews published in official reports of the course addressing competency profile construction, the political-pedagogical project and management and evaluation of the proposal. The analysis of data and information used the principles of the meaning interpretation method as a reference. The educational praxis of the tutors was transformed, since students became professionals in change activation. 698 activators were qualified, with a loss of 12.9%. The characteristics of the proposal enhanced participants' involvement in the construction of new capacities, highlighting the broadening of analysis and intervention in reality. Eliciting the potential of individuals and the group, and the spaces for reflection proved to be the main achievement in the construction of educational projects, in the context of the Unified Health System.

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Designing animated pictorial instructions: A methodology proposed for the Open University of the Unified Health System in Brazil (UNA-SUS/UFMA)

European Journal of Teaching and Education ◽

10.33422/ejte.v2i4.525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 42-51

Author(s):

Carla Galvão Spinillo ◽

Ana Emília Figueiredo de Oliveira ◽

Katherine Marjorie ◽

Camila Lima ◽

Larissa Ugaya Mazza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Health System ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Open University ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Context Analysis ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Usability Tests ◽

Educational Production ◽

Pictorial Instructions

Animated pictorial instructions are effective resources for learning medical content (e.g., surgical procedures). Considering this, the Open University of the Unified Health System of the Federal University of Maranhão (UNA-SUS/UFMA) in Brazil employs animation in their distance learning courses. From 2009 to the present the UNA-SUS/UFMA has offered 48 e-courses to health professionals, reaching around 470,000 enrolments. The development of animated instructions at UNA-SUS/UFMA considers medical and pedagogical knowledge only, lacking information design expertise to reach communication effectiveness. Thus, a design methodology was proposed based on: (a) the results of an analytical study of 100 medical animations; (b) the outcomes of a context analysis of the UNA-SUS/UFMA design process through interviews with the heads of the educational production departments; and (c) the results of an online questionnaire with 1,735 health professionals. The methodology consists of three phases: (1) Structuring: identification and arrangement of different contents (introductory content, inventory information, steps, warnings), resulting in an animation script; (2) Representation: definition of the animation graphic appearance and technological resources (e.g., pictorial style, camera framing, interaction cues), resulting in a visual storyboard or mock-up/prototype that can be tested with users (e.g., comprehension, usability tests); and (3) Finalization: programming and production of the animation. For each phase, instruments/protocols were developed to aid decision-making (form, guidelines and checklist). To evaluate the methodology, a focus group was conducted with the animation stakeholders/developers of the UNA-SUS/UFMA. The results were positive, but suggestions were made to improve the decision-making instruments, which were considered in the methodology final design.

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Living, collective and political organisms for construction of the attributes of the National Oral Health Policy

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-8637202100302020033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Fávero BULGARELLI

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Policy ◽

Oral Health ◽

Social Policy ◽

Health System ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Health Policies ◽

Public Health Policies ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Oral Health Policy

ABSTRACT The last few decades have witnessed a growth in the value of dentists as health professionals as they act as protagonists in the construction of public health policies. This change comes from powerful and representative dentists in the Unified Health System (acronym in Portuguese is SUS). This short theoretical essay aims to bring the reader closer to the attributes necessary for the building of a social policy and draws a parallel with the National Oral Health Policy (acronym in Portuguese is PNSB). Issues such as context-oriented health policy and the National Oral Health Policy associated with the attributes of a social policy are presented in a narrative and reflective manner. In this process, the exercise of citizenship is demonstrated, emphasizing the importance of the collective role and policy of dentist surgeons in the stages of health policies in Brazil

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Challenges for obesity management in a unified health system: the view of health professionals

Family Practice ◽

10.1093/fampra/cmaa117 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana S Lopes ◽

Patrícia P Freitas ◽

Maria C R Carvalho ◽

Nathália L Ferreira ◽

Suellen F Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Health Department ◽

Instructional Materials ◽

Obesity Management ◽

Work Process ◽

Web Based ◽

Professional Qualification ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Routine Work

Abstract Background Obesity is an increasingly prevalent chronic condition. Its multiple causes and the complexity of its treatment pose challenges for health professionals. Objective To explore and describe the challenges for obesity management in the Brazilian Unified Health System according to health professionals. Methods An exploratory quantitative web-based study, carried out in 2018 with health professionals, developed from the first stage of a national project that aims to examine the management of obesity in Brazil. The questionnaire was self-applied. Invitations to participate in the research were sent by the Ministry of Health, Health Department of Minas Gerais and members of the research group. We collected data on sex, age, professional category, region and level of care. The challenges were investigated using a Likert scale and categorized into structure and work process. Results We evaluated 1323 professionals, of which about 45% were dietitians, 90.2% were women, and 83.1% self-reported working in primary health care. The main barriers cited included a high demand for curative and individual assistance, the presence of comorbidities, and the absence or insufficient access to instructional materials, professional qualification and lack of support. Conclusion Obesity management is a critical challenge for all professionals. Barriers were related to the work process and structural aspects and reinforce the need to empower health teams. We propose that permanent education activities should be established, as well as the development of instructional materials that are applicable to routine work. Finally, the results may be used to develop policies and strategies to improve obesity management.

