scholarly journals Computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations for hospitalised older adults: evaluation of the relationship between clinical relevance and rate of implementation in the SENATOR trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran Dalton ◽  
Denis Curtin ◽  
Denis O’Mahony ◽  
Stephen Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Implementation Rate ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trial Intervention

Abstract Background findings from a recent qualitative study indicate that the perceived clinical relevance of computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations was a key factor affecting their implementation by physician prescribers caring for hospitalised older adults in the SENATOR trial. Aim to systematically evaluate the clinical relevance of these recommendations and to establish if clinical relevance significantly affected the implementation rate. Methods a pharmacist–physician pair retrospectively reviewed the case records for all SENATOR trial intervention patients at Cork University Hospital and assigned a degree of clinical relevance for each STOPP/START recommendation based on a previously validated six-point scale. The chi-square test was used to quantify the differences in prescriber implementation rates between recommendations of varying clinical relevance, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results in 204 intervention patients, the SENATOR software produced 925 STOPP/START recommendations. Nearly three quarters of recommendations were judged to be clinically relevant (73.6%); however, nearly half of these were deemed of ‘possibly low relevance’ (320/681; 47%). Recommendations deemed of higher clinical relevance were significantly more likely to be implemented than those of lower clinical relevance (P < 0.05). Conclusions a large proportion (61%) of the computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations provided were of potential ‘adverse significance’, of ‘no clinical relevance’ or of ‘possibly low relevance’. The adjudicated clinical relevance of computer-generated medication recommendations significantly affects their implementation. Meticulous software refinement is required for future interventions of this type to increase the proportion of recommendations that are of high clinical relevance. This should facilitate their implementation, resulting in prescribing optimisation and improved clinical outcomes for multimorbid older adults.

scholarly journals Adherence with the WHO's hand hygiene recommendations in an Algerian university hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Chelghoum ◽  
Nadjet Lariche ◽  
Ismahene Belbah
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Relationship

Adherence to hand hygiene recommendations by health care workers (HCWs) participate to minimize healthcare-associated infections. There are few studies, to our present state of knowledge, which interested in the rate of adherence in Algerian hospitals and no one on the associated factors with the non-adherence by HCWs. The objective was to determine the rate of adherence with WHO's hand hygiene recommendations and to identify factors associated with non-adherence, in a regional university hospital. The method used was the direct observation, based on the recording of hygienic actions in opportunities for HCWs in front of the WHO's five indications. To determine the factors associated with non-adherence, a questionnaire was administrated to HCWs. The relationship between the different factors and the achievement of a hygiene action was evaluated by Pearson's Chi-square test. 503 opportunities for hand hygiene were observed among 206 HCWs, during 19 observation sessions. Simple handwashing was noted in 19% of hand hygiene actions. The overall adherence was 21 %. There was a wide variation in the adherence rates between the different departments and the different types of HCWs. There was a statistically significant association (p

scholarly journals Index Analysis of Osteonecrosis and Related Causes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Yuju Cao ◽  
Huiqiang Wu ◽  
Feimeng An ◽  
Changxu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The pathogenesis of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH ) is related to the interruption of blood supply caused by lipid metabolism and hypercoagulability. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between clinical biochemical parameters and non-traumatic ONFH. Methods: The basic information and biochemical indexes of 1292 patients with non- traumatic ONFH and 1880 healthy controls were collected. SPSS software (version 22.0) was used to process and analyze the data. T-test was used for quantitative analysis. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.p< 0.05 were the index with statistical significance. Results: In the population sample, TC (p= 0.00004), LDL (p= 0.014) and PLT (p= 0.000005) levels were statistically significant between the two groups.In men, levels of TC (p = 0.004), LDL (p= 0.011), and PLT (p= 0.00005) were statistically significant between the two groups.In women, TC (p= 0.001) and PLT (p= 0.048) levels were statistically significant between the two groups.There were differences in TC (p= 0.00001) and PLT (p= 0.031) levels between the case group and the control group in samples aged less than 45 years.There were differences in LDL (p= 0.00002) and PLT (p= 0.022) levels between the two groups in samples older than 45 years.Compared with the control group, patients with alcohol-induced ONFH had HDL (p = 0.002).LDL (p= 0.00002);The level of PLT (p= 0.0001) was significantly different.HDL (p = 0.005) was found in alcohol-induced ONFH patients younger than 45 years of age.The PLT level (p=0.045) was different from that of the control group.There was a difference in LDL (p= 0.000003) levels between control and alcohol-induced ONFH patients older than 45 years.The older the onset age, the TC in vivo;HDL;LDL;ApoA1;ApoB;The lower the PLT level.With the prolongation of the onset time, the PLT level in the patient's body is decreasing continuously.Conclusion: The changes of biochemical indexes are closely related to the occurrence of non-traumatic ONFH. Our research can provide a new direction for the prevention of ONFH.

scholarly journals A Study on Otorhinolaryngological Presentations in Covid 19 Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Smitha ◽  
Nikitha Pillai ◽  
Bindya Nayak ◽  
Jedhin Raveendran
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Written Informed Consent

