A-149 Demographic Correlates of a Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1203
Author(s):  
Arthur M Horton ◽  
Cecil Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Education Levels

Abstract Objective This poster explores demographic correlates of a recently developed Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning. Method Subjects were 23 adults referred by neurologists and psychiatrist for neuropsychological testing to a private practice. All subjects signed informed consent documents. Subjects included 12 males and 11 females, 20 subjects were Caucasians and 3 were African-Americans, 22 were right handed. The subjects’ ages ranged from 20 to 74 (M-52.04, SD-14.87) and the subjects education levels ranged from 10–20 (M-15.87, SD-3.45). Diagnoses included Stroke-12, Traumatic Brain Injury-6, Alzheimer’s disease-2, Multiple Sclerosis-1, Parkinson’s disease-1 and Epilepsy-1. All subjects were administered neuropsychological testing including the Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning (SF-TEF) The Sf-TEF is composed of 3 card sorting subtests of the Test of Verbal and Conceptual Fluency (TVCF) but rather than administering 116 cards only 58 are administered and full scales scores prorated to save time. The scales are Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories. The 3 short form subjects were each correlated with the subjects age and education variables. Results The correlations between the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories scores and age scores were 0.247, 0.01, and 0.08 and correlations between the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories scores and education levels were 0.21, 0.273 and 0.12 which were all non-significant at the P < 0.05 level of statistical significance. Conclusions These results suggest that the scores of the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories subtests were not unduly influenced by the subjects’ age and education.

A-152 Behavioral Correletes of a Short Form Test of Executive Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1206-1206
Author(s):  
Arthur M Horton ◽  
Cecil R Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Behavioral Functioning ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Larger Sample

Abstract Objective This poster explores behavioral correlates of a recently developed Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning. Method Subjects were 23 adults referred by neurologists and psychiatrist for neuropsychological testing to a private practice. All subjects signed informed consent documents. Subjects included 12 males and 11 females, 20 subjects were Caucasians and 3 were African-Americans, 22 were right handed. Diagnoses included Stroke-12, Traumatic Brain Injury-6, Alzheimer’s disease-2, Multiple Sclerosis-1, Parkinson’s disease-1 and Epilepsy-1. All subjects were administered neuropsychological testing including the Short-Form Test of Executive Functioning (SF-TEF) and the AD8 was independently completed by a family member or in one case a family friend. The Sf-TEF is composed of 3 card sorting subtests of the Test of Verbal and Conceptual Fluency (TVCF) but rather than administering 116 cards only 58 are administered and full scales scores prorated to save time. The scales are Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories. The AD8 is a widely used questionnaire assessing behavioral functioning (handling medications and finances). The 3 short form subjects were each correlated with the AD8 scores. Results The correlations between the Number Correct, Perseveration Errors and Number of Categories scores and the AD8 scores were − 0.215, −0.225 and − 0.256 which were all non-significant at the P,0.05 level of statistical significance. It might be noted that if the study sample size were significantly increased then statistical significance could have been obtained. Conclusions While the results were not statistically significant, further study with a larger sample size might demonstrate better results.

Recovery following acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis: from impairment to quality of life

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Bethoux ◽  
Deborah M Miller ◽  
R Philip Kinkel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Early Improvement ◽  
Related Symptom ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Maximum Improvement

To observe the pattern of recovery after treatment with intravenous Methylprednisolone (i.v. MP) for a relapse of multiple sclerosis (MS), and to determine the best time to plan further interventions such as rehabilitation, we assessed consecutive outpatients (n=24) treated with i.v. MP for a relapse over a period of 12 weeks. Outcomes measures used were the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Incapacity Status Scale (ISS), the MOS Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Mental Health Inventory (MHI), and the MS-Related Symptom Checklist (MSSCL). There was statistically significant early improvement of EDSS and ISS scores, which was sustained until week 12, and significant improvement of MHI and MSSCL scores between 4 and 12 weeks. Although trends for improvement of scores reflecting the same pattern of recovery were observed with the SF-36 physical and mental composites, these changes did not reach statistical significance. Our results suggest that improvement of impairments and disability after treatment with i.v. MP for a relapse of MS occurs early, while improvement of subjective health status is delayed. Even after maximum improvement is reached, patients are left with multiple symptoms and functional limitations, and may benefit from additional rehabilitative interventions.

