scholarly journals A-216 The Relationship Between Cognitive Performance on a Sports-Concussion Assessment Battery and the Motivation Behaviors Checklist (MBC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1011
Author(s):  
Guty E ◽  
Riegler K ◽  
Thomas G ◽  
Arnett P
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sports Concussion ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Cognitively Intact

Abstract Objective The Motivation Behaviors Checklist (MBC) was designed as an observational rating scale to assess effort during baseline evaluations (Rabinowitz, Merritt, and Arnett, 2016). This study aims to explore the MBC in relation to a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests, including paper-and-pencil tests. Method Participants included 291 (M = 213, F = 78) student-athletes from a Division I University sports concussion program. Seventeen neuropsychological test indices were used to create a neurocognitive composite. The 18-item MBC was scored such that higher values indicate greater motivation/effort. Across test indices, the number of impaired scores (below the 80th percentile) was also calculated. Individuals were placed into impairment groups (Impaired ≥3 impaired scores) and motivation groups based on their MBC scores (High Motivation = score greater than the median of 49). Results Bivariate correlations demonstrated a significant relationship (ρ = .39, p < .001) between cognitive performance and the MBC total score. Chi-square analysis demonstrated that significantly more of the 81 individuals in the Impaired group were also in the Low Motivation group (n = 56, 69%), χ2 (1, N = 291) = 18.53, p < .001, Φ = −.25. Conclusions Higher motivation scores on the MBC are related to better cognitive performance. Compared with cognitively intact individuals, those who were cognitively impaired were significantly more likely to score below the cut off score of 49 on the MBC. Future work will explore different cutoff values that maximize sensitivity and specificity for test performance in order to provide guidelines for clinicians wishing to utilize the MBC.

Reading Based IQ Estimates and Actual Premorbid Cognitive Performance: Discrepancies in a College Athlete Sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda R. Rabinowitz ◽  
Peter A. Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
College Athlete ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Sports Concussion ◽  
Adult Reading

AbstractThe present study sought to evaluate the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR) Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) estimate as an index of premorbid ability in a sample 574 of healthy college athletes participating in a sports concussion management program. We compared baseline neuropsychological test performance with the WTAR FSIQ estimate obtained at baseline. Results revealed that the discrepancy between actual neuropsychological test scores and the WTAR FSIQ estimate was greatest for those with estimated FSIQs greater than 107. The clinical implication of this finding was evaluated in the 51 participants who went on to sustain a concussion. For individuals with higher IQ estimates, the WTAR estimate obtained post-concussion suggested greater post-concussion decline than that indicated by comparison with actual baseline neuropsychological performance. (JINS, 2012,18, 139–143)

Impact of medical mistrust (MM) on perceptions of tumor genomic profiling (TGP) among African American (AA) cancer patients: Application of perceptual mapping (PM).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22527-e22527
Author(s):  
Michael J. Hall ◽  
Paul D'Avanzo ◽  
Yana Chertock ◽  
Jesse A Brajuha ◽  
Sarah Bauerle Bass
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Perceptual Mapping ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

