scholarly journals Are Bryophytes Shade Plants? Photosynthetic Light Responses and Proportions of Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Total Carotenoids

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANN MARSCHALL ◽  
MICHAEL C. F. PROCTOR
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Light Responses ◽  
Shade Plants

scholarly journals Impact of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.) on physiological and anatomical changes in untreated and herbicide-treated alfalfa plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Saric-Krsmanovic ◽  
Dragana Bozic ◽  
Ljiljana Radivojevic ◽  
Jelena Gajic-Umiljendic ◽  
Sava Vrbnicanin
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris ◽  
Leaf Parameters ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

The effects of field dodder on physiological processes and the anatomy of alfalfa plants were examined under controlled conditions. The experiment included the following variants: N - noninfested alfalfa plants (control); I - infested alfalfa plants (untreated); T - infested plants treated with imazethapyr. Imazethapyr application rate was 100 g a.i. ha-1. The following parameters were checked: physiological - pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids); anatomical - stem parameters: thickness of epidermis and cortex, and diameter of stem and central cylinder; leaf parameters: thickness of epidermis, parenchyma and spongy tissue, mesophyll and underside leaf epidermis, and diameter of bundle sheath cells in alfalfa plants. Pigment contents and anatomical parameters were measured: prior to herbicide treatment (0 assessment), then 7 (I assessment), 14 (II assessment), 21 (III assessment), 28 (IV assessment) and 35 (V assessment) days after application (DAA). Field dodder was found to affect the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a and carotenoids in untreated alfalfa plants, causing significant reductions in pigment content. Conversely, percent reduction in the treated plants decreased 22-5% for chlorophyll a, 25-1%, for chlorophyll b, and 21-11% for carotenoids, while a stimulating effect of 1-6% was observed for the contents of chlorophyll b and carotenoids 35 DAA. Plants infested (untreated) by field dodder had lower values of most anatomical parameters, compared to noninfested plants. The measured anatomical parameters of alfalfa stems and leaves had significantly higher values in noninfested plants and plants treated with imazethapyr than in untreated plants.

scholarly journals Responses of different okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cultivars to water deficit conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Q Ayub ◽  
S M Khan ◽  
I Hussain ◽  
K Naveed ◽  
S Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Drought Conditions

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the adverse effects of drought on different okra cultivars and to identify the most suitable okra cultivar for growing in drought conditions. Five okra cultivars namely Pusa Green, Clemson, Sabz Pari, Pusa Swani and Mehak Pari were subjected to three drought levels i.e., control (100% Field capacity),50% and 25% Field Capacity (FC). Physiological parameters like fresh and dry weight of plant and plant height were recorded along with biochemical attributes such as chlorophyll content (a, b, total) carotenoids, total protein, proline content, and Membrane stability index (MSI%). Results showed that drought significantly reduced all the studied parameters and at maximum drought (25% FC) lowest values of fresh weight (12.42g), dry weight (1.22g), plant height (7.86cm), chlorophyll a (9.02mg/g FW), chlorophyll b (18.69mg/g FW), total chlorophyll (27.71mg/g FW), carotenoids (11.80mg/g FW), total protein (2.73mg/g FW),whereas maximum Proline (21.36μg/g FW), and MSI (72%) were observed under the same drought. The results concerning responses of okra cultivars under drought conditions showed that maximum. Fresh weight (15.25g) and Dry weight (2.74g) was observed in Pusa green while maximum Plant height (13.77cm), Chlorophyll a (14.38mg/g FW), Chlorophyll b (24.41mg/g FW), Total Chlorophyll (38.80mg/g FW), Carotenoids (18.57mg/g FW), Total Protein (5.44mg/g FW), Proline (27.78μg/g FW), and MSI (56.33%) were produced by Sabz Pari. Hence it can be concluded that drought causes significant variation on physical and biochemical attributes of okra whereas Sabz Pari showed resistance towards the applied stress and produced better results.

scholarly journals Quantification of Chlorophyll and Carotene Pigments Content in Mountain Melick (Melica nutans L.) in Relation to Edaphic Variables