AbstractCorona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is the causative agent of COVID 19 disease. It mainly spreads via the respiratory route by means of aerosols. The objectives of our study were. To know the prevalence of ENT presentations in COVID 19 patients and to know the relationship between the symptoms and category of the disease as well as to know the relation between the blood group and recovery from the disease. The first 500 patients who were tested positive for COVID 19 and getting treated in our hospital were included in the study after taking written informed consent from the patients who were willing to participate in the study. A detailed history was taken from all the patients and more stress was given on the ENT symptoms with respect to its onset, duration and time taken for the relief of symptoms. The ENT symptoms were compared with the category of the disease as well as the blood group of the patients. Statistical analysis was done using Chi square test and Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] for Windows Version 22.0 Released 2013. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp., was used to perform statistical analyses. In our study 310 (62.0%) were males and 190 (38.0%) patients were females (38%), of age group ranging from 2 years to 87 years. In our study 367 (73.3%) patients were symptomatic and the rest 133 (26.6%) were asymptomatic. There were 335 (67.0%) patients in category A, 140 (28.0%) in category B and 25 (5.0%) in category C. The most common ENT presentation was headache and its prevelance was more in category C and it was of statistical significance. On comparing the blood group and the ENT symptoms occurrence of sore throat was of statistical significance and its prevelance was more among the O blood group patients. In terms of recovery from the disease the patients with blood group O had good recovery rate. Covid 19 pandemic is still an on going problem and newer strains of the virus are arising as well hence. In our study we found out that isolated ENT symptoms such as aguesia and anosmia were the only presentation of the disease. Thus they can be considered as early marker of the disease and it will be helpful in early detection and isolation of the patient as well as prevention of further spread of the disease.

Influence of Superior Attachment of the Uncinate Process on the Presence of Agger Nasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Rahul Shivaraj ◽  
Cimona Dsouza ◽  
George Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Middle Turbinate ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective The superior attachment of the uncinate process and the agger nasi cell are important landmarks in frontal sinus surgery and are in close relation with each other. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the two. Study design A retrospective radiological study. Materials and methods A total of 50 patients with features of chronic sinusitis were evaluated radiographically, i.e., by computed tomography. Hundred sides, i.e., 50 scans, were evaluated for superior attachment of the uncinate process and the presence of agger nasi. Chi-square test was used as a statistical tool for eliciting the relationship between the two. Results The agger nasi cell was found in 68 (68%) of 100 sides. The prevalence of agger nasi cell according to the superior attachment of uncinate process types was 64.1% for lamina papyracea, 79.41% for skull base, and 53.84% for middle turbinate. The presence of agger nasi cell according to the superior attachment types of uncinate process was not statistically significant (X2 = 3.5925, p = 0.16592). Conclusion The agger nasi cell was found in 68 sides (68%), and there was no statistical significance between the superior attachment of the uncinate process and the presence of agger nasi cell. How to cite this article Shivaraj R, Dsouza C, Pinto G. Influence of Superior Attachment of the Uncinate Process on the Presence of Agger Nasi. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):21-23.

scholarly journals Predictor Model of Root Caries in Older Adults: Reporting of Evidence to the Translational Evidence Mechanism

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Bauer JG ◽  
Spackman S ◽  
Dong J ◽  
Garrett N
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Unpublished Manuscript ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Predictor Model

Compared to younger adults, older adults are at greater risk for root caries. A model of root caries may assist dentists in predicting disease outcomes. OBJECTIVES: Using the Iowa 65+ Oral Health Survey, analysis was done to model the patterns of the root caries development in older adults.Methods:The statistical analysis included Markov chain modeling, model estimation and validation.Results:The model effectively predicts root caries using an 18-month predictive cycle and is validated up to 36 months (two cycles), with no significant differences (Chi-square test p-values >0.1) between predicted and observed distributions. However, we do not have observed data for validation beyond 36 months since the model was designed to perform only at single or multiple 18-month cycles. As expected, the predicted distribution at 54-month (3 cycles) and the observed distribution at 60-month differed significantly (p<0.0001).Conclusions:The model demonstrated a high probability that a sound surface will remain caries free. However, one and multiple-surface lesions aggressively infect adjoining surfaces. Maturing of the carious lesion occurs with the 4-surface lesion, decreasing the probability of tooth loss. Thus, maintaining a sound root surface and early treatment intervention reduces the risk of tooth dysfunction (morphological destruction) and loss.DATABASE FILTERS:P:Tooth/Subject characteristics-Older adults, 65 years of age or more, male and female participants, regional rural Iowa residents, race unspecified, functional status-non-institutionalized level unspecified, risk level unspecifiedI:Root cariesP(C-not applicable): Probability/Statistical significance for decision data only/Clinical significance-dataset over 20 years old/Utility data not included/Cost data not included/Meaning in practice undetermined.O:Each year through a three year cycle, caries progression from a sound root surfaceA:Data attached:■ Published manuscript□ Unpublished manuscript□ Raw dataR:Primary author contact information present

scholarly journals PHLEBITIS IN PERIPHERAL VASCULAR CATHETERS OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Rosane Soares
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Venous Puncture ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vascular Catheters

