Agenda Setting in Health and Risk Messaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karyn Ogata Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Attribute Salience ◽  
Audience Responses

Since McCombs and Shaw first introduced the theory in 1972, agenda setting has emerged as one of the most influential perspectives in the study of the effects of mass media. Broadly defined, “agenda setting” refers to the ability of mass media sources to identify the most salient topics, thereby “setting the agendas” for audiences. In telling us what to think about, then, mass media sources are perceived to play an influential role in determining priorities related to policies, values, and knowledge on a given topic or issue. Scholars have studied this phenomenon according to both object (issue) salience and attribute salience and along aggregate and individual audience responses. The audience characteristics of need for orientation, uncertainty, relevance, and involvement are advanced as moderating and predicting agenda-setting effects. When agenda-setting theory is applied to the study of messaging related to health and risk communication, scholars have reviewed and identified common themes and topics that generally include media’s role in educating and informing the public about specific health conditions as well as public health priorities and administrative policies. Agenda setting is often examined in terms of measuring mass media effects on audiences. Looking at interpersonal communication, such as that coming from medical providers, opinion leaders, or peer networks, in studies will allow research to examine the combined effects of interpersonal and mass communication. Testing possible interactions among differing sources of information along with assessment of issue and attribute salience among audiences according to an agenda-setting framework serves to document audience trends and lived experiences with regard to mass media, health, and risk communication.

scholarly journals Media Agenda-Setting and Gatekeeping: The Twitter Takeover of Traditional Mass Media Practices Through the Use of Networked Journalism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandon Gene
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Institutions ◽  
Information Providers ◽  
Media Practices

With a growing number of people moving away from traditional sources of information providers, towards new online sources, it has become evident that the agenda setting and gatekeeping functions of the past have been altered. Due to such alteration, it can be said that the profession of information dissemination has all but evaporated into a cesspool of opinion that has been framed to uphold the viewpoints of a particular ideology. While most studies to date have been effective in highlighting the alteration of agenda-setting and gatekeeping, this paper attempts to focus on the shift in such practices, away from traditional mass media institutions, to a new form of media through the practices of networked journalism. In order to demonstrate the following, this paper uses the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election as a case study. Tweets from traditional mass media institutions, new media institutions (such as thought opinion leaders), and the public are collected and examined in relation to information dissemination, via topic coverage. An analysis of these tweets confirms such shift in agenda-setting and gatekeeping, where the powers of information dissemination move away from traditional mass media institutions, towards a model of information that is dependent upon the public and its engagement of such information. This study is part of a larger body of research on the twenty-first century phenomenon of publicly sourced information dissemination in the networked society. In focusing on the shift that is occurring within society, this study will contribute to future publications on a similar topic

scholarly journals Media Agenda-Setting and Gatekeeping: The Twitter Takeover of Traditional Mass Media Practices Through the Use of Networked Journalism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandon Gene
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Institutions ◽  
Information Providers ◽  
Media Practices

With a growing number of people moving away from traditional sources of information providers, towards new online sources, it has become evident that the agenda setting and gatekeeping functions of the past have been altered. Due to such alteration, it can be said that the profession of information dissemination has all but evaporated into a cesspool of opinion that has been framed to uphold the viewpoints of a particular ideology. While most studies to date have been effective in highlighting the alteration of agenda-setting and gatekeeping, this paper attempts to focus on the shift in such practices, away from traditional mass media institutions, to a new form of media through the practices of networked journalism. In order to demonstrate the following, this paper uses the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election as a case study. Tweets from traditional mass media institutions, new media institutions (such as thought opinion leaders), and the public are collected and examined in relation to information dissemination, via topic coverage. An analysis of these tweets confirms such shift in agenda-setting and gatekeeping, where the powers of information dissemination move away from traditional mass media institutions, towards a model of information that is dependent upon the public and its engagement of such information. This study is part of a larger body of research on the twenty-first century phenomenon of publicly sourced information dissemination in the networked society. In focusing on the shift that is occurring within society, this study will contribute to future publications on a similar topic

scholarly journals Mass Communication

Communication ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Bernd Brosius ◽  
Veronika Karnowski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Audiovisual Communication ◽  
Communication Modes ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

