Temporality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Martin
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
19Th Century Literature ◽  
Postmodern Fiction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Time is not a strictly literary category, yet literature is unthinkable without time. The events of a story unfold over time. The narration of that story imposes a separate order of time (chronological, discontinuous, in medias res). The reading of that narrative may take its own sweet time. Then there is the fact that literature itself exists in time. Transmitted across generations, literary texts cannot help but remind us of how times have changed. In doing so, they also show us how prior historical moments were indelibly shaped by their own specific philosophies and technologies of timekeeping—from the forms of sacred time that informed medieval writing; to the clash between national time and natural history that preoccupied the Romantics; to the technological standardization of time that shaped 19th-century literature; to the theories of psychological time that emerged in tandem with modernism; to the fragmented and foreshortened digital times that underlie postmodern fiction. Time, in short, shapes literature several times over: from reading experience to narrative form to cultural context. In this way, literature can be read as a peculiarly sensitive timepiece of its own, both reflecting and responding to the complex and varied history of shared time. Over the course of the 20th century, literary time has become an increasingly prominent issue for literary critics. Time was first installed at the heart of literary criticism by way of narrative theory and narratology, which sought to explain narrative’s irreducibly temporal structure. Soon, though, formalist and phenomenological approaches to time would give way to more historically and politically attuned methods, which have emphasized modern time’s enmeshment in imperialism, industrial capitalism, and globalization. In today’s critical landscape, time is a crucial and contested topic in a wide range of subfields, offering us indispensable insights into the history and ideology of modernity; the temporal politics of nationalism, colonialism, and racial oppression; the alternate timescales of environmental crisis and geological change; and the transformations of life and work that structure postmodern and postindustrial society.

The Oxford Handbook of Quintilian

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Visual And Performing Arts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

M. Fabius Quintilianus was a prominent orator, declaimer, and teacher of eloquence in the first century ce. After his retirement he wrote the Institutio oratoria, a unique treatise in Antiquity because it is a handbook of rhetoric and an educational treatise in one. Quintilian’s fame and influence are not only based on the Institutio, but also on the two collections of Declamations which were attributed to him in late Antiquity. The Oxford Handbook of Quintilian aims to present Quintilian’s Institutio as a key treatise in the history of Graeco-Roman rhetoric and its influence on the theory and practice of rhetoric and education, from late Antiquity until the present day. It contains chapters on Quintilian’s educational programme, his concepts and classifications of rhetoric, his discussion of the five canons of rhetoric, his style, his views on literary criticism, declamation, and the relationship between rhetoric and law, and the importance of the visual and performing arts in his work. His huge legacy is presented in successive chapters devoted to Quintilian in late Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Italian Renaissance, Northern Europe during the Renaissance, Europe from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Century, and the United States of America. There are also chapters devoted to the biographical tradition, the history of printed editions, and modern assessments of Quintilian. The twenty-one authors of the chapters represent a wide range of expertise and scholarly traditions and thus offer a unique mixture of current approaches to Quintilian from a multidisciplinary perspective.

The role of stylistics in Japan: A pedagogical perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Teranishi ◽  
Aiko Saito ◽  
Kiyo Sakamoto ◽  
Masako Nasu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
English Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Efl Students

This article surveys the history of English studies and education in Japan, paying special attention to the role of literary texts and stylistics. Firstly, the role of literature and stylistics in Japan is discussed from a pedagogical point of view, including both English as a foreign language and Japanese as a native language. Secondly, the way in which stylistics has contributed to literary criticism in the country is examined, with reference to the history of literary stylistics since 1980. Finally, this article considers further applications of stylistics to language study in Japan, offering two examples: analysis of thought presentation in Yukio Mishima’s Megami (2006[1955]), and the teaching of an English poem and a Japanese haiku to Japanese EFL students. The overall aim of this article is to demonstrate that literature as language teaching material and stylistics as a critical and teaching method are significant not only in understanding English, but also in appreciating our own native language if it is not English.

Useful Objects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Gochberg
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas

Useful Objects: Museums, Science, and Literature in Nineteenth-Century America explores the debates that surrounded the development of American museums during the nineteenth century. Throughout this period, museums included a wide range of objects, from botanical and zoological specimens to antiquarian artifacts and technological models. Intended to promote “useful knowledge,” these collections generated broader discussions about how objects were selected, preserved, and classified. In guidebooks and periodicals, visitors described their experiences within museum galleries and marveled at the objects they encountered. And in fiction, essays, and poems, writers embraced the imaginative possibilities represented by collections and proposed alternative systems of arrangement. These conversations spanned spheres of American culture, raising deeper questions about how objects are valued—and who gets to decide. Combining literary criticism, the history of science, and museum studies, Useful Objects examines the dynamic and often fraught debates that emerged during a crucial period in the history of museums. As museums gradually transformed from encyclopedic cabinets to more specialized public institutions, many writers questioned who would have access to collections and the authority to interpret them. Throughout this period, they reflected on loss and preservation, raised concerns about the place of new ideas, and resisted increasingly fixed categories. These conversations extended beyond individual institutions, shaping broader debates about the scope and purpose of museums in American culture that continue to resonate today.