scholarly journals The effects of fatigue and the post-concussion syndrome on executive functioning in traumatic brain injury and healthy comparisons

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Fry ◽  
Kirston Greenop ◽  
Enid Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Head Injured

In this study, behavioural manifestations of compromised executive control, including perseveration and reduced inductive reasoning, on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were investigated.Performance was affected by fatigue in both a head-injured and matched population, which has implications for health care professionals involved in rehabilitation and assessment. A fatigue condition was manipulated for 15 moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) individuals through the course of a three-hour neuropsychological testing session. A comparison sample of 15 participants in a group of ‘no history of TBI’ was fatigued through the same approach. All fatigued participants (with and without TBI) displayed trends towards increased levels of perseveration and reduced inductive reasoning on the WCST. Thus, the effects of fatigue on high-level functioning are pervasive even when not head-injured. This finding supports the sub-optimal performance in cognitive skills, specifically in executive control, that is often found in fatigued people. These findings are relevant for the manner in which rehabilitation interventions and medico-legal assessments are structured. Importantly, the order of tests, their interpretation and rest sessions should be clearly indicated and interpreted in assessment reports and rehabilitation sessions.OpsommingIn hierdie studie is gedragsmanifestering in individue met gekompromitteerde uitvoerende funksionering, met inbegrip van perseverasie en verminderde induktiewe redenering, op die Wisconsin-kaartsorteringstoets (WCST), bestudeer. Die waarneming dat prestasie deur uitputting beïnvloed word in sowel normale populasies as dié met kopbeserings het implikasies vir gesondheidsorgpersoneel wat by rehabilitasie en assessering betrokke is. ’n Uitputtingstoestand is gemanipuleer vir 15 matig ernstige individue met traumatiese kopbeserings (TKB) vir die duur van ’n drie uur lange toetssessie. ’n Vergelykingsmonster van 15 deelnemers met geen geskiedenis van kopbeserings is deur dieselfde metodologie uitgeput. Alle uitgeputte deelnemers (met en sonder TKB) het ’n neiging na verhoogde vlakke van perseverasie en verminderde induktiewe redenering op die WCST getoon. Die impak van uitputting op hoëvlak-funksionering is dus verreikend, selfs in gevalle waar geen kopbesering opgedoen is nie. Die bevinding ondersteun suboptimale prestasie in kognitiewe vaardighede, en spesifiek in uitvoerende beheer, wat dikwels onder uitgeputte mense gevind word. Hierdie bevindinge is van belang vir die manier waarop rehabilitasie-intervensies en regsgeneeskundige assesserings gestruktureer word. Die volgorde van toetse, die interpretasie daarvan en die rusperiodes moet duidelik in assesseringsverslae en rehabilitasiesessies aangetoon en geïnterpreteer word.

Validation of the Korean Version of Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale Short-Form

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahra Kim ◽  
Eun-Ho Lee ◽  
Yoo-Sook Joung ◽  
Soon-Taeg Hwang ◽  
Sang-Hwang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Korean Version

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH A CONSEQUENCE OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Istatillo Shodjalilov ◽  
◽  
Saoda Igamova ◽  
Aziza Djurabekova
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Changes ◽  
The Relationship

The incidence of cognitive impairment in TBI is high, depending on the severity. At the same time, psychopathological symptoms in the form of asthenia, increased anxiety and depression are encountered among patients with TBI. The work studied the relationship between cognitive and psychopathological symptoms in patients with TBI using neuropsychological testing on scales.