Objective: To identify the occurrence of mechanical and chemical phlebitis in peripheral venous catheters of hospitalized adult patients. Method: a descriptive observational study with 100 patients over 18 years of age who underwent peripheral venous puncture, performed in September and October 2016 at the Adult Hospitalization Unit of a University Hospital. The site of insertion of the peripheral puncture device was evaluated daily in order to identify signs and symptoms of phlebitis. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, considering statistical significance when p <0.05. Results: Phlebitis occurred in 21% of cases, with grade 1 (52.4%) prevalent. Of the 21 cases, 14 occurred due to mechanical causes, 50% due to repeated punctures and 7 due to chemical causes, which presented a statistically significant value in relation to some medications used (p = 0.008). Conclusion: the result of the study made the importance of the multiprofessional team in the care of these patients perceptible.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Between Cytochrome P450 Polymorphisms and T2DM Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
QingBin Zhao ◽  
Huiyi Wei ◽  
Zhiying Li ◽  
Haoyang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Gender Stratification ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Recent studies have identified some genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 related to disease susceptibility. However, it has not been reported whether polymorphisms in CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We designed a case-control study to evaluate the relationship between those CYP polymorphisms and T2DM risk. Methods: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 were genotyped from 512 patients and 515 healthy controls using Agena MassARRAY. The chi-square test was used to compare the differences in allele and genotype frequencies between the two groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between polymorphism and T2DM risk. Results: The results found that the rs1065852 in CYP2D6 was correlated with the T2DM risk in overall (A vs. G: OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03–1.45, P = 0.024; AA vs.GG: OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04–2.06, P = 0.031; AA-AG vs. GG: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04–1.79, P = 0.026; additive: OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02–1.44, P = 0.027). Gender stratification analysis results demonstrated that the rs1065852 in CYP2D6 was related with an increased the risk of T2DM in male and age < 59 years old. However, no statistical significance relation was found between CYP2C8 SNPs and T2DM risk. Conclusions: This study revealed that CYP2D6 (rs1065852) could be potential genetic markers of susceptibility to T2DM. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Predictors and Motivation for Seat Belt Use – A Case Study in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Zoran Injac ◽  
Milan Vujanić ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Boris Antić
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Road ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Seat Belt Use ◽  
The Relationship

The use of seat belts, for drivers and car occupants, results in reducing the rate of fatalities and severe road injuries. In this research, the methodology of the survey was applied through the self-reporting behaviour of the respondents who determined the subjective risk based on the attitudes of the traffic participants. To evaluate the statistical significance of the categorical variables, Pearson's chi-square test was used. For certain groups of examinees, the results of the relationship (association) between socio demographic characteristics were analysed as predictors of behaviour with the degree of seat belt use. Some other predictors of behaviour, such as the road and mood predictors were analysed as well. Interest was also focused on finding out what motivated certain groups of examinees to use the seat belt. Based on the results of this research, it is possible to classify the drivers and car occupants into certain groups with respect to the seat belt use while driving. This can help in determining the ways of eliminating problems related to the low degree of seat belt use.

scholarly journals Local community attitude toward tourism development in capital cities: Example of Belgrade

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Vujović ◽  
Nenad Vujić ◽  
Jelena Premović ◽  
Marija Kalinić
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Program Version

The research was done empirically in order to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and respondents' opinions on the advantages of the tourist offer of Belgrade over other European capitals as tourist destinations. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (percentages, arithmetic mean), Chi-square test, t-test, one-factor analysis of variance, multiple linear regression and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and all obtained data were processed in the SPSS program, version 23.

scholarly journals Assessment Of Schoolchildren’s Temporomandibular Joint Sounds Associated With Bruxism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fathy Arafa ◽  
Nawras Maher Mostafa ◽  
Shady Ahmed Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Manual Palpation ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

Many studies have explained temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds in children are frequent with TMJ disorder. In addition to multiple divergent findings are designed to evaluate the relationship between bruxism and TMJ disorder in children. Aim: study was designed and conducted to assess the possible relationship between bruxism and joint sounds in schoolchildren. Subjects and Methods: The sample comprised 60 schoolchildren participants between 6 to 10 years of age, of whom 30 children with bruxism as study group G1 and another 30 without bruxism as a control group G2 who were scheduled and randomly selected for treatment at (Outpatient Dental Clinics, Zagazig University Hospital). Examiner performed assessment who was blinded allocation of the groups. Assessment involved of (manual palpation, lateral and dorsal extra-auricular auscultation of TMJ by stethoscope for detecting of joint sounds, differentiating between joint sounds as a click/pop or crepitation) Three readings were performed on each participant. Collected data were checked, entered and statistically analyzed to test different variables by chi-square test with the level of significance (p< 0.05). Results: There were statistically significant association between joint sounds with regarding to bruxism and age, which showed the higher prevalence rates of joint sounds were found in children aged eight to ten years in comparison to those aged sex and seven years. However, there were statistically insignificant association between joints sounds and type in relation to gender. Conclusion: The bruxism in children may be associated with the symptoms of joint sounds with significant association regarding to age. Keywords: Bruxism; Temporomandibular Joint; Child; bruxism; TMJ sound

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