scholarly journals AMBIENT AIR CONTAMINATION IN A DENTAL OUTPATIENT THEATRE

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 845-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. THOMPSON ◽  
R.S. BARRATT ◽  
P. HUTTON ◽  
J.S. ROBINSON ◽  
R. BELCHER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Contamination

scholarly journals Risk of sensitization to ecopollutants in teenagers with inherited chemical burden

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
L.B. Masnavieva ◽  
◽  
N.V. Efimova ◽  
I.V. Kudaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
Migration Inhibition ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Research Goal

At present allergic diseases are detected in 30% people and their frequency is only growing. A significant role in allergic pathology occurrence belongs to ambient air contamination and chemicals being introduced not only into children’s bodies, but their parents’ ones as well since pollutants can act as allergens and sensitizing agents. Our research goal was to examine influence exerted by parents’ pre-gestation exposure to chemicals on sensitization among teenagers living in an area where ambient air was contaminated. We examined overall immunoglobulin E contents and leukocytes migration inhibition test with formaldehyde and sodium nitrite in 115 teenagers whose parents worked under adverse working conditions at chemical and petrochemical enterprises and in 244 schoolchildren whose parents didn’t have any occupational contacts with chemicals. Each group was divided into sub-groups depending on inhalation chemical burden on schoolchildren’s bodies caused by ambient air contamination and contaminated air indoors (with hazard index (HI) for immune disorders being lower than 2 and HI≥2). The research allowed establishing that teenagers whose parents had worked at chemical and petrochemical enterprises during a pre-gestation period had elevated IgE contents more frequently as well as changes in leukocytes migration inhibition test with formaldehyde; it indicated there was sensitization to this chemical. Parents’ occupational contacts with chemicals led to an increase in relative risks of elevated igE contents and 2.5 times higher sensitization among schoolchildren with HI<2. Risk that sensitization to formaldehyde might occur was equal to 2.3 among senior schoolchildren with HI≥2 whose parents worked at chemical enterprises.

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE AND AMBIENT AIR CONTAMINATION BY NATURALLY OCCURRING ASBESTOS IN VALMALENCO (ITALY)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cattaneo ◽  
Anna Somigliana ◽  
Mauro Gemmi ◽  
Ferruccio Bernabeo ◽  
Domenico Cavallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Asbestos

scholarly journals On implementation of «Clean air» federal project in Omsk

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
A.S. Kriga ◽  
◽  
S.V. Nikitin Nikitin ◽  
E.L. Ovchinnikova ◽  
O.V. Plotnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Complex Program ◽  
Clean Air

The first two years of «Clean air» Federal project in Omsk have been completed and preliminary results have been estimated. The present work deals with issues related to implementation of the Complex program aimed at reducing emissions, highlights the sanitary-epidemiologic situation related to air contamination in settlements, and describes activities aimed at optimizing a laboratory network used for monitoring over ambient air quality. It is essential to obtain maximum objective data on population health risks caused by ambient air contamination at the initial stage of the Federal project implementation. Our research goal was to estimate intermediate results in the Federal project implementation taking into account preliminary analysis of sanitary epidemiologic welfare in Omsk related to ambient air contamination. Our research object was ambient air quality in Omsk, potential health risks and population health parameters associated with ambient air contamination over 2009–2019. The examination was performed in accordance with a procedure for health risk assessment under exposure to chemicals (R 2.1.10.1920-04), as well as procedures, approaches, and algorithms stipulated in the normative and methodological documents MR 2.1.6.0158-19, MR 2.1.6.0156-19, with use of geoinformation technologies and statistical procedures. The research allowed substantiating a program for monitoring over ambient air quality taking into account all the existing monitoring systems basing on spatial distribution of total hazard quotient (S) in Omsk residential area and preliminary data obtained via aggregated calculations of ground contaminants concentrations. We suggested a list of control parameters and a procedure for their estimation in order to provide objective and timely monitoring over implementation of the Complex program aimed at reducing emissions into ambient air in Omsk. Implementation of the Complex program was estimated as per results of certain activities accomplished within it in 2019.

