scholarly journals The Association Between Peanut and Peanut Butter Consumption and Cognitive Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Katzman ◽  
Samara Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Fluency Test

Abstract Objectives This study investigated the association of peanut and peanut butter (P/PB) consumption and cognitive function. Methods Using 2011–2014 NHANES data, we selected 60–80 year-olds who had two 24-hour diet recalls, cognitive function tests, and education information. P/PB and tree nut (TN) consumption was measured as well as the participant's performance on the CERAD Word Learning subtest (CERAD W-L), Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Scores from the three cognitive tests were dichotomized. Individuals were classified as either P/PB consumers or non-consumers and TN consumers or non-consumers. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models examined associations between P/PB consumption, TN consumption, age, gender, education and cognitive function. Results Among the 2,857 individuals examined, participants who did not consume P/PB were more likely to do poorly on the CERAD W-L (adjusted OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.25–1.92), AFT (adjusted OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.06–1.60), and DSST (adjusted OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.10–1.71) when compared to those who did consume P/PB. Conclusions These findings suggest an association between P/PB consumption and cognitive function. Funding Sources The Peanut Institute provided funding.

The Association between Peanut and Peanut Butter Consumption and Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E.W. Katzman ◽  
S.J. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
History Of

Background: Many studies have focused on the association between diet and cognitive function. While a subset of these studies focused on a diet that includes tree nuts (TN), there is limited data on the association between peanut and peanut butter consumption (P/PB) and cognitive health. Objective: This study investigated the association of P/PB consumption and cognitive function. Design: This was a cross-sectional study using 2011-2014 NHANES data. Participants/setting: Individuals 60-80 years old in 2011-2014 NHANES who had two 24-hour dietary recalls, cognitive function tests, and education level and with no history of stroke. Measurements: P/PB and TN consumption was measured as well as participant performance on the CERAD Word Learning subtest (CERAD W-L), Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Scores from the three cognitive tests were dichotomized. Individuals were classified as either P/PB consumers or non-consumers and TN consumers or non-consumers. Logistic regression models examined associations between P/PB consumption, tree nut consumption, and cognitive function with adjusted models including age, sex, and education as covariates. Results: A total of 2,454 adults, aged 60-80 years old (mean age=69.4) participated. Approximately half were male (48%), 18% were P/PB consumers, and 14% consumed TN. Participants who did not consume P/PB were more likely to do poorly on the CERAD W-L (adjusted OR=1.56, 95% CI 1.24-1.97; p<0.05), AFT (adjusted OR=1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.61; p<0.05), and DSST (adjusted OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.12-1.82; p<0.05) when compared to those who did consume P/PB. Conclusions: These findings suggest an association between P/PB consumption and cognitive function; however, this is a cross sectional study and a causal relationship cannot be established. More studies are needed to determine causality.

scholarly journals Positive Attitudes and Reasons for Consuming Legumes Are Associated with Legume Intake Among Adults in Puerto Rico

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Elena Hemler ◽  
Martha Tamez ◽  
Jose Rodriguez Orengo ◽  
Josiemer Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression

Abstract Objectives Legumes are a healthy staple of the traditional Puerto Rican diet. Emphasizing legume intake could be a culturally acceptable strategy for chronic disease prevention in Puerto Rico. This study aimed to investigate attitudes, reasons, intentions, and expectations about legume consumption in Puerto Rico and associations with dietary intake. Methods This study includes adult participants (30–75y) from the Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle and Diseases, who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire and a legumes questionnaire (n = 206). Attitudes and reasons were assessed with a Likert scale and assigned 0 points for disagree, 1 point for neutral, and 2 points for agree. Scores were computed by summing the points for 12 attitudes or 12 reasons; higher scores indicate more positive attitudes and stronger reasons for consuming legumes. Adjusted linear regression models examined associations between each score and bean intake, rice intake, and ratio of bean to rice intake. Adjusted logistic regression models tested the associations between specific intentions and expectations about legume consumption and bean intake. Results Most participants were female (70%), Puerto Rican (80%), and lived in urban areas (90%). Participants reported consuming a median of 0.47 servings/d of beans and 0.57 servings/d of rice. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, each additional positive attitude was associated with a 0.08 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.1) servings/d higher bean intake and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.04, 1.28) higher ratio of bean to rice intake. Each additional reason to consume legumes was associated with a 0.04 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.06) servings/d higher bean intake. No other significant associations were observed for the attitudes or reasons scores, nor for expectations or intentions to consume legumes. Conclusions Having positive attitudes and more reasons for consuming legumes are associated with higher bean intake. Positive attitudes are also associated with a higher ratio of bean to rice intake. Interventions aiming to increase legume intake to prevent cardiometabolic disease in Puerto Rico should emphasize building positive attitudes and reasons for consuming legumes. Funding Sources Anonymous donations; Northarvest Bean Growers Association; FDI Clinical Research; and National Institutes of Health.

