scholarly journals A Study on Otorhinolaryngological Presentations in Covid 19 Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Smitha ◽  
Nikitha Pillai ◽  
Bindya Nayak ◽  
Jedhin Raveendran
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Written Informed Consent

AbstractCorona virus also known as 2019 novel corona virus, a single stranded positive sense RNA virus is the causative agent of COVID 19 disease. It mainly spreads via the respiratory route by means of aerosols. The objectives of our study were. To know the prevalence of ENT presentations in COVID 19 patients and to know the relationship between the symptoms and category of the disease as well as to know the relation between the blood group and recovery from the disease. The first 500 patients who were tested positive for COVID 19 and getting treated in our hospital were included in the study after taking written informed consent from the patients who were willing to participate in the study. A detailed history was taken from all the patients and more stress was given on the ENT symptoms with respect to its onset, duration and time taken for the relief of symptoms. The ENT symptoms were compared with the category of the disease as well as the blood group of the patients. Statistical analysis was done using Chi square test and Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] for Windows Version 22.0 Released 2013. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp., was used to perform statistical analyses. In our study 310 (62.0%) were males and 190 (38.0%) patients were females (38%), of age group ranging from 2 years to 87 years. In our study 367 (73.3%) patients were symptomatic and the rest 133 (26.6%) were asymptomatic. There were 335 (67.0%) patients in category A, 140 (28.0%) in category B and 25 (5.0%) in category C. The most common ENT presentation was headache and its prevelance was more in category C and it was of statistical significance. On comparing the blood group and the ENT symptoms occurrence of sore throat was of statistical significance and its prevelance was more among the O blood group patients. In terms of recovery from the disease the patients with blood group O had good recovery rate. Covid 19 pandemic is still an on going problem and newer strains of the virus are arising as well hence. In our study we found out that isolated ENT symptoms such as aguesia and anosmia were the only presentation of the disease. Thus they can be considered as early marker of the disease and it will be helpful in early detection and isolation of the patient as well as prevention of further spread of the disease.

Validation of a Breastfeeding History Questionnaire for the Risk of In-Hospital Formula Supplementation Among Multiparous Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-671
Author(s):  
Whitney R. Bender ◽  
Nathanael C. Koelper ◽  
Mary D. Sammel ◽  
Celeste Durnwald
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: A woman’s prior breastfeeding history may influence future decisions regarding infant feeding. Few quantitative tools utilizing this information have been demonstrated to predict breastfeeding success. Research aim: To evaluate the efficacy of a prenatal breastfeeding history (BAP) questionnaire administered in prenatal care to predict in-hospital formula supplementation among multiparous women. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of multiparous women with singleton pregnancies who presented to a Baby-Friendly urban tertiary care center for 1st prenatal visit at < 20 weeks’ gestation. The BAP tool generates a numerical score, with higher score (≥ 2) indicating prior successful breastfeeding experiences. The primary outcome was occurrence of non-medically indicated formula supplementation during the postpartum hospital stay. Student’s t test and Pearson’s chi-square test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship of BAP score to formula supplementation. Of 587 women screened, 433 (73.8%) mother–infant dyads were analyzed. Results: Rates of formula supplementation in women with BAP scores ≤ 1 were 67% (156/234) compared with 37% (73/199) in women with higher scores ( p < 0.0001). After controlling for race/ethnicity, insurance, and obesity, women with BAP scores of ≤ 1 were 2.6 times more likely to supplement formula than women with higher scores (a OR 2.62, 95% CI [1.70, 4.04], p < .0001). Conclusion: In this prospective validation study, women with negative prior breastfeeding experiences, as evidenced by a lower BAP score, were more likely to supplement formula during the postpartum hospital stay.