scholarly journals Prospective Analysis of Coagulopathy Associated with Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury and Clinical Outcome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Krishna ◽  
Varun Aggarwal ◽  
Ishwar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Coagulation Abnormalities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects the coagulation pathway in a distinct way than does extracranial trauma. The extent of coagulation abnormalities varies from bleeding diathesis to disseminated thrombosis. Design Prospective study. Methods The study included 50 patients of isolated TBI with cohorts of moderate (MHI) and severe head injury (SHI). Coagulopathy was graded according to the values of parameters in single laboratory. The incidence of coagulopathy according to the severity of TBI and correlation with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score, platelets, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, and fibrinogen was observed. The comparison was also made between expired and discharged patients within each group. It also compared coagulation derailments with clinical presentation (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS]) and outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS]). Results Road traffic accident was the primary (72%) mode of injury. Fifty-two percent had MHI and rest had SHI. Eighty-four percent of cases were managed conservatively. The mean GCS was 12.23 and 5.75 in MHI and SHI, respectively. Sixty-two percent of MHI and 96% of the patients with SHI had coagulation abnormalities. On statistical analysis, DIC score (p < 0.001) strongly correlated with the severity of head injury and GOS. PT and APTT were also significantly associated with the severity of TBI. In patients with moderate TBI, D-dimer and platelet counts showed association with clinical outcome. Fibrinogen levels did not show any statistical significance. The mean platelet counts remained normal in both the groups of TBI. The mean GOS was 1.54 and 4.62 in SHI and MHI, respectively. Conclusion Coagulopathy is common in isolated TBI. The basic laboratory parameters are reliable predictors of coagulation abnormalities in TBI. Coagulopathy is directly associated with the severity of TBI, GCS, and poor outcome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High Resilience in Old Age and Association with Perceived Threat of COVID-19—Results from a Representative Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7173
Author(s):  
Elena Caroline Weitzel ◽  
Margrit Löbner ◽  
Susanne Röhr ◽  
Alexander Pabst ◽  
Ulrich Reininghaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Education Levels

Little is known about resilience in old age and its manifestation during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of high resilience in the German old age population. We further examine the socio-demographic correlates and whether high resilience reflects on older adults’ perception of the threat posed by COVID-19. The data were derived from a representative telephone survey of n = 1005 older adults (≥65 years) during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Assessments included socio-demographic variables, the perceived threat of COVID-19, and high resilience (Brief Resilience Scale; cutoff: ≥4.31). The association between high resilience and threat from COVID-19 was analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. The study sample had a mean age (SD) of 75.5 (7.1) years, and n = 566 (56.3%) were female. The estimated prevalence of high resilience was 18.7% (95% CI = [16.3; 21.2]). High resilience was more prevalent in the younger age group and participants with higher education levels. High resilience was significantly associated with a lower perception of threat from COVID-19. The results of the representative survey in the German old age population showed that one out of five adults aged 65 years and older had high resilience. Older adults with high resilience tended to feel less threatened by COVID-19. Further research on resilience in old age is needed to support vulnerable groups in the context of care.

scholarly journals NCOG-76. BASELINE COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT IN GLIOMA PATIENTS WITH MGMT PROMOTOR METHYLATION AND/OR 1p19q CODELETION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii146-ii146
Author(s):  
Sydney Park ◽  
Abigail Giles ◽  
Grace Liberatore ◽  
Katherine Morgan ◽  
Cynthia DeBruhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
1P19q Codeletion ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status Score ◽  
Chemotherapy Administration

