scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin D Status Affects Hepatitis B Vaccine Response in Breastfeeding Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1048-1048
Author(s):  
Danforth Newton ◽  
John Baatz ◽  
Judy Shary ◽  
Renee Washington ◽  
Carol Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status ◽  
Linear Correlations

Abstract Objectives Vitamin D (VitD) affects immune function across the lifespan, which includes pregnancy and lactation. We hypothesized that the response of fully breastfeeding (BrF) infants to HBV would differ as a function of maternal and/or infant's vitD status as measured by circulating 25-hydroxyD (25-D) concentration. Methods Plasma 25-D concentration and HBV titers were measured in a subset of mothers and exclusively BrF infants (n = 56 pairs) participating in a lactation vitD supplementation clinical trial. Mothers were randomized to receive either 400 vs. 6400 IU vitD3/day and infants 400 IU/day or placebo (if mother was in 6400 IU group). An additional 14 infants were exclusively formula-fed (FF). 25-D concentration (RIA) and infant anti-HBV IgG titers (ELISA) after 3 vaccinations (7 months of age) were measured. The associations between maternal vitD treatment group, circulating 25-D, and HBV IgG titers were explored using t-tests, ANOVA and linear correlations. Results After 3 vaccinations, all infants in this study were considered to be highly immune to HBV (plasma anti-HBV surface IgG titer >100 IU/mL). However, we found that mean anti-HBV IgG titers in exclusively BrF infants were significantly lower if mother was vitD sufficient (2200 vs 4500 IU/ml; P = 0.017), with inverse correlation between infant IgG titers and maternal vitD status (r = −0.31; P = 0.02). We also found that these infant anti-HBV titers were not significantly correlated with their own vitD status (P = 0.18). Results also showed that mean titers in exclusively FF infants were not correlated with vitD status and were nearly identical to those of BrF infants of vitD-insufficient mothers. Conclusions Though still considered immune after 3 vaccinations, HBV IgG titers of BrF infants differed at 7 months of age by maternal vitD treatment and not on the basis of infant vitD status. These findings suggest that effects of vitD on breastmilk composition results in regulation of an infant's immune response perhaps by induction of immunotolerance, whether through blunting of a massive immune response to HBV antigens or affecting a more rapid switch from active plasma cells to memory B cells. A currently ongoing lactation pilot study continues to collect samples to confirm and expand these findings. Funding Sources NIH/NCATS, SC Translational Research Institute, MUSC Pediatrics.

scholarly journals DHA Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation Affects Infants' Cellular but Not Humoral Immune Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Granot ◽  
Einat Jakobovich ◽  
Ruth Rabinowitz ◽  
Paloma Levy ◽  
Michael Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Proinflammatory Response ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background. It is currently recommended that diet of pregnant mothers contain 200–300 mg DHA/day.Aim. To determine whether DHA supplementation during pregnancy and lactation affects infants' immune response.Methods. 60 women in ≥3rd pregnancy studied; 30 randomly assigned to receive DHA 400 mg/day from 12th week gestation until 4 months postpartum. From breast-fed infants, blood obtained for anti-HBs antibodies, immunoglobulins, lymphocyte subset phenotyping, and intracellular cytokine production.Results. CD4+ lymphocytes did not differ between groups, but CD4CD45RA/CD4 (naïve cells) significantly higher in infants in DHA+ group. Proportion of CD4 and CD8 cells producing IFNγsignificantly lower in DHA+ group, with no differences in proportion of IL4-producing cells. Immunoglobulins and anti-HBs levels did not differ between groups.Conclusions. In infants of mothers receiving DHA supplementation, a higher percentage of CD4 naïve cells and decreased CD4 and CD8 IFNγproduction is compatible with attenuation of a proinflammatory response.

scholarly journals Influence of daily 10–85 μg vitamin D supplements during pregnancy and lactation on maternal vitamin D status and mature milk antirachitic activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline Stoutjesdijk ◽  
Anne Schaafsma ◽  
Ido P. Kema ◽  
Jan van der Molen ◽  
D. A. Janneke Dijck-Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status