scholarly journals Individual and Combined Associations of Glucose Metabolic Components With Cognitive Function Modified by Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixin He ◽  
Ruizhi Zheng ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Qiuyu Cao ◽  
Tianzhichao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Individual

AimWe aimed to detect the individual and combined effect of glucose metabolic components on cognitive function in particular domains among older adults.MethodsData of 2,925 adults aged over 60 years from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Individuals’ cognitive function was evaluated using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Animal Fluency Test (AF), the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Immediate Recall (CERAD-IR), and CERAD Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR). Participants’ glucose metabolic health status was determined based on fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 2-h postload glucose. Linear regression models were used to delineate the associations of cognitive function with individual glucose metabolic component and with metformin use. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the associations of cognition with the number of glucose metabolic risk components.ResultsCERAD-IR was significantly associated with HOMA-IR and insulin. HbA1c was related to all the cognitive tests except AF. Among participants without obesity, HOMA-IR and insulin were both negatively associated with CERAD-IR and CERAD-DR. Odds of scoring low in DSST increased with the number of glucose metabolic risk components (odds ratio 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26 to 2.98). Metformin use was associated with better performance in DSST among diabetes patients (β = 4.184, 95% CI 1.655 to 6.713).ConclusionsOur findings support the associations of insulin resistance and glycemic level with cognitive function in key domains, especially among adults without obesity. There is a positive association between metformin use and cognition.

Abstract 17220: Risk Factors for Recurrent Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in 783 Women in California

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Punag Divanji ◽  
Gregory Nah ◽  
Ian Harris ◽  
Anu Agarwal ◽  
Nisha I Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Grand Multiparity ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression

Introduction: Characterized by significant left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and clinical heart failure (HF), peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) has an incidence of approximately 1/2200 live births (0.04%). Prior studies estimate that approximately 25% of those with recovered LV function will have recurrent clinical PPCM during subsequent pregnancies, compared to 50% of those without recovered LV function. Specific predictors of recurrent PPCM have not been studied in cohorts with large numbers. Methods: From 2005-2011, we identified 1,872,227 pregnancies by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) codes in the California Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) database, which captures over 95% of the California hospitalized population. Excluding 15,765 women with prior cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, stroke, HF, valve disease, or congenital heart disease), yielded n=1,856,462 women. Among women without prior cardiovascular disease, we identified index and subsequent pregnancies with PPCM to determine episodes of recurrent PPCM. We considered the following potential predictors of PPCM recurrence in both univariate and age-adjusted logistic regression models: age, race, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, chronic kidney disease, family history, pre-eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy, income, and insurance status. Results: In HCUP, n=783 women had pregnancies complicated by PPCM (mean age=30.8 years). Among these women, n=133 had a subsequent pregnancy (17%; mean age=28.1 years), with a mean follow-up of 4.34 years (±1.71 years). In this group of 133 subsequent pregnancies, n=14 (10.5%) were complicated by recurrent PPCM, with a mean time-to-event of 2.2 years (±1.89 years). Among the risk factors studied, the only univariate predictor of recurrent PPCM was grand multiparity, defined as ≥ 5 previous deliveries (odds ratio: 22; 95% confidence interval 4.43-118.22). The other predictors we studied were not significantly associated with recurrent PPCM in either univariate or multivariable models. Conclusion: In a large population database in California with 783 cases of PPCM over a 6-year period, 17% of women had a subsequent pregnancy, of which 10.5% had recurrent PPCM. In age-adjusted logistic regression models, grand multiparity was the only statistically significant predictor of recurrent PPCM.

Abstract P176: Moderate Physical Activity and Sleep Duration as Predictors of Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Hypertension: NHANES 2011-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Hoffmann ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Symbol Substitution