scholarly journals Index Analysis of Osteonecrosis and Related Causes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Yuju Cao ◽  
Huiqiang Wu ◽  
Feimeng An ◽  
Changxu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The pathogenesis of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH ) is related to the interruption of blood supply caused by lipid metabolism and hypercoagulability. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between clinical biochemical parameters and non-traumatic ONFH. Methods: The basic information and biochemical indexes of 1292 patients with non- traumatic ONFH and 1880 healthy controls were collected. SPSS software (version 22.0) was used to process and analyze the data. T-test was used for quantitative analysis. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.p< 0.05 were the index with statistical significance. Results: In the population sample, TC (p= 0.00004), LDL (p= 0.014) and PLT (p= 0.000005) levels were statistically significant between the two groups.In men, levels of TC (p = 0.004), LDL (p= 0.011), and PLT (p= 0.00005) were statistically significant between the two groups.In women, TC (p= 0.001) and PLT (p= 0.048) levels were statistically significant between the two groups.There were differences in TC (p= 0.00001) and PLT (p= 0.031) levels between the case group and the control group in samples aged less than 45 years.There were differences in LDL (p= 0.00002) and PLT (p= 0.022) levels between the two groups in samples older than 45 years.Compared with the control group, patients with alcohol-induced ONFH had HDL (p = 0.002).LDL (p= 0.00002);The level of PLT (p= 0.0001) was significantly different.HDL (p = 0.005) was found in alcohol-induced ONFH patients younger than 45 years of age.The PLT level (p=0.045) was different from that of the control group.There was a difference in LDL (p= 0.000003) levels between control and alcohol-induced ONFH patients older than 45 years.The older the onset age, the TC in vivo;HDL;LDL;ApoA1;ApoB;The lower the PLT level.With the prolongation of the onset time, the PLT level in the patient's body is decreasing continuously.Conclusion: The changes of biochemical indexes are closely related to the occurrence of non-traumatic ONFH. Our research can provide a new direction for the prevention of ONFH.

Influence of Superior Attachment of the Uncinate Process on the Presence of Agger Nasi

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Rahul Shivaraj ◽  
Cimona Dsouza ◽  
George Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Middle Turbinate ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective The superior attachment of the uncinate process and the agger nasi cell are important landmarks in frontal sinus surgery and are in close relation with each other. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the two. Study design A retrospective radiological study. Materials and methods A total of 50 patients with features of chronic sinusitis were evaluated radiographically, i.e., by computed tomography. Hundred sides, i.e., 50 scans, were evaluated for superior attachment of the uncinate process and the presence of agger nasi. Chi-square test was used as a statistical tool for eliciting the relationship between the two. Results The agger nasi cell was found in 68 (68%) of 100 sides. The prevalence of agger nasi cell according to the superior attachment of uncinate process types was 64.1% for lamina papyracea, 79.41% for skull base, and 53.84% for middle turbinate. The presence of agger nasi cell according to the superior attachment types of uncinate process was not statistically significant (X2 = 3.5925, p = 0.16592). Conclusion The agger nasi cell was found in 68 sides (68%), and there was no statistical significance between the superior attachment of the uncinate process and the presence of agger nasi cell. How to cite this article Shivaraj R, Dsouza C, Pinto G. Influence of Superior Attachment of the Uncinate Process on the Presence of Agger Nasi. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):21-23.

scholarly journals Association of ABO Blood Group Phenotype and Allele Frequency with Chikungunya Fever

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pairaya Rujirojindakul ◽  
Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong ◽  
Pornprot Limprasert
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group Allele

Background. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of the ABO blood group phenotype and allele frequency with CHIK fever.Methods. A rural community survey in Southern Thailand was conducted in August and September 2010. A total of 506 villagers were enrolled. Cases were defined as individuals having anti-CHIK IgG by hemagglutination ≥1 : 10.Results. There were 314 cases (62.1%) with CHIK seropositivity. Females were less likely to have positive anti-CHIK IgG with odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) of 0.63 (0.43, 0.93). All samples tested were Rh positive. Distribution of CHIK seropositivity versus seronegativity (Pvalue) in A, B, AB, and O blood groups was 80 versus 46 (0.003), 80 versus 48 (0.005), 24 versus 20 (0.55), and 130 versus 78 (<0.001), respectively. However, chi-square test between ABO and CHIK infection showed no statistical significanceP=0.76. Comparison of the ABO blood group allele frequency between CHIK seropositivity and seronegativity was not statistically significant.Conclusion. This finding demonstrated no association of the ABO blood group phenotypes and allele frequencies with CHIK infection.