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Waldemar Zielewicz ◽  
Barbara Wróbel ◽  
Gniewko Niedbała
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Edaphic Variables ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of the study was to identify and compare the content of chlorophyll and carotene pigments in mountain melick plants (Melica nutans L.) growing in two forest habitats in the Zielonka Forest Landscape Park in the Greater Poland region, which differed in soil properties and moisture. Leaf blades from the middle level of Melica nutans generative shoots were used as analytical material to measure the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene and total carotenoids. The average (±SD) content of chlorophyll a in the Melica nutans plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) amounted to 6.67 ± 0.99 mg·g−1 DM. The average content of chlorophyll b in the same plants was 2.44 ± 0.39 mg·g−1 DM. The Melica nutans plants growing in the more fertile site (Location II) had a higher content of chlorophyll a, i.e., 7.76 ± 0.96 mg·g−1 DM, and lower content of chlorophyll b, i.e., 2.36 ± 0.26 mg·g−1 DM. The plants collected from both sites had similar content of β-carotene, i.e., 0.61 ± 0.11 mg·g−1 DM Location I and 0.62 ± 0.07 mg·g−1 DM Location II. The plants growing in the less fertile site (Location I) had significantly higher total carotene content than the plants in the more fertile site (Location II). The content of pigments in the Melica nutans plants was significantly differentiated by the meteorological conditions in the subsequent years of the research. In the first year of the research, the average content of all chlorophyll pigments in the plants was significantly higher than in the second drier year, regardless of the site.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FOLIAR SPRAYING WITH SALICYLIC ACID ON SOME QUANTITY AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF PEAR FRUITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070
Author(s):  
Ikbal Muhammed Gharib Tahir ◽  
Tahir A. Ahmed ◽  
Nameer N. Fadhil
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Highest Weight

A factorial experiment with randomized complete block design carried out in Erbil governorate, Iraq during 2015 and 2016 seasons on pear (Pyrus Communis L.) Spadona and Compote cvs. to investigate the effects of spraying trees with (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) salicylic acid (SA) on some fruits quantity and quality characteristics. The results show that Compote fruits had the highest weight and firmness significantly compared to Spadona fruits in both seasons, whereas Spadona variety records the highest total acidity. Fruits of Compote variety records higher chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b and total carotenoids content significantly compared to Spadona variety in 2015, in the opposite of the results of 2016 in respect to chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Spraying trees with SA increased fruit weight and firmness compare to control treatment for both seasons, and total acidity in 2015 and total sugars in 2016, whereas the differences were not significant in 2016 and 2015 for the last two properties. In 2015 spraying 1.5% SA increased each of chlorophyll a and b content significantly compared to other concentrations, whereas significant decrease in total carotenoids content observed with increasing SA concentration, whereas the differences between SA treatments were not significant in 2016 in respect to chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids.

scholarly journals Pigmental Composition at of Freshwater Algae Different Levels of Nitrogen and Physicochemical Parameters of Palhi River, Baybay, Leyte

2016 ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
Angelica Joy Yu ◽  
Felix Salas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Freshwater Algae ◽  
Pigment Composition ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Different Levels

Freshwater algae are diverse group of organisms which impart important a functions in the ecosystem pertaining to water quality. Cultured freshwater algae were used to determine the effects of nitrogen in different levels on the pigment composition, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids. A three-month study of some physico-chemical properties of Palhi River as well as pigment content of freshwater algae conducted to find correlations on the different parameters was with that of the pigment concentration. Results of the study showed a strong positive correlation between chlorophyll a and nitrogen level, yet a weak correlation with chlorophyll b and total carotenoids on cultured freshwater algae. Both pH (6.06-6.92) and total dissolved solids (249-397 ppm) of Palhi river are within the standard limits set by DENR, WHO, and USEPA. However, the average total suspended solids (63.0 ppm) and total nitrogen (10.3 ppm) exceeded that of the tolerable limits set by national and international standards. The pigment composition of the fresh water algae showed a strong negative correlation with the nitrogen level in Palhi River which could be attributed to the dynamics, biodiversity and complexities of the river system.