Mass communication can be best described by its counterparts. With regard to the number of people involved, mass communication has many participants, whereas interpersonal communication has few. With regard to visibility, mass communication is highly visible and public; private communication is hidden from others. Mass-communication messages are mostly provided by media professionals who collect, process, structure, and distribute information. It is a one-to-many communication with little feedback possibilities. In mass societies, mass communication is probably the most effective way of finding, discussing, and resolving issues that are relevant for the existence of a given society. Accordingly, research in mass communication is mainly concerned with its effects. Scholars have developed many theories—such as agenda setting—that are focusing on the beneficial and detrimental effects of the mass media. Many other topics are indirectly related to the effects of mass communication, such as freedom of the press, journalism, or media systems, but also entertainment. The internet and its diverse communication modes serve as a challenge to this role of mass communication. Mass communication is often framed within a normative point of view: Mass media, particularly radio, television, and other instances of audiovisual communication, enable a mass society to exchange views effectively on important problems and issues, thus helping democracies to come to the right decisions. In terms of usage, however, audiovisual mass media mostly carry entertainment content. Entertainment, however, might not be without political and societal consequences (e.g., cultivation theory). Although mass-communication content includes many genres and modalities and appears across all media, this entry focuses more on processes and intellectual arcs that transcend any single type of content.

Agenda-setting in social TV: How and when user comments influence perceived issue importance

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110207
Author(s):  
Myojung Chung ◽  
Young Nam Seo ◽  
Younbo Jung ◽  
Doohwang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
Second Screen ◽  
User Comments ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Social Tv ◽  
Media Experience

As a combination of television viewing and social media use, social TV epitomizes the intersection of mass communication and interpersonal communication. However, it remains unknown how such a novel format of media experience influences the agenda-setting effects. A lab experiment ( N = 120) examined (a) how user-to-user interactions in social TV (i.e. real-time comments from virtual co-viewers) affect the agenda-setting process and (b) how such effect is moderated by different interface types (e.g. all-in-one screen vs a second screen). Results suggest that participants who watched a news clip that featured many (vs few) comments from virtual co-viewers perceived the issue to be more important, but such effect was at work only when user comments were viewed on the second screen. In addition, exposure to many (vs few) comments decreased participants’ satisfaction with social TV and their intention to use social TV in the future.

scholarly journals Issue salience (Public Diplomacy) (see also theme or media coverage salience)

10.34778/4i ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Marschlich
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
London Olympics

The variable “issue salience” refers to visibility or prominence of a given topic or theme occurring in the news coverage and is used to explore first-level agenda-setting (McCombs & Shaw, 1972). In addition to actor salience and valence, issue salience is analyzed to describe and explore the news coverage on different events and public debates. Mostly, issue salience is measured as the number of mentioning a particular issue, topic, or theme.   Field of application/theoretical foundation: Issue salience is analyzed using content analysis across different subfields of communication and media research, including the field of public diplomacy. In public diplomacy research, scholars measure issue salience in the context of governmental communication on their official channels online and offline or the representation of countries in social or mass media. Researchers embed the concept of issue salience primarily in agenda-setting theory (McCombs & Shaw, 1972), analyzing it as an independent variable from which to derive implications of news media coverage on audiences’ perceptions on a certain object or examining the relationship between issue salience in the media and the public agenda.   References/combination with other methods of data collection: When it comes to analyses on issue salience and its link to public perceptions, a mixed-method study design incorporating content analysis in combination with surveys is used to validate issue salience.   Exampe study: Zhou et al., 2013   Information about Zhou et al., 2013 Authors: Zhang et al. Research question/reseach interest: Comparison between news coverage on Great Britain (in terms of themes) in U.S.-American and Chinese news media during the Olympic Games 2012 RQ: What were the most salient themes in British, U.S., and Chinese media when they covered the opening ceremony of the London Olympics? Object of analysis: Newspaper (30 media outlets across three countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, and China, not explicated) Time frame of analysis: 24 July 2012 to 12 August 2012   Information about variable Varible name/definition: Media coverage salience:  Number of mentions given to a particular theme Level of analysis: Story Values: (1) Countryside (e.g., emphasis of British natural beauty and scenic sites) (2) Creativity (e.g., focus on British creative sector, such as arts, film, and literature) (3) Entrepreneurship (e.g., portrayals on entrepreneurs and investors, or global investment) (4) Green (e.g., emphasis on Great Britain’s sustainability and environmental protections efforts) (5) Heritage (e.g., focus on British royalty, museums, and historic landmarks) (6) Innovation (e.g., discussion of science and technology in Great Britain) (7) Knowledge (e.g., portrayals of research and development at British universities) (8) Music (e.g., mentions of British and music artists) (9) Shopping (e.g., emphasis on British shopping venues such as London as shopping city) (10) Sport (e.g., emphasis on sporting events or athletes, such as David Beckham) (11) Technology (e.g., focus on digital media, e-commerce, and IT services in Great Britain) Scales: Nominal Reliability: Krippendorf’s alpha = .90   References McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda-Setting Function of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. Zhou, S., Shen, B., Zhang, C., & Zhong, X. (2013). Creating a Competitive Identity: Public Diplomacy in the London Olympics and Media Portrayal. Mass Communication & Society, 16(6), 869–887.