scholarly journals Computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations for hospitalised older adults: evaluation of the relationship between clinical relevance and rate of implementation in the SENATOR trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran Dalton ◽  
Denis Curtin ◽  
Denis O’Mahony ◽  
Stephen Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Implementation Rate ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trial Intervention

Abstract Background findings from a recent qualitative study indicate that the perceived clinical relevance of computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations was a key factor affecting their implementation by physician prescribers caring for hospitalised older adults in the SENATOR trial. Aim to systematically evaluate the clinical relevance of these recommendations and to establish if clinical relevance significantly affected the implementation rate. Methods a pharmacist–physician pair retrospectively reviewed the case records for all SENATOR trial intervention patients at Cork University Hospital and assigned a degree of clinical relevance for each STOPP/START recommendation based on a previously validated six-point scale. The chi-square test was used to quantify the differences in prescriber implementation rates between recommendations of varying clinical relevance, with statistical significance set at P &lt; 0.05. Results in 204 intervention patients, the SENATOR software produced 925 STOPP/START recommendations. Nearly three quarters of recommendations were judged to be clinically relevant (73.6%); however, nearly half of these were deemed of ‘possibly low relevance’ (320/681; 47%). Recommendations deemed of higher clinical relevance were significantly more likely to be implemented than those of lower clinical relevance (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions a large proportion (61%) of the computer-generated STOPP/START recommendations provided were of potential ‘adverse significance’, of ‘no clinical relevance’ or of ‘possibly low relevance’. The adjudicated clinical relevance of computer-generated medication recommendations significantly affects their implementation. Meticulous software refinement is required for future interventions of this type to increase the proportion of recommendations that are of high clinical relevance. This should facilitate their implementation, resulting in prescribing optimisation and improved clinical outcomes for multimorbid older adults.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Between Cytochrome P450 Polymorphisms and T2DM Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
QingBin Zhao ◽  
Huiyi Wei ◽  
Zhiying Li ◽  
Haoyang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Gender Stratification ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Recent studies have identified some genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 related to disease susceptibility. However, it has not been reported whether polymorphisms in CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We designed a case-control study to evaluate the relationship between those CYP polymorphisms and T2DM risk. Methods: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP2C8 and CYP2D6 were genotyped from 512 patients and 515 healthy controls using Agena MassARRAY. The chi-square test was used to compare the differences in allele and genotype frequencies between the two groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between polymorphism and T2DM risk. Results: The results found that the rs1065852 in CYP2D6 was correlated with the T2DM risk in overall (A vs. G: OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03–1.45, P = 0.024; AA vs.GG: OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04–2.06, P = 0.031; AA-AG vs. GG: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04–1.79, P = 0.026; additive: OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02–1.44, P = 0.027). Gender stratification analysis results demonstrated that the rs1065852 in CYP2D6 was related with an increased the risk of T2DM in male and age < 59 years old. However, no statistical significance relation was found between CYP2C8 SNPs and T2DM risk. Conclusions: This study revealed that CYP2D6 (rs1065852) could be potential genetic markers of susceptibility to T2DM. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Genotypic and Alelicas Frequencies of the ABO and Rh Systems in the State of Rio Grande Do Norte, Northeast of Brazil

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 4990-4990
Author(s):  
Linduarte Varela Morais ◽  
Aldair Sousa Paiva ◽  
Valéria SF Sales ◽  
Geraldo Barroso Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group B