scholarly journals Praktik Seksualitas Menyimpang Masyarakat Muslim-Minangkabau: Kajian Neo-Historisisme terhadap Film Titian Serambut Dibelah Tujuh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Dedi Arsa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deviant Sexuality

<p><em>This article discusses the practices of deviant sexuality in the Muslim-Minangkabau community depicted in early Indonesian films in relation to the socio-cultural context in the film as well as the socio-cultural context when the film was produced. The film in question is </em>Titian Serambut Dibelah Tujuh<em> by Asrul Sani. In this film some of the deviant practices of sexuality depicted are homosexuality, lesbianity, and hypersexuality (through the practice of rape). Using a neo-historicalism approach, which looks at the relation of literary texts (films) to their historical space and time, the narratives in this film relate to the context of their presence in the midst of Indonesian social reality and the setting of the film itself: this film exists as a critique of moral decadence The Old Order, which celebrates sexuality in public spaces and on the other hand, also describes the background society (which is also where the writer of the scenario came from) where the practices of sexuality diverged have their own traces in the history of this society.</em><em></em></p><p>Artikel ini membahas praktik-praktik seksualitas menyimpang di tengah masyarakat Muslim-Minangkabau yang digambarkan dalam film Indonesia awal dalam relasinya dengan konteks sosial-budaya dalam film maupun konteks sosial-budaya ketika film ini diproduksi. Film yang dimaksud adalah <em>Titian Serambut Dibelah Tujuh</em> karya Asrul Sani. Dalam film ini beberapa praktik seksualitas menyimpang yang digambar adalah homoseksualitas, lesbianitas, dan hiperseksualitas (lewat praktik perkosaan). Dengan menggunakan pendekatan neo-historisisme, yang melihat relasi teks sastra (film) dengan ruang dan waktu historisnya, narasi-narasi dalam film ini terkait dengan konteks kehadirannya di tengah realitas sosial Indonesia dan latar filmnya itu sendiri: <em>f</em><em>ilm ini hadir sebagai kritik atas dekadensi moral Orde Lama yang merayakan b</em><em>i</em><em>nalitas-seksualitas di ruang publik</em><em> dan d</em><em>i sisi lain,</em><em> </em>juga menggambarkan masyarakat latar (yang juga dari mana si penulis skenarionya berasal) di mana praktik-praktik seksualitas menyimpang punya jejaknya tersendiri dalam sejarah puak ini.</p>

scholarly journals How Style Became Famous and Irrelevant at the Same Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230
Author(s):  
Nataša Lah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
19Th Century Art

The article is concerned with the theoretical issue of the status of style in visual arts, aiming to demonstrate that – within art history – stylistics acquired its disciplinary autonomy in the late 18th century when, J. J. Winckelmann was the first to detach stylistics from rhetoric, thus expanding the field of stylistic competence to the history of art. It was also the time when, under the influence of early Romanticism, the entirely opposite tendencies originated, those of the emphasized individuation of art. Therefore, parallel to the birth of theoretical notion of “the styles of the eras”, romanticists not only paved the way for Modernism, but also thwarted the application of a newly risen stylistic methodology concerned with the cultural codification of style. The disagreement between the “classicists”, and “romanticists”, eventually culminated in the schism of the Paris Salon and the emergence of a wide range of new trends, heterogeneous conceptions and avant-garde movement, all in a very short space of time. The concept of “the style of epoch” has been staggered by the challenges of the 20th century. The function of culture within the stylistic characteristics of the 19th century art production was appropriated by artists, whose artwork acquired total objectual autonomy. The cultural and stylistic codification of of historical periods conceived in the 18th century could no longer be applied to the heterogeneous art produced during the Modernist era. By affirming the obviousness of the visual, Modernism eluded all the semantic, functional, utilitarian, narrative and symbolic burdens of earlier periods. This article endeavours to show how, subsequent to the epoch of Modernism, style can be discussed exclusively at a level of the apparent expressed features of an artwork. Codification which follows the principle of temporal “anchoring” in the cultural context of the Modernits era of Modernism remains both risky and ineffective stylistic strategy.  

Apsīšu Jēkabs un Rūdolfs Blaumanis: salīdzināmie aspekti

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Benedikts Kalnačs
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
19Th Century Literature ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Literary Cultures ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

The topic of the paper reflects an interest in potential sources of Rūdolfs Blaumanis’s literary output. Blaumanis himself did confirm that he considered Apsīšu Jēkabs among the most important Latvian writers of the 19th century. Both authors focused their attention on the historical period later labelled the age of transition. In this context, several important aspects are discussed. The paper pays attention to the infringement of moral laws in society and the reflection of this trend in literary texts. An important topic is the stratification of society, including the relations among the nobility, peasants, and servants, and their changing patterns. The role of money, including the rise of calculated marriages, is also an object of discussion, as well as the issues of upbringing in families and schools. In this paper, aesthetic parallels are discussed within the context of the impact of popular literature on both writers. Both of them often used exaggerated situations in order to raise the appeal of their texts to their respective audiences. The principles of the creation of comic effects are also scrutinised. One of the issues discussed in the paper is that of intercultural relations. Whereas Apsīšu Jēkabs points toward the juxtaposition of Latvian and Baltic German literary cultures, Blaumanis is much more open to their coexistence and extracts positive aspects out of the position among different cultures as reflected in the wide range of his literary sources. However, it is important to point to the impact of Latvian 19th-century literature on the development of Blaumanis’s ideas and his creative potential.

