scholarly journals Lactose digestion in humans: intestinal lactase appears to be constitutive whereas the colonic microbiome is adaptable

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Forsgård
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Expression Evidence ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

ABSTRACTGlobally, ∼70% of adults are deficient in intestinal lactase, the enzyme required for the digestion of lactose. In these individuals, the consumption of lactose-containing milk and dairy products can lead to the development of various gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The primary solution to lactose intolerance is withdrawing lactose from the diet either by eliminating dairy products altogether or substituting lactose-free alternatives. However, studies have shown that certain individuals erroneously attribute their GI symptoms to lactose and thus prefer to consume lactose-free products. This has raised the question whether consuming lactose-free products reduces an individual's ability to absorb dietary lactose and if lactose-absorbers should thus avoid these products. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the acclimatization of lactose processing in humans. Human studies that have attempted to induce intestinal lactase expression with different lactose feeding protocols have consistently shown lack of enzyme induction. Similarly, withdrawing lactose from the diet does not reduce intestinal lactase expression. Evidence from cross-sectional studies shows that milk or dairy consumption is a poor indicator of lactase status, corroborating the results of intervention studies. However, in lactase-deficient individuals, lactose feeding supports the growth of lactose-digesting bacteria in the colon, which enhances colonic lactose processing and possibly results in the reduction of intolerance symptoms. This process is referred to as colonic adaptation. In conclusion, endogenous lactase expression does not depend on the presence of dietary lactose, but in susceptible individuals, dietary lactose might improve intolerance symptoms via colonic adaptation. For these individuals, lactose withdrawal results in the loss of colonic adaptation, which might lower the threshold for intolerance symptoms if lactose is reintroduced into the diet.

scholarly journals Assessment of Milk Consumption and Lactose Intolerance among Self Perceived Lactose Intolerant Student of Abia State Polytechnic, Aba, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
O. E. Elekwachi ◽  
O. C. Afam-Anene ◽  
C. O. Asinobi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Objective: The study assessed milk consumption and prevalence of lactose intolerance among self-perceived lactose intolerant students of Abia State Polytechnic, Aba. Subject and Methods: The study involved 121 self-reported lactose intolerants students from which 76 students with confirmed cases of lactose intolerant were selected from two purposively selected departments namely: Food Science and Technology (F.S.T) and Hospitality Management Technology (H.M.T) Abia State Polytechnic Aba. Questionnaires were used to collect information on dairy consumption and self- perceived intolerance to milk; while milk tolerance test was used to investigate the incidence of lactose tolerance among the student Results: The result shows that self-perceived lactose intolerance was higher (89%) than the estimated prevalence of (79%) among the students. The majority of the students consumed milk and dairy products, with percentages of 100%, 82%, 72%, and 100% for milk, ice cream, yoghurt, and flavored dairy products, respectively. The frequency and serving portions consumed per day were small. The percentages were 24%, 17%, 16%, and 15% for milk, ice cream, yoghurt, and flavored dairy products, respectively. None of the subjects consumed up to 2 serving of milk per day. Conclusion: The result shows that a high percentage of the students still consume milk and dairy products, irrespective of their lactose intolerance. This suggests that lactose intolerance could not stop the subjects from consuming milk and dairy products. The low frequency of daily consumers of milk and dairy products coupled with small portion sizes of milk and dairy products indicates that dairy consumption among the subjects was poor and inappropriate. Inappropriate consumption of milk and dairy products would fail to meet the nutritional needs of the consumer.

scholarly journals Associations of types of dairy consumption with adiposity: cross-sectional findings from over 12 000 adults in the Fenland Study, UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 928-935
Author(s):  
Eirini Trichia ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Søren Brage ◽  
Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe ◽  
Simon J. Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dairy Consumption

