6. Exploration and empire

2015 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Stewart A. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
William Clark ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Antarctic

‘Exploration and empire’ begins with Jefferson's famous “Corps of Discovery” up the Missouri River and into the heart of the Great Plains lead by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Its two overriding purposes were to find a practicable water route across the North American continent and to establish peaceful relations with the native peoples now manifestly destined to come under American rule. The essential colonial context of late-nineteenth-century exploration is seen in Mungo Park's exploration of the Niger region in Africa; the British exploratory efforts to find the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic; the race to the Antarctic; David Livingstone's attempts to find the Nile's source; and the search for the “forbidden city” of Lhasa, Tibet.

scholarly journals Buffalo Hunt: International Trade and the Virtual Extinction of the North American Bison

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. 3162-3195 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Scott Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
Policy Failure ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Nineteenth

In the sixteenth century, North America contained 25 to 30 million buffalo; by the late nineteenth century fewer than 100 remained. While removing the buffalo east of the Mississippi took over 100 years, the remaining 10 to 15 million buffalo on the Great Plains were killed in a punctuated slaughter lasting little more than ten years. I employ theory, international trade statistics, and first-person accounts to argue the slaughter was initiated by a foreign-made innovation and fueled by a foreign demand for industrial leather. European demand and American policy failure are jointly responsible for the “Slaughter on the Plains.” (JEL F14, N51, N71, Q57)

The locomotive and the tree: industrial Pittsburgh's late nineteenth-century literary culture

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brianne Jaquette
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Carnegie Museum ◽  
Regional Literature ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Nineteenth Century American Literature ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] In The Locomotive and the Tree, I challenge the popular myth that the city of Pittsburgh was devoid of literary culture prior to the construction of the Carnegie museum, library, and concert hall in 1895. Pittsburgh, in fact, had a robust and thriving culture in general and specifically a literary scene that was rooted in newspaper production and was invested in the industrial aspects of the city�s growth. Much of the literary material coming from Pittsburgh was nonfiction or poetry, and it was in these forms that writers in Pittsburgh were able to come to terms with the changes taking place in a rapidly industrializing city. In contrast to scholarship that has emphasized the role of regional literature in this time period, my project uses periodical and print culture studies to analyze the localized literary culture of Pittsburgh. Instead of looking broadly at national literary culture that was disseminated from the East Coast outward, I argue for the need for research that broadens the scope of late-nineteenth century American literature by examining smaller networks of print.

The Politics of Producerism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine McNicol Stock
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
North And South

Since colonial times, farmers and other rural men and women have organized to protect their livelihoods and communities from the powerful interests of centralized governments, big banks, and large corporations. In protests movements spanning from Shays Rebellion in Massachusetts to the Farmers Holiday Association in Iowa, rural people agitated for control over local politics and for reforms to the political and economic system that would protect their interests. The Populist Party of the late nineteenth century is among the most important of these groups, as farmers in the north and south came together to create a new kind of political community.

All politics are global: nineteenth-century New York history in its own world wide web

Urban History ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
JONATHAN SOFFER
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
World Power ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
To Come

One of my colleagues likes to say that if a subject was worth one book, it was worth more than one. A comparison of two books on the development of New York City's manufacturing, commercial and financial elite demon-strates how differences in theoretical approaches, research materials and literary form can lead in significantly different directions. Beckert depicts the rise of the bourgeois class in the late nineteenth century with touches of tragedy and irony. Kessner's capitalists, while flawed, particularly in their mistreatment of labour, tend to come across as heroes who make America a dominant world power.

scholarly journals The World Before Control: American Immigration

Ad Americam ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bartnik
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Immigration Law ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 19Th Century

In debates on American immigration law, it is possible to encounter the argument that there were no laws restricting newcomers’ flow into America till the end of the 19th century. An inaccurate understanding of American immigration policy sometimes leads to the opinion that prior to the beginning of the federal immigration power, there was no immigration policy at all in America. This article describes regulations enacted by the colonies and the states, as well as activities taken by them, to control the influx of newcomers. They tried to encourage immigrants to come to America while simultaneously controlling who was coming. The idea of successful control over immigrants coming to the North American continent was rooted in restrictive laws determining who was admissible. Paupers, criminals and those with contagious diseases were undesirable. Colonial and state authorities tried to stop their influx or, at least, to lessen the danger they posed. The main goal of the presented article is to analyze and present arguments proving or neglecting the assumption that there was a lack of an immigration policy during colonial times in America.

