scholarly journals RNA Interference and mRNA Silencing, 2004: How Far Will They Reach?

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thoru Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Developments

The discoveries of RNA interference and RNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene silencing have opened an unanticipated new window on the regulation of gene expression as well as a facile and highly effective tool for knocking down gene expression in many organisms and cells. In addition, RNA interference and RNA silencing may conceivably be exploited for human therapeutics sometime in the future, possibly bringing greater clinical impact than have the so far disappointing antisense endeavors. This essay summarizes recent developments and offers some personalized perspectives, with emphasis on what we do not yet know.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Development of Exogenous dsRNA for the Induction of RNA Interference in Cancer Therapy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Golubeva ◽  
Viktoria A. Cherenko ◽  
Konstantin E. Orishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Insect Reproduction

Selective regulation of gene expression by means of RNA interference has revolutionized molecular biology. This approach is not only used in fundamental studies on the roles of particular genes in the functioning of various organisms, but also possesses practical applications. A variety of methods are being developed based on gene silencing using dsRNA—for protecting agricultural plants from various pathogens, controlling insect reproduction, and therapeutic techniques related to the oncological disease treatment. One of the main problems in this research area is the successful delivery of exogenous dsRNA into cells, as this can be greatly affected by the localization or origin of tumor. This overview is dedicated to describing the latest advances in the development of various transport agents for the delivery of dsRNA fragments for gene silencing, with an emphasis on cancer treatment.

scholarly journals FOXO regulates RNA interference in Drosophila and protects from RNA virus infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (47) ◽  
pp. 14587-14592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Spellberg ◽  
Michael T. Marr
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Metabolic Conditions

Small RNA pathways are important players in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. These pathways play important roles in all aspects of cellular physiology from development to fertility to innate immunity. However, almost nothing is known about the regulation of the central genes in these pathways. The forkhead box O (FOXO) family of transcription factors is a conserved family of DNA-binding proteins that responds to a diverse set of cellular signals. FOXOs are crucial regulators of cellular homeostasis that have a conserved role in modulating organismal aging and fitness. Here, we show that Drosophila FOXO (dFOXO) regulates the expression of core small RNA pathway genes. In addition, we find increased dFOXO activity results in an increase in RNA interference (RNAi) efficacy, establishing a direct link between cellular physiology and RNAi. Consistent with these findings, dFOXO activity is stimulated by viral infection and is required for effective innate immune response to RNA virus infection. Our study reveals an unanticipated connection among dFOXO, stress responses, and the efficacy of small RNA-mediated gene silencing and suggests that organisms can tune their gene silencing in response to environmental and metabolic conditions.

RNA Interference Therapeutics and Human Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Dolly Sharma ◽  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Trilok Chand
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rnai Therapeutics ◽  
Interference Rna

Defective protein synthesis leads to diseases. If protein synthesis can be controlled, disease causing molecules can be tailored in some way. This is the perception behind RNA interference. RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics is branch of medicine which deals with the treatment of diseases while controlling the gene expression at RNA level. The motive of this chapter is to discover the state-of-the-art of RNAi therapeutics, to explore various techniques used by RNAi therapeutics to fight from diseases, and discuss the future prospects of it.

RNA Interference Therapeutics and Human Diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Dolly Sharma ◽  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Trilok Chand
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rnai Therapeutics ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Interference Rna

Defective protein synthesis leads to diseases. If protein synthesis can be controlled, disease causing molecules can be tailored in some way. This is the perception behind RNA interference. RNA interference (RNAi) Therapeutics is branch of medicine which deals with the treatment of diseases while controlling the gene expression at RNA level. The motive of this chapter is to discover the state- of-art of RNAi Therapeutics, to explore various techniques used by RNAi Therapeutics to fight from diseases and discuss the future prospects of it.

scholarly journals The Three Essential Motifs in P0 for Suppression of RNA Silencing Activity of Potato leafroll virus Are Required for Virus Systemic Infection

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamun-Or Rashid ◽  
Xiao-Yan Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Da-Wei Li ◽  
Jia-Lin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Conserved Region ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
The Impact

Higher plants exploit posttranscriptional gene silencing as a defense mechanism against virus infection by the RNA degradation system. Plant RNA viruses suppress posttranscriptional gene silencing using their encoded proteins. Three important motifs (F-box-like motif, G139/W140/G141-like motif, and C-terminal conserved region) in P0 of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) were reported to be essential for suppression of RNA silencing activity. In this study, Agrobacterium-mediated transient experiments were carried out to screen the available amino acid substitutions in the F-box-like motif and G139/W140/G141-like motif that abolished the RNA silencing suppression activity of P0, without disturbing the P1 amino acid sequence. Subsequently, four P0 defective mutants derived from a full-length cDNA clone of PLRV (L76F and W87R substitutions in the F-box-like motif, G139RRR substitution in the G139/W140/G141-like motif, and F220R substitution in the C-terminal conserved region) were successfully generated by reverse PCR and used to investigate the impact of these substitutions on PLRV infectivity. The RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that these defective mutants affected virus accumulation in inoculated leaves and systemic movement in Nicotiana benthamiana as well as in its natural hosts, potato and black nightshade. These results further demonstrate that the RNA silencing suppressor of PLRV is required for PLRV accumulation and systemic infection.

scholarly journals Expression dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Oliver ◽  
German Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Argonaute Proteins ◽  
Silencing Pathways

Meiosis is a specialized cell division that is key for reproduction and genetic diversity in sexually reproducing plants. Recently, different RNA silencing pathways have been proposed to carry a specific activity during meiosis, but the pathways involved during this process remain unclear. Here, we explored the subcellular localization of different ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, the main effectors of RNA silencing, during male meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana using immunolocalizations with commercially available antibodies. We detected the presence of AGO proteins associated with posttranscriptional gene silencing (AGO1, 2 and 5) in the cytoplasm or the nucleus, while AGOs associated with transcriptional gene silencing (AGO4 and 9) localized exclusively in the nucleus. These results indicate that the localization of different AGOs correlates with their predicted roles at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels and provide an overview of their timing and potential role during meiosis.

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