scholarly journals Assessing risks of circulatory disorders among adults exposed to ambient air chemical contamination when living in the perm region

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-865
Author(s):  
Kristina V. Chetverkina
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Mathematic Modeling ◽  
Effect Relation ◽  
Perm Region ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

Introduction. It is vital to study circulatory diseases as they account for the greatest share in causes of death in Russia (about 55%). Also, environmental factors contribute significantly to morbidity with circulatory diseases. It is important to reveal chemicals that exert their impacts on pathology occurrence in the circulatory system; should such impacts be eliminated or reduced, it will make for a decrease in morbidity and mortality among the population caused by the nosologies being considered in the present work.Material and methods. We took data on chemical contamination of ambient air and data on primary morbidity as per the “diseases of the circulatory system” category among the adult population living in the Perm region over 2013-2017 as or initial data. All the data were processed with many techniques including hygienic examination, health risk assessment under chronic inhalation exposure, and mathematic modeling within the “health - environment” system.Results. Our research results allowed establishing that there was an ascending trend in primary morbidity with circulatory diseases among the population living in the Perm region. We revealed that phenol concentrations amounted up to 6.67 MPC average daily, and benzene ones, up to 2.37 MPC average daily; simultaneously, we revealed unacceptable risk regarding circulatory diseases (harm index (HI) was up to 1.9), and the greatest contribution into it was made by phenol (up to 78.52%) and benzene (up to 75.59%). Mathematic modeling allowed establishing there was an authentic and relevant cause-and-effect relation between primary morbidity with circulatory diseases among the adult population and ambient air contamination with phenol.Conclusions. We revealed phenol and benzene concentrations in ambient air which were significantly higher than MPC; identified and parameterized an authentic cause-and-effect relation between ambient air contamination with phenol and circulatory diseases.

UAV-based gas monitoring systems for the underpinning of urban, agricultural and industrial emission roadmaps – a methodological approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Leitner ◽  
Wendelin Feichtinger ◽  
Stefan Mayer ◽  
Florian Mayer ◽  
Dustin Krompetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Gas Monitoring ◽  
Natural Isotopic Abundance ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Pressure Compensation

&lt;p&gt;Currently sampling of the atmosphere for gas emission measurements involves building towers or hiring airplanes - capital-intensive methods. Easy access to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has opened-up new opportunities for remote gas sampling. The project Iso-2-Drone aims to develop and produce a modular UAV-based gas monitoring system for emission measurements to substitute current technologies. A key feature of the UAV-attached gas sampler design was the ready-to-use nature of the system. This meant that the system was designed to mesh with commonly available equipment, using collection vessels which can be easily and immediately measured by common continuous flow - isotope ratio mass spectrometer (CF-IRMS) instrumentation. The target compounds comprise the three major natural greenhouse gases CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O to be measured at natural isotopic abundance and ambient levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We use 20 mL headspace vials for CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sampling. Vials can be conditioned on-sight with our sample preparation prototype using repeatedly evacuating and synthetic air refilling cycles to prevent ambient air contamination. On the UAV-attached sampler atmospheric air is sampled passively by pressure compensation of the vacuum. N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O is sampled actively via adsorption tubes, filled with Molecular Sieve 5&amp;#197; and conditioned in the lab. Both a prototype device and two UAV-attached samplers have been designed, built and are currently tested.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The measurement setup in the lab comprises of two autosamplers, a purge &amp; trap system (VSP 4000, IMT Innovative Maschinentechnik GmbH) and a headspace sampler (CTC CombiPal, Chromtech GmbH) in order to switch from ppb range necessary for CH&lt;sub&gt;4 &lt;/sub&gt;and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O to a ppm range for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. For CO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;measurements the CTC injects 600 &amp;#181;l of sampled air to a Restek Micropacked Column (Shin Carbon ST 100/120, 2m x 1mm ID and 1/16&amp;#8221; OD) within a Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra heated up from 40&amp;#176;C to 110&amp;#176;C, maintained for 5 min, before heating up to 180&amp;#176;C by 12&amp;#176;C per minute. Thereby CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is properly separated from the potentially interfering N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O. For CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; the residual air sample is cryo-focused at -140&amp;#176;C in a HayeSep D filled trap, transferred to the GC and targeted with a Poraplot Q (30m x 0.32mm) held at 35&amp;#176;C. Using the similar GC method and autosampler N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O is desorbed after switching the autosampler to thermal desorption mode. All three analytes pass an oxidation/reduction reactor (1030&amp;#176;C) before they are introduced into the IRMS (Thermo Scientific DeltaV Advantage) via a universal gas interface (Thermo Scientific Conflo IV). The IRMS continuously scans the intensity of the mass-to-charge ratios of mass 44, 45, 46 for CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and 28, 29 for N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;0 converted to N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N are referenced against calibrated laboratory reference gases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We are currently tuning the methods and testing the prototypes and will present the lasted results and open questions at the conference.&lt;/p&gt;