Objective: To determine the immunophenotyping of a population of blood donors, intended to build a database for transfusion medicine. 2) To make available to patients with chronic diseases that are systematically dependent on blood transfusions as compatible as possible in ABH, Rh (DCcEe) and Kell 1 antigen systems. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 11,664 blood donors for the ABH system typing and of these, 1255 blood donors were selected randomly for the determination of blood group antigens of the Rh system and Kell antigen. Blood centrifugation methods, centrifuge hemolysis tube test and indirect Coombs test were used for blood typing. The results obtained were compared by the Chi-square test. A level of statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05 was considered. Results: Antigenic frequencies for the ABH system found: the frequency found for the blood group O 48.8%, the frequency found for the blood group A 35.4%; the frequency found for the blood group B 10.6% and the frequency found for the blood group AB 3.2%. In the Rh-Hr system the most frequent antigens found: e 94.5%, D 88.9%; c 80.6; C 56.4%; E 26.3%. For the Kell antigen, the frequency found was 6.7%. The most frequent phenotypes found were DCcee 23.3%; ddccee 18.1%, DCCee 16.7%; Dccee 11.0%; DCcEe 10.2% and DccEe 8.8%. The lowest frequency was found: DCcEE 0.64% and ddCcEe 0.08% Conclusion: The antigenic and phenotypic frequencies found show the great importance and necessity of the immunophenotyping of these antigens of blood groups in order to transfuse them, making them as compatible as possible, thus reducing the risk of alloimmunization. Due to the great miscegenation of our population, we find different frequencies in each region, making initiatives in this regard more relevant. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Predictors and Motivation for Seat Belt Use – A Case Study in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Zoran Injac ◽  
Milan Vujanić ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Boris Antić
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Road ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Seat Belt Use ◽  
The Relationship

The use of seat belts, for drivers and car occupants, results in reducing the rate of fatalities and severe road injuries. In this research, the methodology of the survey was applied through the self-reporting behaviour of the respondents who determined the subjective risk based on the attitudes of the traffic participants. To evaluate the statistical significance of the categorical variables, Pearson's chi-square test was used. For certain groups of examinees, the results of the relationship (association) between socio demographic characteristics were analysed as predictors of behaviour with the degree of seat belt use. Some other predictors of behaviour, such as the road and mood predictors were analysed as well. Interest was also focused on finding out what motivated certain groups of examinees to use the seat belt. Based on the results of this research, it is possible to classify the drivers and car occupants into certain groups with respect to the seat belt use while driving. This can help in determining the ways of eliminating problems related to the low degree of seat belt use.

scholarly journals Local community attitude toward tourism development in capital cities: Example of Belgrade

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Vujović ◽  
Nenad Vujić ◽  
Jelena Premović ◽  
Marija Kalinić
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Program Version

The research was done empirically in order to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and respondents' opinions on the advantages of the tourist offer of Belgrade over other European capitals as tourist destinations. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (percentages, arithmetic mean), Chi-square test, t-test, one-factor analysis of variance, multiple linear regression and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and all obtained data were processed in the SPSS program, version 23.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhaan Terapi Antiretroviral (ARV) pada Pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUD Abepura Jayapura

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Konstantina Pariaribo ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Bagoes Widjanarko ◽  
Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Family Supports ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS is a major problem in many countries. Antiretroviral (ARV) has become the solution for preventing the pandemic disease. This research aimed to find out risk factors, which affected the HIV/AIDS patients adherence to the antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. The research took place at RSUD Abepura in Jayapura.Method: The research applied an analytical observational design with a case control, which was supported by qualitative data. There were 86 respondents involved, consisting of 43 case and 43 control respondents. Samples collection used a Simple Random Sampling. Instruments used for this study were questioners and indepth interviews. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using a chi-square test. In addition, it also performed a multivariate analysis using logistic regression test.Results: The research found three risk factors that affected the HIV/AIDS patients adherence to ARV: occupation (p = 0.005; OR = 4.472; 95% CI = 1.633-12.245), inaccessibility to health care center (p = 0.008; OR = 3.675; 95% CI = 1.476-9.146), lacking family supports (p=0.013; OR =3.606; 95% CI = 1.398-9.146). Other factors, sex, age, knowledge, apathetic manner,side-effect history, therapeutic tenure, ethnic background, counseling personnel, health care provider attitude, religious approach, alternative medicine intake, and herbal medicine use, did not have significant affects.Conclusion: Factors that affected the ARV therapy adherence were occupation, inaccessibility to health care center, and lacking family supports.

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