Introduction: Hypertension is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline. Lifestyle behaviors such as moderate physical activity (MPA) and adequate sleep duration may mitigate this decline, though limited research exists. The aim of the study was to examine the joint association of MPA and sleep duration on cognitive function by hypertension status. Methods: Adults (n=2976, ≥60yrs) from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were assessed for their habitual sleep duration (<7, 7-8.9, ≥9hr) , self-reported participation in regular MPA (yes/no), reported physician-diagnosed hypertension (yes/no), and cognitive function (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]; Animal Fluency test). Weighted linear regression analyses were conducted to assess joint association of sleep duration and MPA on cognitive function, and test the modifying effect of hypertension status (alpha level set at 0.1) after adjustment for demographics. Results: See Table. There were significant main effects for combined MPA and sleep duration on DSST (Wald F (5,28)=5.33, p =.001) and Animal Fluency (Wald F (5,28)=2.58, p =.05). Participants who did not engage in MPA regardless of sleep duration had significantly worse cognitive function compared to participants who engaged in MPA and obtained 7-8.9hr sleep. There was a significant interaction between MPA-sleep duration groups and hypertension status on DSST (Wald F (5,28)=2.42, p =.06), but not on Animal Fluency. Stratified analyses indicated among individuals with hypertension the buffering effect of MPA regardless of sleep duration was maintained, but not for individuals without hypertension. Conclusions: In a sample of adults, regular MPA predicted better cognitive outcomes regardless of sleep duration. Among individuals with hypertension regular MPA regardless of sleep duration was significantly associated with better executive function, but no such association was found among individuals without hypertension.

Abstract P423: Lactation Duration is Associated With Favorable Cognitive Function in Women During Midlife: The 30-year Cardia Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica P Gunderson ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
Jennifer Lui ◽  
Kristine Yaffe ◽  
Stephen Sidney
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Women ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Category Fluency ◽  
Lactation Duration ◽  
Fluency Test

Introduction: Lactation has been associated with lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and early atherosclerosis in women across the childbearing years. The lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases related to higher lifetime lactation may also extend to levels of cognitive function during midlife. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that lactation duration is associated with better cognitive function in women during midlife independent of antecedent risk factors, as well as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Methods: We included 904 women aged 18-30 years at baseline (1985-86) enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study without no diabetes before ≥1 birth(s) after baseline, reported lactation duration for each post-baseline birth, and had 6 measures of cognitive function assessed at Year 30 (2015-16) including the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Letter Fluency Test, and Category Fluency Test. Linear regression models estimated mean (95%CI) cognition scores by lactation duration (none, >0 to 6 mos, > 6 to <12 mos, ≥12 mos) adjusted for race, age, BMI, blood pressure, parity, and follow up covariates (Table 1). Results: Among parous women (46% black, 54% white) at 30-year follow up, average age was 54 yrs and 47% had obesity, 61% delivered ≥2 births since baseline, 29% used anti-hypertensive medications and 16% developed overt diabetes. Black women were less likely to report >6 mos of total lactation for all births than white women (23% vs. 58%). Unadjusted and fully adjusted mean scores for 3 cognitive function measures had graded direct associations with increasing lactation duration; specifically, the RAVLT, MoCA and Category Fluency Test scores (all p-trend < 0.01). Conclusions: In this prospective study, longer lactation duration was associated with more favorable cognition scores among women during midlife.

Nurse Burnout Revisited: A Comparison of Computational Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. E17-E33
Author(s):  
Herica Silva Dutra ◽  
Edinêis de Brito Guirardello ◽  
Yin Li ◽  
Jeannie P. Cimiotti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Intent To Leave ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Nurse Burnout ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Nurse Outcomes

Background and PurposeTo examine computational measures of job-related burnout to determine the best computation to estimate job satisfaction and intent to leave in Brazilian nursing professionals.MethodsMaslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used assess burnout in 452 hospital-based nursing professionals. Adjusted logistic regression models were fit using different computations of burnout to estimate outcomes of interest.ResultsTotal mean score of burnout subscales was the best estimate of job satisfaction (Cox-Snell R2 = 0.312; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.450) and intent to leave (Cox-Snell R2 = 0.156; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.300), as was high emotional exhaustion (Cox-Snell R2 = 0.219; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.316).ConclusionWe have provided evidence that different computations of data from the Portuguese (Brazil) MBI-HSS can be used in to estimate the effect of job-related burnout on nurse outcomes.

scholarly journals The association of diabetes and BMI among Melanesian and Indian Fijians aged ≥ 40 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry Brian ◽  
Jacqueline Ramke ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Louise Maher ◽  
John Szetu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Population Based Survey