AbstractEvidence from randomised controlled trials supports beneficial effects of total dairy products on body weight, fat and lean mass, but evidence on associations of dairy types with distributions of body fat and lean mass is limited. We aimed to investigate associations of total and different types of dairy products with markers of adiposity, and body fat and lean mass distribution. We evaluated cross-sectional data from 12 065 adults aged 30–65 years recruited to the Fenland Study between 2005 and 2015 in Cambridgeshire, UK. Diet was assessed with an FFQ. We estimated regression coefficients (or percentage differences) and their 95 % CI using multiple linear regression models. The medians of milk, yogurt and cheese consumption were 293 (interquartile range (IQR) 146–439), 35·3 (IQR 8·8–71·8) and 14·6 (IQR 4·8–26·9) g/d, respectively. Low-fat dairy consumption was inversely associated with visceral:subcutaneous fat ratio estimated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (–2·58 % (95 % CI –3·91, –1·23 %) per serving/d). Habitual consumption per serving/d (200 g) of milk was associated with 0·33 (95 % CI 0·19, 0·46) kg higher lean mass. Other associations were not significant after false discovery correction. Our findings suggest that the influence of milk consumption on lean mass and of low-fat dairy consumption on fat mass distribution may be potential pathways for the link between dairy consumption and metabolic risk. Our cross-sectional findings warrant further research in prospective and experimental studies in diverse populations.

scholarly journals Analysis of economic issues relating to the dairy sector, with emphasis on price transmission

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Péter András Popovics
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
Vertical Coordination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Symmetry Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products ◽  
The Eu

The dramatic decline in consumption after 1990 was an important problem during the analysis of the sector. Even today, consumption is still below the degree that was before the political change, and significantly lags behind the EU level.The importance of this topic is emphasized by the fact that surplus milk could be marketed through the increased domestic consumption; this would create a more stable and calculable situation for farmers. Therefore, I considered it important to reveal what factors and by what shares influence the consumption of milk and dairy products. The relationship, time series and cross-sectional analysis based on national and international databases demonstrate the relationship between the consumption of milk and dairy products and the other determining factors of consumption in Hungary and in the EU-25 through diagrams. I draw the conclusion that there is a medium correlation between the development of the economy, the higher income level and the consumption of milk and dairy products. Just before our EU accession, the dairy sector was one of the most critical industries of Hungarian agriculture, which is why I chose this for my analysis. I regard as a new scientific result the econometric analysis of the asymmetric market conditions in the price transmission approach within our dairy sector between 1995 and 2003. I confirmed and quantified that the market is under an oligopoly and defined the direction of price adjustment. Furthermore, I regard as a new result in the price transmission analysis (also published in the article published with Dr. József Tóth), that the three possible dimensions (elasticity, a symmetry relations,lag) are analysed simultaneously.Therefore,a more sophisticated picture is given on price transmission. The theoretical advantages and disadvantages are verified by an example of a vertical coordination based on the horizontal cooperation in the dairy sector (Alföldi Tej Ltd).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lactose in Milk and Dairy Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Simone Leal da Costa ◽  
Natália Porfírio Rossi ◽  
Rafael Resende Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Galactose Metabolism ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Milk is an emulsion containing fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals and water. Lactose is the main carbohydrate presented in milk and dairy products. This sugar is composed by one unit of glucose and one of galactose. Metabolism of lactose depends on enzyme lactase which hydrolyzes this sugar. In some cases, lactase may be absent or an insufficient quantity in human body. Deficiency in lactase production causes numerous symptoms such as diarrhea; abdominal pain and bloating that characterize lactose intolerance. The aim of this work was to evaluate concentration of lactose in milk and dairy products to determine the effect of the processing and to calculate the quantity of each product which can be consumed without symptoms in lactose intolerant. Results obtained show lactose concentration of 4.42% w/v in Milk; 3.5% w/w in Minas cheese; 9.9%w/v in condensed milk and 4.76%w/v in yogurt. Portion innocous ranged from 60 to 170 mL depending on each product.

scholarly journals Nutrient intakes of children aged 1–2 years as a function of milk consumption, cows’ milk or growing-up milk