AbstractPregnant and lactating women and breastfed infants are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. The supplemental vitamin D dose that optimises maternal vitamin D status and breast milk antirachitic activity (ARA) is unclear. Healthy pregnant women were randomised to 10 (n 10), 35 (n 11), 60 (n 11) and 85 (n 11) µg vitamin D3/d from 20 gestational weeks (GW) to 4 weeks postpartum (PP). The participants also received increasing dosages of fish oil supplements and a multivitamin. Treatment allocation was not blinded. Parent vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured in maternal plasma at 20 GW, 36 GW and 4 weeks PP, and in milk at 4 weeks PP. Median 25(OH)D and parent vitamin D at 20 GW were 85 (range 25–131) nmol/l and ‘not detectable (nd)’ (range nd–40) nmol/l. Both increased, seemingly dose dependent, from 20 to 36 GW and decreased from 36 GW to 4 weeks PP. In all, 35 µg vitamin D/d was needed to increase 25(OH)D to adequacy (80–249 nmol/l) in >97·5 % of participants at 36 GW, while >85 µg/d was needed to reach this criterion at 4 weeks PP. The 25(OH)D increments from 20 to 36 GW and from 20 GW to 4 weeks PP diminished with supplemental dose and related inversely to 25(OH)D at 20 GW. Milk ARA related to vitamin D3 dose, but the infant adequate intake of 513 IU/l was not reached. Vitamin D3 dosages of 35 and >85 µg/d were needed to reach adequate maternal vitamin D status at 36 GW and 4 weeks PP, respectively.

Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Pilone ◽  
Salvatore Tramontano ◽  
Carmen Cutolo ◽  
Federica Marchese ◽  
Antonio Maria Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9 ± 10.7 years, and 44.3 ± 6.99 kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9 ng/mL), severe VDD (<10 ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) were present in 68.8 %, 12.5 %, and 31.2 % of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = −0.280, p < 0.05; r = −0.407, p = 0.038; r = −0.445, p = 0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [−0.413 ± 0.12, CI95 % (−0.659; −0.167), p = 0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [−1.005 ± 1.65, CI95 % (−4.338; 2.326), p = 0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [−0.44 ± 2.20, CI95 % (−4.876; 3.986), p = 0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69 ± 2.31, CI95 % (2.06; 11.33), p = 0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.

Maternal Vitamin D Status and Development of Asthma and Allergy in Early Childhood

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 900-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Papadopoulou ◽  
Evangelia Bountouvi ◽  
Vasiliki Papaevaggelou ◽  
Kostas Priftis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status

scholarly journals AB0806 DOES VITAMIN D INFLUENCE THE ACTIVITY OF THE DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1704.1-1705
Author(s):  
L. Montolio-Chiva ◽  
A. V. Orenes Vera ◽  
M. Aguilar-Zamora ◽  
C. Vergara-Dangond ◽  
I. Vázquez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background:Several studies have shown an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels (25OHD) and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the existing data in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are poor, and they use the DAS28 index as a peripheral joint activity marker by extrapolation with RA.Objectives:To analyze the relationship between 25OHD levels, disease activity and functional capacity in patients with PsA.Methods:Transversal, observational, descriptive study. We included PsA patients with peripheral joint involvement. We collected demographic variables (gender, age), clinical variables [follow-up, received treatments, TJC (68), SJC (68), VAS] and analytical variables (25OHD, CRP, ESR). We usedDisease activity in psoriatic arthritis(DAPSA) score to measure disease activity, and theHealth assessment questionnaire(HAQ) to determine functional capacity. Levels of 25 OHD <20 ng/ml and between 20-30 ng/ml were considered deficient and insufficient, respectively. Statistical analysis was made with SPSS 22.0. The descriptive analysis results were expressed as percentage and mean ± SD. We used Pearson’s correlation to assess the association between quantitative variables and T test to compare means between dichotomous variables.Results:125 patients were included, the majority women (60.8%), with an average age of 55.4 (SD 12.2) years. The average follow-up was 75.5 (SD 68.3) months. 97.6% of patients had received DMARDs and 40.8% biologics, and almost half of the patients (42.7%) took calcium and 25OHD supplements. The average value of 25OHD was 27.1 (SD 12.1) ng/ml, with 30% of patients having 25OHD deficit and 63.3% insufficiency. The majority of patients had an acceptable disease control, with a mean DAPSA of 10.5 (SD 7,9); and mean of CRP, ESR, TJC and SJC was 6.1 (SD 3.7) mg/l, 10.2 (SD 9.9) mm/h, 1.3 (SD 2.5) and 0.7 (SD 2.1), respectively. The average value of HAQ was 0.6 (SD 0.7). We observed an inverse correlation between 25OHD levels and joint counts, TJC (p=0.02) and SJC (p=0.03). On the other hand, patients with hypovitaminosis D presented a tendency to get higher scores in DAPSA index (P=0.07). We do not observe any relationship between 25OHD and HAQ.Conclusion:As can be seen in our sample, low values of 25OHD are related to increased disease activity in patients with PsA.Disclosure of Interests:L Montolio-Chiva: None declared, Ana V Orenes Vera: None declared, Marta Aguilar-Zamora: None declared, C Vergara-Dangond: None declared, I Vázquez-Gómez: None declared, Eduardo Flores: None declared, A Sendra-García: None declared, À Martínez-Ferrer: None declared, Elia Valls-Pascual Grant/research support from: Roche, Novartis, and AbbVie, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, UCB Pharma, D Ybáñez-García Speakers bureau: Lilly, Roche, Sanofi, V Núñez-Monje: None declared, I Torner-Hernández: None declared, Juanjo J Alegre-Sancho Consultant of: UCB, Roche, Sanofi, Boehringer, Celltrion, Paid instructor for: GSK, Speakers bureau: MSD, GSK, Lilly, Sanofi, Roche, UCB, Actelion, Pfizer, Abbvie, Novartis