A Theory of Communication That Posits Effects

Cyberwar ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 32-56
Author(s):  
Kathleen Hall Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Underlying Theory ◽  
Political Communications ◽  
Communication Effects ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Political Persuasion

Chapter 2 of Cyberwar explores the insights offered by seventy-five-plus years of political communications research about the effects of media and interpersonal communication on voters and voting. After first noting factors that increased voter susceptibility to communication effects in the 2016 election, Jamieson outlines the role of processes such as priming, agenda setting, framing, and contagion in political persuasion, how interpersonal and mass communication can affect voters and their voting intentions, and some factors that can blunt or bolster the power of communication. The chapter concludes by explaining how this underlying theory of communication suggests that Russian interventions could have affected voters.

Interpersonal Communication and the Agenda-Setting Process

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Wanta ◽  
Yi-Chen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Setting Process

Interpersonal communication can enhance agenda-setting effects for issues that receive extensive media coverage but may also interfere with agenda-setting effects by providing salience cues that conflict with media messages for little-publicized issues. The intensity of interpersonal discussions and the respondents' level of participation appear to have less influence on salience but regression analyses show that frequency of discussions is the strongest predictor of issue salience.

scholarly journals Mass Communication Cannot Be Separated From Ethical Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
M. Yoserizal Saragih ◽  
Ali Imran Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Communication Ethics ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Public Relations Ethics ◽  
The Right

This paper deals with mass communication cannot be separated from ethical problems. One of our goals in studying the science of communication lies in the dimension of ethical communication. Ethics can be defined as a set of moral principles or values. Ethical standards can differ from one discipline to another. In the discipline of communication, a set of communication ethics has been adopted into various communication contexts and communication fields, some of which we have understood together are business communication ethics, interpersonal communication ethics, and public relations ethics. Mass communication ethics is a moral philosophy that deals with the obligations of the press and about the judgments of the good press and the bad press or the right press and the wrong press. Each mass media has its own code of ethics because indeed each type of mass media has its own character or characteristics, so we know that in this world there are print media journalistic ethics, journalistic code of ethics, radio, and television journalistic code of ethics.

scholarly journals A Response to McMurtry's System of Fallacy in the Media

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
General System ◽  
Informal Logic ◽  
Media Agenda ◽  
Current Mass ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media

In the Fall 1988 issue of Informal Logic, John McMurtry suggests that the current mass communication system "obstructs and deforms our thinking and our reasoning by a general system of deception" (p. 133). This essay suggests that McMurtry's view of the mass media is inaccurate. The mass media needs to make choices about what material it includes; McMurtry's description of the media could be explained by a rational theory of media agenda setting. Finally. it is argued that critical thinkers need to go beyond the mass media to make decisions; the mass media should not be expected to provide all arguments and viewpoints.

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