Indoor Air Contamination With Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debdas Mukerjee ◽  
Olaf Päpke ◽  
Wilfried Karmaus
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Day Nursery

Pentachlorophenol (PCP), used extensively for wood preservative purposes, contains trace amounts of polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins (PCDDs) and-dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as contaminants. Residues of these compounds are present on the surface and sub surface of the treated wood. These contaminants have the potential to wear (or migrate) away or volatilize from the wood surface and become entrained in ambient air or dust particles, and thus becom ing available for human contact. During the early sixties several day nursery facilities were built with PCP-treated wood in the northern part of West Germany. In this paper we describe the indoor air monitoring data in these kindergarten buildings and the associated possible long-term health risk. The indoor ambient air was found to be contaminated with highly toxic PCDDs/ PCDFs at pg/m3 levels. HxCDDs, HpCFs and OCDDs/OCDFs congeners were the major contaminants.

scholarly journals On implementation of «Clean air» federal project in Omsk

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
A.S. Kriga ◽  
◽  
S.V. Nikitin ◽  
E.L. Ovchinnikova ◽  
O.V. Plotnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Complex Program ◽  
Clean Air

The first two years of «Clean air» Federal project in Omsk have been completed and preliminary results have been estimated. The present work deals with issues related to implementation of the Complex program aimed at reducing emissions, highlights the sanitary-epidemiologic situation related to air contamination in settlements, and describes activities aimed at optimizing a laboratory network used for monitoring over ambient air quality. It is essential to obtain maximum objective data on population health risks caused by ambient air contamination at the initial stage of the Federal project implementation. Our research goal was to estimate intermediate results in the Federal project implementation taking into account preliminary analysis of sanitary epidemiologic welfare in Omsk related to ambient air contamination. Our research object was ambient air quality in Omsk, potential health risks and population health parameters associated with ambient air contamination over 2009–2019. The examination was performed in accordance with a procedure for health risk assessment under exposure to chemicals (R 2.1.10.1920-04), as well as procedures, approaches, and algorithms stipulated in the normative and methodological documents MR 2.1.6.0158-19, MR 2.1.6.0156-19, with use of geoinformation technologies and statistical procedures. The research allowed substantiating a program for monitoring over ambient air quality taking into account all the existing monitoring systems basing on spatial distribution of total hazard quotient (S) in Omsk residential area and preliminary data obtained via aggregated calculations of ground contaminants concentrations. We suggested a list of control parameters and a procedure for their estimation in order to provide objective and timely monitoring over implementation of the Complex program aimed at reducing emissions into ambient air in Omsk. Implementation of the Complex program was estimated as per results of certain activities accomplished within it in 2019.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document