scholarly journals Links between fecal microbiota and the response to vaccination against influenza A virus in pigs

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Borey ◽  
Fany Blanc ◽  
Gaëtan Lemonnier ◽  
Jean-Jacques Leplat ◽  
Deborah Jardet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

AbstractThis study describes the associations between fecal microbiota and vaccine response variability in pigs, using 98 piglets vaccinated against the influenza A virus at 28 days of age (D28) with a booster at D49. Immune response to the vaccine is measured at D49, D56, D63, and D146 by serum levels of IAV-specific IgG and assays of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI). Analysis of the pre-vaccination microbiota characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal DNA reveals a higher vaccine response in piglets with a richer microbiota, and shows that 23 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) are differentially abundant between high and low IAV-specific IgG producers at D63. A stronger immune response is linked with OTUs assigned to the genus Prevotella and family Muribaculaceae, and a weaker response is linked with OTUs assigned to the genera Helicobacter and Escherichia-Shigella. A set of 81 OTUs accurately predicts IAV-specific IgG and HAI titer levels at all time points, highlighting early and late associations between pre-vaccination fecal microbiota composition and immune response to the vaccine.

scholarly journals Low maternal vitamin D status and fetal bone development: Cohort study

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Mahon ◽  
Nicholas Harvey ◽  
Sarah Crozier ◽  
Hazel Inskip ◽  
Sian Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Fetal Bone ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status

ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN COVID VACCINE EFFICACY IN ELDERLY IN INDIAN POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Gujjarlapudi Deepika ◽  
Duvuru Nageshwar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Inclusion

Background: Aim of this study is to summarise the role of Vitamin D in supporting the immune system,in covid vaccinated recipients. This is a observational study done between April 2021 t Methods: o June 2021 in Indian population. We compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike RBDIgG antibody & antispike antibodies following vaccination of non-hospitalized participants along with vitamin D levels in recipients above 60 years. They were tested after vaccination after two doses between 15-45 days. Before study inclusion criteria is, we have checked whether they were as seropositive or seronegative based on nucleocapsid total antibody results. of 310 Results vaccine recipients, 46 reported a prior COVID-19 diagnosis and we have excluded them from the study of the 264 with no history of Covid-19, 70 were vitamin d decient (50M;20 F) & 194 (130 M:64 F) were vitamin d Sufcient. Responses were evaluated after two doses on an average post-vaccine RBD IgG concentration and Spike antibodies were each signicantly higher among the Vit d sufcient recipients compared to the vitamin D Decient recipients. An integrated approach is required to bett Conclusions: er understand aging and how vaccines work in elderly which will help in improving the immune response in older adults after vaccination.

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