e22527 Background: TGP is widely used to identify targetable mutations for precision cancer treatment and clinical trials. Many patients have poor understanding of TGP and are unaware of possible secondary hereditary risks. Lack of clarity regarding the relevance of informed consent and genetic counseling further magnify risks for patients. AA patients have lower genetic knowledge and health literacy and higher MM than Caucasian patients, making them especially vulnerable in the clinical setting. Perceptions of TGP in AA cancer patients have not been well-characterized. Methods: 120 AA pts from 1 suburban and 1 urban site (Fox Chase Cancer Center[FCCC] and Temple University Hospital[TUH]) were surveyed. A k-means cluster analysis using a modified MM scale was conducted; chi-square analysis assessed demographic differences. Perceptual mapping (PM)/multidimensional scaling and vector modeling was used to create 3-dimensional maps to study how TGP barriers/facilitators differed by MM group and how message strategies for communicating about TGP may also differ. Results: Data from 112 analyzable patients from FCCC (55%) and TUH (45%) were parsed into less MM (MM-L, n = 42, 37.5%) and more MM (MM-H, n = 70, 72.5%) clusters. MM-L and MM-H clusters were demographically indistinct with no significant associations by sex (p = 0.49), education (p = 0.3), income (p = 0.65), or location (p = 0.43); only age was significant (older = higher MM, p = 0.006). Patients in the MM-H cluster reported higher concerns about TGP, including cost (p < 0.001), insurance discrimination (p < 0.001), privacy breaches (p = 0.001), test performance/accuracy (p = 0.001), secondary gain by providers (p < 0.001) and provider ability to explain results (p = 0.04). Perceptual mapping identified both shared and contrasting barriers between MM clusters (Table). Conclusions: More than 2/3 of AA patients comprised a MM-H cluster. Communication strategies should focus on concerns about family and how to discuss TGP with an oncologist. PM can identify distinct and shared information needs of vulnerable populations undergoing TGP. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Anastomosis Grouping of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Black Scurf and Stem Canker of Potato in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Truter ◽  
F. C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Black Scurf ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Rhizoctonia disease (black scurf of tubers and stem canker) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn was first recorded in South Africa in 1918 (3). Although the sclerotial form on tubers is one of the most common potato diseases in the country, it is not known which anastomosis groups (AGs) of R. solani are involved. Between 1999 and 2001, R. solani was isolated from 28 plant and 56 soil samples collected in 7 (Eastern Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, and Sandveld) of the 14 potato-production regions of South Africa and screened for hyphal anastomosis with tester strains of R. solani AG-1 to AG-10 according to Carling et al. (1). Of the 411 isolates from tubers with black scurf symptoms, 408 were AG-3 and three were AG-5. Symptomless tubers yielded two AG-3 isolates and three AG-5 isolates. Of 39 isolates from symptomatic stems and roots, 32 were AG-3, five were AG-4, and two were AG-5. Of the 127 isolates obtained from soil, 86, 28, 7, 3, and 3 were AG-3, AG-4, AG-5, AG-7, and AG-8, respectively. More than one AG was isolated from five of the seven regions. Virulence of 40 isolates representative of the above AGs was determined in triplicate on sprouts growing from seed tubers of potato cultivar Up-to-Date in a sand/soil mixture as described by Carling and Leiner (2) but using cultures grown in cornmeal/sand instead of colonized agar disks as inoculum. Damage to sprouts (lesions, girdling, and death) was assessed after 28 days at 16 to 28°C according to the 0 to 4 rating scale (2). Chi-square analysis of the data indicated that AG-3 was the most virulent, with isolates from sclerotia on tubers and lesions on stems more aggressive than those from symptomless tubers or soil. AG-4 and AG-5 caused significantly less disease than AG-3, but none of the AG-7 and AG-8 isolates showed any virulence to potato sprouts. References: (1) D. E. Carling et al. Phytopathology 77:1609, 1987. (2) D. E. Carling and R. H. Leiner. Phytopathology 80:930, 1990. (3) E. M. Doidge. S. Afr. Fruit Growers 5:6, 1918.

On-road assessment of fitness-to-drive in persons with MS with cognitive impairment: A prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Morrow ◽  
Sherrilene Classen ◽  
Miriam Monahan ◽  
Tim Danter ◽  
Robert Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fitness To Drive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). In other populations, cognitive impairment is known to affect fitness-to-drive. Few studies have focused on fitness-to-drive in MS and no studies have solely focused on the influence of cognitive impairment. Objective: To assess fitness-to-drive in persons with MS with cognitive impairment and low physical disability. Methods: Persons with MS, aged 18–59 years with EDSS ⩽ 4.0, impaired processing speed, and impairment on at least one measure of memory or executive function, were recruited. Cognition was assessed using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function battery. A formal on-road driving assessment was conducted. Chi-square analysis examined the association between the fitness-to-drive (pass/fail) and the neuropsychological test results (normal/impaired). Bayesian statistics predicting failure of the on-road assessment were calculated. Results: Of 36 subjects, eight (22.2%) were unfit to drive. Only the BVMTR-IR, measuring visual-spatial memory, predicted on-road driving assessment failure ( X2 ( df = 1, N = 36) = 3.956; p = 0.047) with a sensitivity of 100%, but low specificity (35.7%) due to false positives (18/25). Conclusion: In persons with MS and impaired processing speed, impairment on the BVMTR-IR should lead clinicians to address fitness-to-drive.