scholarly journals Penapisan Mikroalga Penghasil Karotenoid serta Studi Pengaruh Stres Nitrogen dan Fosfor terhadap Produksi B-Karoten pada Mikroalga Oocystis sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Wahida Nia Elfiza ◽  
Abdi Dharma ◽  
Nasril Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Phosphorus Stress ◽  
West Sumatra

Abstrakb-karoten merupakan karotenoid yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menapis mikroalga yang berpotensi  mengandung karotenoid tinggi dan mempelajari pengaruh nitrogen dan fosfor terhadap produktivitas biomassa, kandungan pigmen fotosintesis dan b-karoten, pada mikroalga yang diisolasi dari perairan Danau Atas, Sumatra Barat. Penapisan mikroalga penghasil karotenoid dilakukan  dengan memberikan  paparan UV-A 326 nm terhadap kultur campuran mikroalga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 dari 18 spesies mampu bertahan pada proses penapisan. Pengaruh 9 jenis medium pertumbuhan dengan kriteria: tanpa NaNO3, 3x NaNO3, 5x NaNO3, 10x NaNO3, Bold Basalt Medium (BBM) normal (kontrol), tanpa KH2PO4, 3x KH2PO4, 5x KH2PO4,dan10x KH2PO4 terhadap mikroalga terpilih (Oocystis sp.) diamati. Hasil menunjukkan kandungan b-karoten tertinggi  ditemukan pada perlakuan 5x KH2PO4  yaitu sebesar 0,22 % dari berat kering mikroalga, dengan produktivitas biomassa 0,0015 g/mL/hari, serta kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b dan karotenoid total yaitu 7,15 µg/mL, 0,81 µg/mL dan 6,67 µg/mL. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan medium pertumbuhan dengan kandungan 5x KH2PO4 merupakan medium yang cocok bagi pertumbuhan Oocystis sp. untuk mendapatkan biomassa dengan kandungan b-karoten dan karotenoid tinggi tanpa harus menurunkan produktivitas biomassanya. Screening of Carotenoid Producing Microalgae and Study of the Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stress on the Production of b-Carotene in Microalgae Oocystis sp.Abstractb-carotene is a carotenoid that is useful as an antioxidant. Present study aims to screening high microalgae which contain carotenoids from water of Danau Atas lake (West Sumatra Province), and study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on biomass productivity, photosynthetic and b-carotene pigment content. Screening of carotenoid-producing microalgae was carried out by exposing UV-A 326 nm to mixed microalgae cultures. The results showed that 5 of the 18 species were able to survive in the screening process. The effect of growth medium, i.e. without NaNO3, 3x NaNO3, 5x NaNO3, 10x NaNO3, normal Bold Basalt Medium (BBM) (control), without KH2PO4, 3x KH2PO4, 5x KH2PO4, and 10x KH2PO4 on of selected microalgae (Oocystis sp.) was carried out. The result showed that the highest content of b-carotene of Oocystis sp. was obtained with 5x KH2PO4 which was 0.22% of the dry weight of biomass. Biomass productivity was 0.0015 g/mL/day and the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids contents were 7.15 µg/mL, 0.81 µg/mL and 6.67 µg/mL, respectively. Based on this research, 5x KH2PO4 can be concluded as a suitable medium for Oocystis sp. to obtained high b -carotene and carotenoid of Oocystis sp. without  reducing biomass productivity.