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Ghisolfi ◽  
Marc Fantino ◽  
Dominique Turck ◽  
Geneviève Potier de Courcy ◽  
Michel Vidailhet
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Daily Allowance ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets in early childhood as a function of milk intake, cows’ milk (CM) or growing-up milk (GUM).DesignFrom a cross-sectional food consumption survey, two groups of children aged 1–2 years were defined: Group CM fed exclusively on CM ≥ 250 ml/d and Group GUM fed on GUM ≥ 250 ml/d. Proportions of children at risk of nutrient excess or insufficiency were estimated relative to the French Recommended Daily Allowances, Estimated Average Requirements or Adequate Intakes.SettingParents participating in the survey were recruited from all regions of France by a polling organization. Distribution was adjusted to that of the French population.SubjectsSixty-three (Group CM) and fifty-five (Group GUM) children.ResultsTotal energy and macronutrient intakes were similar in the two groups except protein intake of Group CM, which was much higher than the Recommended Daily Allowance and significantly higher than in Group GUM. A high percentage of children of Group CM had intake of linoleic acid (51 %) and α-linolenic acid (84 %) below the lower limit of the Adequate Intake, and intake of Fe (59 %) vitamin C (49 %) and alimentary vitamin D (100 %) less than the Estimated Average Requirement. Significant differences were observed in the proportions of children with a risk of dietary inadequacy between the two groups for all the mentioned nutrients (P < 0·001). In Group GUM, this imbalance was only observed for vitamin D. Intake of foods other than milk and dairy products could not account for these discrepancies.ConclusionsConsumption of CM (≥250 ml/d) entails the risk of insufficiency in α-linolenic acid, Fe, vitamin C and vitamin D. Use of GUM (≥250 ml/d) significantly reduces the risk of insufficiencies in the mentioned nutrients.

scholarly journals Nutrition Knowledge of Elderly and Middle-age Urban Population and Its Effects on Diet Quality and Dairy Consumption: A Cross-sectional Study in Eight Cities of China (P10-060-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Liping Meng ◽  
Haotian Feng ◽  
Ting Li
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Abstract Objectives The main aim of the present study was to investigate the nutrition knowledge and diary knowledge of elderly and middle-aged urban community-dwelling population, and their effects on diet quality and dairy consumption. Methods Data shown in present study was extracted from a cross-sectional survey, the Chinese Urban Adults Diet and Health Study, conducted in eight cities from March to July, 2016. Data were collected from subjects by trained interviewers using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in two parts related to social-demographic factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). For knowledge, seven questions and six questions were used to measure subjects’ knowledge towards nutrition and the health benefits of dairy products, respectively. One-time 24-h dietary recall and the semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (semi-FFQ) for one recent month were used to investigate the food consumption with the help of a standard reference picture book, bowls, plates, and spoons. China Healthy Diet Index (CHDI) and Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were used to measure dietary quality. Covariates were determined by questionnaires and interviews. Results A total of 1090 individuals aged 62.12 ± 8.62 (range 45–81 years) were included, 60.8% were female. Males, subjects with lower household monthly income and lower education level had significantly lower knowledge scores. Participants with better nutrition knowledge had significantly higher CHDI score (63 vs 54, P < 0.05) and DDS score (6.3 vs 5.7, P < 0.05) when compared to subjects with poor nutrition knowledge. The multivariate logistic regression model in Table 1 illustrated that, after adjusting for age, gender, education level, household income and lactose intolerance symptoms, a significantly increased rate of no dairy consumption was observed among participants with poor nutrition knowledge (OR = 2.5; 95%:1.4 to 4.2) and participants with poor dairy knowledge (OR = 3.1; 95%:1.5 to 6.5). Conclusions The findings of this study indicated that knowledge gaps surrounding nutrition and dairy products exist in Chinese elderly and middle-age urban population. Moreover, good command of nutrition knowledge and dairy knowledge has a positive effect of dietary quality and milk consumption rate. Funding Sources This study was funded by Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Consumption of milk and dairy products as dominant factor of underweight among children aged 24–59 months in Java Island, Indonesia (IFLS 2014)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Devi Qirani ◽  
Winda Mulia Ningsih ◽  
Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