scholarly journals Hubungan lamanya hemodialisis dengan tingkat depresi pada pasangan hidup pasien gagal ginjal kronik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicka V. A. Tartum ◽  
Theresia M. D. Kaunang ◽  
Christofel Elim ◽  
Neni Ekawardani
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Depression is a disturbance in the function of human nature associated with feelings of sadness and accompanying symptoms, including changes in sleep patterns and appetite, anhedonia, concentration, psychomotor, fatigue, despair and helplessness. Depression can be obtained by any person, including a person suffering from chronic diseases such as chronic renal disease requiring hemodialysis therapy for life. However, the impact of depression was not only felt by the patient, but also the patient's family, especially spouses of patients would be very easy to get depressed as a result of seeing a loved one suffer, so will affect the support and motivation given to patients, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis should undergo dialysis for life, so a lot of depression in patients and their families, especially spouses of patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship of the length of hemodialysis with the level of depression in spouses of hemodialysis patients in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an observational analystical study with a cross sectional design. This study used Hamilton Depression Rating Scale questionaire (HDRS). Data were processed by using SPSS 20.0. The chi-square analysis test showed a p value of 0.105 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no correlation between the duration of hemodialysis with the degree of depression of chronic kidney failure patient’s live spouses.Keywords: depression, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, spouse.Abstrak: Depresi adalah terganggunya fungsi manusia yang berkaitan dengan alam perasaan yang sedih dan gejala penyertanya, termasuk perubahan pada pola tidur dan nafsu makan, anhedonia, konsentrasi, psikomotor, kelelahan rasa putus asa dan tidak berdaya. Depresi bisa didapatkan oleh setiap orang termasuk seseorang yang menderita penyakit kronik seperti penyakit ginjal kronik yang membutuhkan terapi hemodialisis seumur hidup. Dampak depresi pun tidak hanya dirasakan oleh pasien, keluarga pasien terutama pasangan hidup pasien akan sangat mudah mendapatkan depresi akibat melihat orang yang dicintai menderita, sehingga akan memengaruhi dukungan dan motivasi yang akan diberikan kepada pasien, terutama pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis yang harus menjalani proses cuci darah seumur hidup, sehingga banyak terjadi depresi pada pasien dan keluarganya terutama pasangan hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lamanya hemodialisis dengan tingkat depresi pada pasangan hidup pasien hemodialisis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) dan data diolah menggunakan SPSS 20.0. Uji analisis chi-square mendapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,105 (p >0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama hemodialisis dengan tingkat depresi pasangan hidup pasien penyakit ginjal kronik.Kata kunci: depresi, penyakit ginjal kronik, hemodialisis, pasangan hidup

scholarly journals 1094 Depression Is Not Associated With The Presence Of Or The Severity Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Retrospective Study Of 841 Polysomnography Subjects

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A416-A416
Author(s):  
K Im ◽  
L Kim ◽  
R Immen
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Introduction Both depression and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are very common medical conditions. Studies showed a co-occurrence of depression and OSA with a higher prevalence of one if the other is present. However, there is relative paucity of studies assessing the rate of depression based on the OSA severity. Methods Retrospective analysis of data collected from patients undergoing polysomnography (PSG) at an academic sleep disorders center was performed. A total of 841 subjects were included and stratified into four groups using AHI. A Chi-square analysis was applied to assess the association of varying levels of AHI and the presence of depression. Results Although a significant proportion of patients with AHI greater than 5 endorsed depression (60/165 in group with AHI 15 or greater and 115/278 in group with AHI between 5 and 15), this finding was also replicated in patients with AHI less than 5 (86/202 in AHI between 1 and 5 and 88/196 in those with AHI less than 1). As there was significant difference in rate of depression among women (54.1%) and men (26.1%) (p &lt;0.0001), Chi-square analysis was performed for the rate of depression based on the level of AHI, adjusted for gender. In women the rate of depression from the most severe AHI to less severe AHI group were 0.48, 0.53, 0.60, and 0.53 respectively and in men it was 0.30, 0.27, 0.20, and 0.27 respectively, with no statistical difference between any groups. Conclusion Among patients who seek PSG assessment, depression appears to be more prevalent than the general public. Rate of depression is much higher among women than men in this group. However, the presence of OSA or severity of OSA does not have any correlation with the rate of depression in both women and men. These findings might be suggestive of the complexity of the association between depression and OSA. One limitation of this study is the dichotomous nature of depression (presence or absence of). The finding from this study warrants a future study utilizing a numerical rating scale of depression for severity measure to correlate it with the severity of OSA. Support NA.

scholarly journals Cognitive functioning and predictors thereof in patients with 1–10 brain metastases selected for stereotactic radiosurgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wietske C. M. Schimmel ◽  
Karin Gehring ◽  
Patrick E. J. Hanssens ◽  
Margriet M. Sitskoorn
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Individual Level