Enhancement of physiological and biochemical attributes of okra by application of salicylic acid under drought stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Qasim Ayub ◽  
Shah Masaud Khan ◽  
Abid Mahmood ◽  
Naveed Ul Haq ◽  
Shujaat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Horticultural crops especially vegetables are most vulnerable to drought due to their higher irrigation needs. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the adverse effects of drought stress and the beneficial effects of salicylic acid (SA) on physiological and biochemical attributes of okra plants under drought stress. For this purpose, a pot experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) design. Okra seeds were primed with four different SA treatments i.e., 0 (control), 1, 2 and 3 mM and sown in pots (Ø 20 cm). After 14 days of germination, the plants were subjected to two drought levels i.e., 25% and 50% field capacity (FC) and after 20 days of germination regular foliar sprays of SA at 7 days interval were performed with aforementioned SA levels. Physiological parameters like fresh weight, dry weight, and length of plants along with biochemical attributes like chlorophyll (‘a’, ‘b’ and total), total carotenoids, total protein and proline contents, and electrolyte leakage were recorded. Results revealed that drought stress (25% FC) significantly reduced all the studied parameters and resulted in the lowest values of fresh weight (5.04 g), dry weight (1.33 g), length of plants (11.68 cm), chlorophyll ‘a’ content (5.97 mg/g FW), chlorophyll ‘b’ content (8.86 mg/g FW), total chlorophyll (14.84 mg/g FW), total carotenoids (4.96 mg/g FW) and total protein (1.05 mg/g FW), except proline content (6.81 mg/g FW) and electrolyte leakage (77.31%) which was increased. Application of SA under drought stress reduced the harmful effects of drought and application of 2 mM SA produced the maximum fresh weight (8.60 g), dry weight (2.51 g), length of plants (16.23 cm), chlorophyll ‘b’ content (14.47 mg/g FW), total protein (3.73 mg/g FW) and proline content (5.11 mg/g FW); whereas application of 3 mM SA showed the highest values of chlorophyll ‘a’ (8.91 mg/g FW), total chlorophyll content (23.20 mg/g FW) and carotenoids (7.93 mg/g FW), and the lowest value for electrolyte leakage (62.00%).

Etude sur la teneur en pigment de frênes qui croissent dans des conditions différentes

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
The One ◽  
Green Pigments

Pigment content of ashes grown up under different circumstances - The pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b,  xanthophyll and carotene) has been researched with ashes grown up under  different light circumstances and varying in age and height.     The results prove that the general laws concerning the influence of light  on the pigment content, don’t always work.     The phenomen is very complex. The light quantity is very important in some  cases, but insignificant in others. It seems origin and height of plants have  a strong influence. The results prove also the influence of the environment  is much higher on small plants as on big ones.     The research indicates finally the correlation between the green pigments,  the yellow pigments, and between the green pigments on the one side and the  yellow ones on the other side.

scholarly journals Shading Effects on Leaf Gas Exchange, Leaf Pigments and Secondary Metabolites of Polygonum minus Huds., an Aromatic Medicinal Herb

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Fairuz Fatini Mohd Yusof ◽  
Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob ◽  
Normaniza Osman ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Polygonum Minus

The growing demand for high value aromatic herb Polygonum minus-based products have increased in recent years, for its antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory potentials. Although few reports have indicated the chemical profiles and antioxidative effects of Polygonum minus, no study has been conducted to assess the benefits of micro-environmental manipulation (different shading levels) on the growth, leaf gas exchange and secondary metabolites in Polygonum minus. Therefore, two shading levels (50%:T2 and 70%:T3) and one absolute control (0%:T1) were studied under eight weeks and 16 weeks of exposures on Polygonum minus after two weeks. It was found that P. minus under T2 obtained the highest photosynthesis rate (14.892 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1), followed by T3 = T1. The increase in photosynthesis rate was contributed by the enhancement of the leaf pigments content (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b). This was shown by the positive significant correlations observed between photosynthesis rate with chlorophyll a (r2 = 0.536; p ≤ 0.05) and chlorophyll b (r2 = 0.540; p ≤ 0.05). As the shading levels and time interval increased, the production of total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant properties of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) also increased. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also significantly enhanced under T2 and T3. The current study suggested that P.minus induce the production of more leaf pigments and secondary metabolites as their special adaptation mechanism under low light condition. Although the biomass was affected under low light, the purpose of conducting the study to boost the bioactive properties in Polygonum minus has been fulfilled by 50% shading under 16 weeks’ exposure.

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