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Cuidando de quem cuida: um estudo qualitativo baseado na metodologia participativa

Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing ◽

10.17665/1676-4285.20185987 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Martins Corrêa da Silva ◽

Claudia Feio da Maia Lima ◽

Miriam Da Costa Lindolpho ◽

Thiara Joanna Peçanha da Cruz ◽

Célia Pereira Caldas

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Health System ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Health Professionals ◽

The Elderly ◽

Group Activities ◽

Team Meetings ◽

Unified Health System ◽

The Relationship

Aim: present the results of activities conducted by nurses to improve support to family caregivers of the elderly. Method: This is a qualitative study based on participatory methodology. Meetings were held with twelve family caregivers and team meetings with 8 nurses from July to March 2016. The records of the speeches were submitted to content analysis. Results: the caregivers exposed their difficulties, their dilemmas and the contradiction between public policies and reality. In response to caregivers, the nurses constructed a plan of action. Discussion: the problematization of the relationship between services, health professionals and population increased the network of support to caregivers accompanied in the Unified Health System. Conclusion: group activities are more than a moment of catharsis; they produce interaction, the strengthening of the service, and contribute to the promotion of health.

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Retrospective study of the distribution of doctors in municipalities of extreme poverty in Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

B L O Luizeti ◽

E M M Massuda ◽

L F G Garcia

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Extreme Poverty ◽

The Public ◽

The North ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Shortage Of Doctors ◽

Demographic Distribution

Abstract In view of the national scenario of scarcity of material and human resources in public health in Brazil, the survey verified the demographics of doctors who attend the Unified Health System (SUS) in municipalities of extreme poverty. An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out, based on secondary quantitative data from the Department of Informatics of the SUS using the TABNET of December 2019. The care networks variable was restricted to infer the number of physicians who attend the SUS in extreme poverty municipalities in Brazil. Municipalities of extreme poverty are those that at least 20% of the population have a household income of up to 145 reais per capita monthly. In Brazil, there are 1526 municipalities in extreme poverty, 27.4% of the country's total municipalities. 14,907 doctors linked to SUS work in this condition, 3.19% of the total of these professionals in Brazil. There is still disproportion between regions: North concentrates 11.2% of the municipalities in extreme poverty and 8.61% of the total number of doctors; Northeast, with 61.33% of these municipalities, for 61.5% of doctors; Southeast, with 15.46% of the municipalities in this condition, has 20.6% of doctors; South concentrates 10.87% of the municipalities under discussion with 5.61% of doctors and the Midwest, with 4.87% of these municipalities, has 3.54% of doctors. Between 2009 and 2018, there was a 39% increase in the number of doctors in these locations, however, for 2019, there was a decrease of 3.89%. The medical demographic distribution in Brazil is uneven, especially in the North. There is also the vulnerability of this population in view of the observed reduction in the number of professionals between 2018 and 2019 in municipalities of extreme poverty, for political reasons. It is evident the need to restructure the health system to guarantee access to health for this population, through the attraction and fixation of doctors in needy regions in Brazil. Key messages Shortage of doctors in extreme poverty municipalities reinforces the health vulnerability of the population in Brazil. The uneven medical demography in Brazil requires restructuring in the public health system.

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The Quest to Extend Health Services to Vulnerable Substance Users in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in the Context of an Unfolding Economic Crisis

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.1177/0020731416679351 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 477-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Noa Krawczyk ◽

Deanna Kerrigan ◽

Francisco Inácio Bastos

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Health System ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Crack Cocaine ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Government Programs ◽

Substance Users ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Harsh Criticism

Calls to address crack-cocaine use in Brazil among homeless and street-frequenting populations who are in urgent need of health services have questioned the capacity of the Brazilian Unified Health System to attend to the nation’s most marginalized citizens. In recent years, Brazil has launched several actions to escalate care for substance users, yet many obstacles hindering accessibility and effectiveness of services remain. Paradoxically, these actions have been implemented in the context of a growing economic crisis, and expanding services for a population of poor and stigmatized substance users while cutting other government programs tends to elicit harsh criticism from citizens. In consequence of such prospects, this commentary aims to discuss barriers marginalized substance users face in accessing health services that are at risk of worsening with government cutbacks. Using Rio de Janeiro as an example, we explore two primary issues: the resource-strained, under-staffed and decentralized nature of the Brazilian Unified Health System and the pervading stigma that bars vulnerable citizens from official structures and services. Abandoning initiated government efforts to increase access to health services would risk maintaining vulnerable citizens at the margins of public structures, inhibiting the opportunity to offer this population humane and urgently needed treatment and care.

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