INTRODUCTION: Underweight is one of the most common forms of undernutrition suffered by children and has implications for both short and long term health problems. Characteristics of children, parents, and environment are factors affecting underweight in children, especially aged 24–59 months. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to find out the dominant factors affecting underweight in children aged 24–59 months in Java Island. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014. There were 1,270 children aged 24–59 months who were involved in this study. We conducted univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi-square, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: This study found that 20.2% of children in Java were underweight. Based on bivariate analysis, variables that significantly associated (p <  0.05) with underweight were low birth weight (LBW), acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrhoea, frequency of eating milk and dairy products, parental education level, and underweight father. Furthermore, based on multivariate analysis, low consumption of milk and dairy products was the dominant factor in this study (OR = 1.80). CONCLUSION: Factors related to underweight can be used to determine appropriate prevention and treatment in community levels, such as by promoting a balanced nutrition program and healthy behaviour.

scholarly journals Determination of Carbohydrates in Lactose-Free Dairy Products to Support Food Labelling

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Sara Panseri ◽  
Radmila Pavlovic ◽  
Marta Castrica ◽  
Maria Nobile ◽  
Federica Di Cesare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Labelling ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Concentration Limits

Milk and its derivatives are the basis of human nutrition since childhood. Given their importance within a balanced diet, the determination of carbohydrates in milk and its derivatives is fundamental for two reasons: one of alimentary origin related to intolerances and the other one of technological origin, especially for PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) products. The dietetic approach, including lactose-free products, has a crucial role in the management of lactose intolerance, but labelling and compositional rules indicating the absence or reduced presence of lactose in food are currently not harmonised at Union level. Considering the above-mentioned issues and the absence of official methods for the determination of low sugar concentrations, we propose a new and simple IC-HRMS method to detect carbohydrates in milk and different lactose-free derivatives, which can allow the definition of concentration limits useful to characterise products suitable for specific dietary regimes.

scholarly journals Süt Kaynaklı Olmayan Probiyotik Gıdalar

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Soyuçok ◽  
Gülden Başyiğit Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Food Design

Probiotic products available in the markets today, are usually in the form of fermented milk products. Dairy consumption have been limited by lactose intolerance and the cholesterol content in dairy products. Besides, traditions and economic reasons that limit the use of dairy fermented products in some developing countries promote the idea of using of alternative raw materials as vehicles for the probiotic agents. For these reasons meat products, cereals, legumes, fruits and vegetables may be potential substrates, where the healthy probiotic bacteria will make their mark, amongst consumers. To develop of these products is a key research priority for food design and a challenge for both industry and science sectors. In this study, information’s were given about non-dairy probiotic foods and highlighting the researches done in this field.

scholarly journals Dairy Consumption at Snack Meal Occasions and the Overall Quality of Diet during Childhood. Prospective and Cross-Sectional Analyses from the IDEFICS/I.Family Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Iglesia ◽  
Timm Intemann ◽  
Pilar De Miguel-Etayo ◽  
Valeria Pala ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Idefics Study ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Main Meals

There is scarce information on the influence of dairy consumption between main meals on the overall diet quality through childhood, constituting the main aim of this research. From the Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS) study, and based on the data availability in each period due to drop outs, 8807 children aged 2 to 9.9 years from eight European countries at baseline (T0: 2007–2008); 5085 children after two years (T1); and 1991 after four years (T3), were included in these analyses. Dietary intake and the Diet Quality Index (DQI) were assessed by two 24 hours dietary recalls (24-HDR) and food frequency questionnaire. Consumption of milk and yogurt (p = 0.04) and cheese (p < 0.001) at snack meal occasions was associated with higher DQI scores in T0; milk and yogurt (p < 0.001), and cheese (p < 0.001) in T1; and cheese (p = 0.05) in T3. Consumers of milk (p = 0.02), yogurt (p < 0.001), or cheese (p < 0.001) throughout T0 and T1 at all snack moments had significantly higher scores of DQI compared to non-consumers. This was also observed with the consumption of cheese between T1 and T3 (p = 0.03). Consumption of dairy products at snack moments through childhood is associated with a better overall diet quality, being a good strategy to improve it in this period.

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