Lektury bohaterek Jane Austen – utopijna edukacja sentymentalna czy ucieczka przed odpowiedzialnością?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2 (465)) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Sylwia Grusza
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Jane Austen ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
The World ◽  
Gothic Novels ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given

The article is to describe an interesting phenomenon of the duplication of the literary patterns of behaviour among female protagonists created by Jane Austen. The subject of the paper is the analysis of the set books of the heroines invented by the British author in the both social and cultural context. Jane Austen’s novels can be regarded as the treasury of knowledge on the existence of the young girls at that time. The omnipresent conventions took away their right to dreams and self-fulfilment in almost every sphere of life. Lots of them found the coveted hope of improving their lives on the pages of overly aesthetic, sentimental novels. The characters from the books became inspirational among the female sex. The view of young ladies was based on their inner cultivation of the behaviour and mood which were inseparable from the girls from the popular romances. The patterns, continually given by fiction, took the place of humanistic and scientific knowledge, making the girls unaware – without the simplest information about the world. The subjects given in a wrong way by wrong teachers lowered their interest in education among youth, which also led to the popularity of sentimental, historical (especially those presenting the romance on the background of crucial events form the history of the given country) and Gothic novels. The text will concern the analysis of the attitude of the heroines created by the British author – on the basis of their set books and the position of Jane Austen in the range of literary criticism and the above-mentioned social phenomenon.

Ivanova, E., ed. (2018). The biography in cultural history: Collected papers. Moscow: Ruteniya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-275
Author(s):  
L. V. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Case Files

A review of the collective monograph by researchers of the A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the RAS into the origins and evolution of the biography as a genre. The first section of the book discusses composing a writer’s biography with the examples of Shakespeare and Samuel Johnson, the myth and the truth in Camões’ biography, as well as the specific features of this genre in the Latin American tradition. The second section of the monograph covers the history of the genre in Russia. Here, the authors discuss a wide range of problems, from the historical and cultural context of Simeon Polotsky’s biography to attempts of the genre’s theoretical interpretation. Also considered is P. Furman’s project, a series of biographies adapted for children’s reading. The third section focuses on documents at the source of poets’ biographies, criminal proceedings of the Decembrists, and case files of our contemporaries who fell victim of the Stalin terror.

Historical facts of literature and personality in research – about the compilation of the book “History of Russian and Soviet literary criticism of the XX century”

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Wenxin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Book History ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Chinese Scientist ◽  
A Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Literature

Russian literature is an important part of world literature and is studied all over the world. In comparison with the history of literature, the history of literary criticism is more an interaction between the objectivity of literary facts and the personality of the compiler of this history. This work presents a description of the personality in research using the example of the book “History of Russian and Soviet literary criticism of the XX century” written by Chinese scientist Zhang Jie, the main task of which is to provide a theoretical basis and methods of criticism for analyzing the mechanism of reproducing the meanings of literary texts and images. We analyze the functions of literary criticism and explain the interaction and harmony of objective historical facts of literature and the compiler’s personality in the study. We define three currents of Russian and Soviet literary criticism of the 20th century: religious and cultural criticism, real literary criticism, and aesthetic criticism. We prove that history reflects not only the objectivity of factors, but also its compiler’s personality, which is an indicator. We explain the need to coordinate the objectivity of historical facts and the subjectivity of the compiler, and we present a value-based reflection of a scientific linguistic personality in the Chinese ethnoculture.

The Oxford Handbook to the Second Sophistic

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Second Sophistic ◽  
Dio Chrysostom ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Traditions

The study of the Second Sophistic is a relative newcomer to the Anglophone field of classics, and much of what characterizes it temporally and culturally remains a matter of legitimate contestation. This Handbook offers a diversity of scholarly voices that attempt to define the state of this developing field. Included are chapters that offer practical guidance on the wide range of valuable textual materials that survive, many of which are useful or even core to inquiries of particularly current interest (e.g., gender studies, cultural history of the body, sociology of literary culture, history of education and intellectualism, history of religion, political theory, history of medicine, cultural linguistics, intersection of the classical traditions and early Christianity). The Handbook contains chapters devoted to the work of the most significant intellectuals of the period, such as Plutarch, Dio Chrysostom, Lucian, Apuleius, the novelists, the Philostrati, and Aelius Aristides. In addition to its content and bibliographical guidance, this volume helps to situate the textual remains within the period and its society, to describe and circumscribe the literary matter and the literary culture and societal context. Throughout it tries to keep the contextual demands in mind. In its scope and its pluralism of voices, this Handbook thus represents a new approach to the Second Sophistic, one that attempts to integrate Greek literature of the Roman period into the wider world of early imperial Greek, Latin, Jewish, and Christian cultural production, and one that keeps a sharp focus on situating these texts within their socio-cultural context.

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