William McKinley and American Empire

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Patrick Cullinane
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Boxer Rebellion ◽  
Close Study ◽  
William Mckinley ◽  
To Come ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Willingness To Use

Between 1897 and 1901 the administration of Republican President William McKinley transformed US foreign policy traditions and set a course for empire through interconnected economic policies and an open aspiration to achieve greater US influence in global affairs. The primary changes he undertook as president included the arrangement of inter-imperial agreements with world powers, a willingness to use military intervention as a political solution, the establishment of a standing army, and the adoption of a “large policy” that extended American jurisdiction beyond the North American continent. Opposition to McKinley’s policies coalesced around the annexation of the Philippines and the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China. Anti-imperialists challenged McKinley’s policies in many ways, but despite fierce debate, the president’s actions and advocacy for greater American power came to define US policymaking for generations to come. McKinley’s administration merits close study.

scholarly journals Pygmy Shrew (Sorex hoyi) in Montana east of the Rocky Mountains with comments on its distribution across the northern Great Plains

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Paul Hendricks ◽  
Susan Lenard
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
The North ◽  
Pygmy Shrew ◽  
River Bottom

Range maps for Pygmy Shrew (Sorex hoyi) show a large hiatus over much of the northern Great Plains between the Rocky Mountains and eastern North Dakota. We report a new record of the Pygmy Shrew in northeastern Montana, review previous records for the state and adjacent regions bordering Montana to the north and east, and suggest that the range boundary in the northern Great Plains be redrawn farther south to include all of Montana north of the Missouri River. This is consistent with the known range of the Pygmy Shrew in eastern North Dakota and South Dakota, where the species has been documented only north and east of the Missouri River, although records are still lacking from north of the Missouri River in northwestern North Dakota and adjacent regions of Canada. Pygmy Shrews will probably be found at additional localities in prairie regions of Canada adjacent to Montana, most likely in association with prairie pothole wetlands, river bottom riparian vegetation, and hardwood draws.

The North Atlantic Business Triangle and the Constellation of 1900–1901

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker R. Berghahn
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Archival Source ◽  
Political Relationship ◽  
Financial Expert ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The North Atlantic

This chapter begins the story of the American–British–German business and political relationship in the year 1900. It assesses the prevailing attitudes toward this transitional period in terms of press commentary, before considering political and economic relations in the age of late-nineteenth-century imperialism. While positive visions of the future tended to predominate, the papers also contained evidence of the conflicts that were smoldering within the societies of Britain, Germany, and the United States. From here, the chapter turns to a rich archival source for the extent of the European–American constellation in the form of accounts made by financial expert Frank Vanderflip as well as by journalist William Stead.

Coastal Maine

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Rudel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Local Management ◽  
Focusing Events ◽  
Management Zone ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Fishers for lobsters in coastal Maine cluster in groups or “gangs” around the harbors where they fish and moor their boats. The State of Maine began regulating the capture of lobsters in the late nineteenth century with the passage of laws limiting the capture of both very large and small lobsters, but fishers rarely complied with the laws, so they had little effect. A lobster bust occurred in the 1920s and 1930s when both the size of the catch and the price of lobster declined. After the bust, compliance with the laws increased and, with active support from the fishers, the state established local management of the fishery with limits on the number of fishers and traps within each management zone. Focusing events played a less prominent role in the environmental reforms in this smaller political arena than they did in the larger political arenas in the Great Plains, United Kingdom, and Cuba.

Rum, Romanism, and Evangelism: Protestants and Catholics in Late-Nineteenth-Century Boston

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Bendroth
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Baptist Church ◽  
The North ◽  
Thursday Morning ◽  
Evangelical Protestants ◽  
The Common ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The City

On the morning of Wednesday, May 20,1885, Boston police arrested three Protestant clergymen for preaching on the Common. News of the outrage traveled quickly, and within hours the city's evangelical Protestants were in an uproar. When the preachers—A. J. Gordon, pastor of the Clarendon Street Baptist church; H. L. Hastings, editor of a locally popular evangelical periodical, the Christian; and W. H. Davis, superintendent of a mission in the North End—appeared at the Municipal Criminal Courthouse on Thursday morning, a crowd reported to be between four thousand and five thousand, “principally of the middle-class, well-dressed and well behaved,” thronged the steps of the building. “[I]t was clearly evident,” Hastings later wrote, “that something unusual was going on in the police court of the city of Boston.”

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