The present study examines the association of diabetes with BMI (kg/m2) in Asian-Indian and Melanesian Fijian populations sharing a common environment. A population-based survey was used to investigate the risk of diabetes (defined by glycosylated Hb concentration ≥ 6·5 % among participants who denied previous diagnosis of the disease by a medical practitioner) by sex, ethnicity and strata of BMI in a series of age-adjusted logistic regression models. Ethnicity and BMI interactions were compared using WHO and empirically derived BMI cut-off points. Indians had a greater risk (BMI and age adjusted) of undetected diabetes than Melanesians in both males (OR 2·99, 95 % CI 1·73, 5·17; P < 0·001) and females (OR 2·26, 95 % CI 1·56, 3·28; P < 0·001). BMI ≥ 25 to < 30 and ≥ 30 kg/m2 conferred a higher risk of diabetes compared with a BMI ≥ 18·5 to < 25 kg/m2. Risk was higher for males with a BMI ≥ 25 to < 30 kg/m2 (OR 2·35, 95 % CI 1·24, 4·46; P = 0·007) and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR 6·08, 95 % CI 3·06, 12·07; P < 0·001) than for females with the same BMI (OR 1·85, 95 % CI 1·11, 3·08; P = 0·027 and OR 2·10, 95 % CI 1·28, 3·44; P = 0·002, respectively). However, the threshold that appeared to differentiate higher risk varied by ethnicity and sex. For Melanesians, BMI thresholds suggested were 25 kg/m2 for males and 32 kg/m2 for females. For Indo-Fijians, these were 24 and 22 kg/m2 for males and females, respectively. Disaggregating by ethnicity and sex, and applying specific evidence-based thresholds, may render BMI a more discriminating tool for assessing the risk of developing diabetes among Fiji adults.

Factors Influencing Market Participants Decision to Sort Groundnuts along the Marketing Chain in Ghana

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Awuah ◽  
S. C. Fialor ◽  
A. D. Binns ◽  
J. Kagochi ◽  
C. M. Jolly
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Marketing Chain

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important source of protein and fat in Ghana and other developing countries. However, peanut is often contaminated with aflatoxin because of poor storage conditions. One possible approach to minimizing human consumption of aflatoxin is to sort and remove contaminated nuts at various stages of marketing. Logistic regression models were used to investigate factors influencing market participants' decision to sort peanut before processing and consumption. Results show that farmers' decision to sort peanut before consumption was influenced by gender, education, age, number of dependents assisting, knowledge of health problems associated with consuming aflatoxin contaminated peanut, total revenue per hectare of peanut, and the form in which the peanut is consumed. Livestock owners' decision to sort before consumption was influenced by education and the form in which the peanut is consumed. The level of education of consumers, and the form in which the peanut is consumed influenced consumers' decision to sort peanut. Farmers' decision to sort peanut before processing into paste was influenced by the number of dependents assisting in household labor activities, the revenue from peanut and the form in which the peanut is consumed. The form in which the peanut is consumed and knowledge of the health effects of aflatoxin influenced livestock owner's, retailer's, and consumer's decision to sort peanut before processing into paste. Processors' decision to sort before conversion into paste was influenced by education, knowledge of the reasons for sorting and the form in which peanut is consumed.

scholarly journals Associations Between Meal Planning and Food Ordering Features of a Digital Precision Nutrition Platform and Improvements in Diet Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1000-1000
Author(s):  
Emily Hu ◽  
Mahesh Pasupuleti ◽  
Viet Nguyen ◽  
Dexter Shurney ◽  
Jason Langheier
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Goal Change ◽  
Diet Score

Abstract Objectives Foodsmart is a digital precision nutrition platform that seeks to address barriers to healthy eating with features including (but not limited to) personalized dietary recommendations based on food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) responses, a meal planner, grocery list, and food ordering capabilities. We investigated the association between engagement with these features and changes in diet quality over time. Methods We included 9939 obese adults ages 18–80 living in the U.S. who enrolled in Foodsmart. Usual dietary intake, age, weight, height, and sex were reported through a 53-item FFQ, modified from the National Cancer Institue's Diet History Questionnaire. A healthy diet score was calculated, which contains 7 components: fruits, vegetables, protein ratio (white meat/vegetarian protein: red/processed meat), carbohydrate ratio (fiber: carbohydrate), fat ratio (polyunsaturated: saturated/trans fats), sodium, and hydration (% of daily fluid goal). Change in diet quality was calculated by subtracting users’ first score from their last score. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of improvement in diet quality per engagement with each feature, adjusted for gender, age, baseline BMI, baseline diet score, and enrollment time. Results Of the 9,939 adults included in the analysis, 57% were between 40 and 59 years old and 21% were male. In multivariate regression models, each additional engagement with personalized dietary recommendations was associated with a 27% higher likelihood of improving diet (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.16–1.39, P &lt; 0.001). Each additional engagement with the meal planner, grocery list, and food ordering was associated, respectively, with a 12% (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02–1.22, &gt;P = 0.01), 15% (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05–1.26, P &lt; 0.001), and 18% (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00–1.38, P = 0.05) higher likelihood of improving diet quality. Conclusions In our prospective study of obese users of a digital precision nutrition platform, we found that more frequent engagement with features related to meal planning and food ordering was associated with diet quality improvement. Funding Sources This study was funded by Foodsmart.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document