Abstract INTRODUCTION Methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status is associated with better overall survival while 1p19q co-deletion is associated with long-term survival. Cognitive dysfunction is a common complication of brain tumors and treatment; however, information regarding the relationship between MGMT status, 1p19q codeletion, and cognition is limited. METHOD Baseline neuropsychological testing was performed in patients with malignant glioma prior to radiation and/or chemotherapy administration. A retrospective data analysis was conducted. We calculated composite and subdomain scores for attention/executive functioning, memory, and language in patients with or without MGMT promotor methylation and/or 1p19q codeletion. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients (Age M = 48.73 ± 14.98; 50% female) diagnosed with glioma (29% grade II, 16% grade III, 21% grade IV; Karnofsky Performance Status score (KPS) M = 88.75 ± 14.24) were selected from a retrospective. Memory was marginally significant, such that methylated participants performed better on memory tasks than the unmethylated group (p = .053). Independent samples t-test revealed no significant differences between either marker across the overall cognitive composite (methylated M = 41.35; unmethylated: M = 39.91; p = .955; 1p19q co-deleted: M = 50.94; 1p19q intact: M = 43.66; p = .158) and subdomains attention/executive functioning (p = .585; p = .157) and language (p = .581; p = .765). Logistic regression showed MGMT does not predict cognitive status (p =.052) and there were not enough cases to complete the model with 1p19q. CONCLUSION MGMT status may be correlated with baseline cognitive status as MGMT methylated patients had better memory scores than their unmethylated counterparts. We did not find any significant association between the remaining cognitive domains and MGMT or 1p19q although sample size is a significant limitation. These results suggest further assessment of changes in cognition during treatment through serial neuropsychological testing of glioma populations with defined marker status is warranted.

scholarly journals Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: The differential impact of motor and cognitive fatigue

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 205521732199604
Author(s):  
Sabina David Ruban ◽  
Claudia Christina Hilt ◽  
Thor Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cognitive Fatigue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Scale ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease leading to reduced quality of life. Objectives To investigate whether motor and cognitive fatigue impact differently on aspects of quality of life among patients with multiple sclerosis, independently from bodily disability. Methods 79 patients with multiple sclerosis from Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark were included in an observational, cross-sectional study. Each subject completed two separate questionnaires regarding fatigue (Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions and Modified Fatigue Impact Scale) and one regarding quality of life (Short Form 36). Disability was measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)-scores obtained from patient records. Results All fatigue scores were significantly correlated to all areas of quality of life (p < 0,05). This remained significant after adjustment for age, disease duration and EDSS-score. When looking at each type of fatigue separately, cognitive fatigue correlated mainly with mental health aspects of quality of life and motor fatigue with physical health areas of quality of life. Conclusion Increased motor and cognitive fatigue lead to a differential reduction in physical and mental quality of life, independently of bodily disability. This underlines the importance of proper assessment and treatment of fatigue among patients with multiple sclerosis.

Evaluation of the six-minute walk in multiple sclerosis subjects and healthy controls

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myla D Goldman ◽  
Ruth Ann Marrie ◽  
Jeffrey A Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
Physical Component Score ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Impact Scale ◽  
Fatigue Impact Scale

Objective To assess the characteristics of the 6-min walk (6MW) in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects of varied disability, and controls. To assess the correlation of 6MW to subjective measures of fatigue, health status and ambulation using the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS), short form-36 Health Questionnaire physical component score and MS walking scale (MSWS). Methods Forty MS expanded disability status scale [(EDSS) 0—6.5] and 20 control subjects were recruited from a MS outpatient clinic. Subjects completed survey material and three 6MWs with 1-h interval rest in a single study visit. Results There was no practice effect or fatigability with repeat 6MW tests with a one-h rest period between test sessions. The 6MW had excellent intra-[intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.95] and inter-rater (ICC = 0.91) reliability. MS subjects demonstrated reduced 6MW distance and speed compared with controls ( P < 0.0001). Within the MS population 6MW distance was significantly reduced with increasing disability ( P = 0.05). Compared with the EDSS, the 6MW had a stronger correlation to subjective measures of ambulation and physical fatigue: MSWS ( r = -0.81 versus 0.69) and MFISphy (0.66 versus 0.63). Conclusions The 6MW is a feasible, reproducible, and reliable measure in MS. MS subjects demonstrate motor fatigue in both 6MW distance and speed compared with controls. In MS subjects there is an inverse relationship between motor fatigue and disability. 6MW has a strong correlation to subjective measures of ambulation and physical fatigue. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 383—390. http://msj.sagepub.com

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