Abstract Purpose Information on predictive factors of cognitive functioning in patients with (multiple) brain metastases (BM) selected for radiosurgery may allow for more individual care and may play a role in predicting cognitive outcome after radiosurgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive performance, and predictors thereof, in patients with 1–10 BM before radiosurgery. Methods Cognition was measured before radiosurgery using a standardized neuropsychological test battery in patients with 1–10 BM (expected survival > 3 months; KPS ≥ 70; no prior BM treatment). Regression formulae were constructed to calculate sociodemographically corrected z scores. Group and individual cognitive functioning was analyzed. Multivariable regression was used to explore potential predictors. Results Patients (N = 92) performed significantly worse than controls (N = 104) on all 11 test variables (medium-large effect sizes for 8 variables). Percentages of impairment were highest for information processing (55.3%), dexterity (43.2%) and cognitive flexibility (28.7%). 62% and 46% of patients had impairments in at least two, or three test variables, respectively. Models including combinations of clinical and psychological variables were predictive of verbal memory, psychomotor speed, information processing and dexterity. Neither number nor volume of metastases predicted patients’ test performance. Conclusions Already before radiosurgery, almost half of the patients suffered from severe cognitive deficits in at least three test variables. At group and individual level, information processing, cognitive flexibility, and dexterity were most affected. These cognitive impairments may impair daily functioning and patients’ ability to make (shared) treatment decisions. Both clinical (symptomatic BM; timing of BM diagnosis) and psychological (mental fatigue) characteristics influenced cognitive performance. Clinical trial information Cognition and Radiation Study A (CAR-Study A; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02953756; Medical Ethics Committee file number: NL53472.028.15/P1515).

The effect of cataract surgery on neuropsychological test performance: A randomized controlled trial

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 632-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAARIN J. ANSTEY ◽  
STEPHEN R. LORD ◽  
MICHAEL HENNESSY ◽  
PAUL MITCHELL ◽  
KATHERINE MILL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional

Recent cross-sectional studies have reported strong associations between visual and cognitive function, and longitudinal studies have shown relationships between visual and cognitive decline in late life. Improvement in cognitive performance after cataract surgery has been reported in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. We investigated whether improving visual function with cataract surgery would improve neuropsychological performance in healthy older adults. A randomized clinical trial of cataract surgery performed at acute hospitals was conducted on 56 patients (mean age 73) with bilateral cataract, after excluding a total of 54 patients at the screening stage, of whom 53 did not meet visual acuity criteria and one did not have cataract. In-home assessments included visual and neuropsychological function, computerized cognitive testing and health questionnaires. Results showed no cognitive benefits of cataract surgery in cognitively normal adults. We conclude that visual improvement following cataract surgery is not strongly associated with an improvement in neuropsychological test performance in otherwise healthy adults. Joint associations between visual and cognitive function in late life are likely to be due to central factors, and unlikely to be strongly related to eye disease. Short-term increased neural stimulation from improved visual function does not appear to affect cognitive performance. (JINS, 2006, 12, 632–639.)

scholarly journals Accuracy of ultrasound-guided versus palpation-based carpometacarpal joint injections: A randomized pilot study in cadavers

Ultrasound ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Armen Derian ◽  
Julia Amundson ◽  
Karl Abi-Aad ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez-Duarte ◽  
Douglas Johnson-Greene
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Carpometacarpal Joint ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Carpometacarpal Joints ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Joint Injections

Objective To determine the accuracy of ultrasound guidance compared to palpation in performing carpometacarpal joint injections in cadavers. Design In all, 36 carpometacarpal joints were randomized to either ultrasound-guided or palpation-based injections, with 1 cc of blue latex solution injected into each joint. The specimens were then dissected and the distribution of the latex was assessed by two independent, blinded raters. Injection accuracy was evaluated on a four-point quartile rating scale of 1–4, corresponding to the amount of the latex solution within the joint (1 = 0–25%, 2 = 26–50%, 3 = 51–75%, 4 = 76–100%). Inter-rater reliability was a secondary measure. Results The mean rating of accuracy was 2.1 for both palpation-based and ultrasound-guided injections. There was no statistically significant difference in accuracy between the two injectors. Chi-square analysis testing differences in accuracy for the two conditions was not statistically significant. The Cronbach’s alpha for rater 2 was 0.74, which represents an acceptable level of reliability. A Friedman’s Chi-square for the two raters was 2.3 ( p = 0.13), indicating no significant difference between raters. Conclusion Ultrasound guidance did not improve the accuracy of carpometacarpal joint injections in cadavers. However, the high inter-rater reliability attests to the value of the novel assessment scale.

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