scholarly journals Malnutrition Matters: Impact of Nutritional Status on Early Childhood Development in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 688-688
Author(s):  
Manisha Shrestha ◽  
Amy Weissman ◽  
Basant Thapa ◽  
Ramesh Adhikari ◽  
Kelly Perry
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Learning Development

Abstract Objectives Malnutrition is associated with sub-optimal brain development, which adversely affects cognitive development in children. However, limited information exists in Nepal on the effects of various types of malnutrition on early childhood development (ECD). We assessed the association of stunting, wasting and underweight (three prominent forms of malnutrition) with the four domains of the ECD index (literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional and learning development) among children 36 to 59 months of age. Methods This study used a recently published national household survey from Nepal, the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019 dataset. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression was used to identify the association between ECD indicators and stunting, wasting and underweight. The study sample consisted of children aged 3–4 years (n = 2870). Children were considered developmentally on track if they met specific criteria in each of the four ECD domains. Results Results indicated that 43.9% of stunted, 8.2% wasted and 29.6% underweight children did not sufficiently meet ECD index criteria to be considered developmentally on track. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) indicated that children with literacy-numeracy skills (stunting OR 0.53, p < 0.01, CI 0.42 – 0.67; underweight OR 0.61, p < 0.01, CI 0.47 – 0.79) were adequately nourished (stunting OR 0.47, p < 0.01, CI 0.29 – 0.75; underweight OR 0.55, p < 0.01, CI 0.34 – 0.88), and children with adequate learning development were less likely to be stunted or underweight (stunting OR 0.54, p < 0.01, CI 0.40 – 0.74; underweight OR 0.54, p < 0.01, CI 0.39 – 0.75). However, the study demonstrated no significant association between malnutrition and social-emotional development after adjusting for confounding variables. Likewise, no association between the four ECD domains and child wasting was observed after adjusting for socio-economic confounders. Conclusions Children's nutrition status impacts ECD outcomes. For better development outcomes among children, ECD components should be integrated into nutrition programming through capacity building activities of mothers, coupling nutrition messaging with ECD and providing books and tools for early learning. Funding Sources Family Health International (FHI 360).

scholarly journals Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e1003578
Author(s):  
Yaqing Gao ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Ashish Kc ◽  
Yinping Wang ◽  
Siyu Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background The influence of the safety and security of environments on early childhood development (ECD) has been under-explored. Although housing might be linked to ECD by affecting a child’s health and a parent’s ability to provide adequate care, only a few studies have examined this factor. We hypothesized that housing environment is associated with ECD in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods and findings From 92,433 children aged 36 to 59 months who participated in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in 20 SSA countries, 88,271 were tested for cognitive and social–emotional development using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) questionnaire and were thus included in this cross-sectional analysis. Children’s mean age was 47.2 months, and 49.8% were girls. Children were considered developmentally on track in a certain domain if they failed no more than 1 ECDI item in that domain. In each country, we used conditional logistic regression models to estimate the association between improved housing (housing with finished building materials, improved drinking water, improved sanitation facilities, and sufficient living area) and children’s cognitive and social–emotional development, accounting for contextual effects and socioeconomic factors. Estimates from each country were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by the child’s gender, maternal education, and household wealth quintiles. On-track cognitive development was associated with improved housing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p < 0.001), improved drinking water (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.14, p = 0.046), improved sanitation facilities (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.014), and sufficient living area (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.018). On-track social–emotional development was associated with improved housing only in girls (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.25, p = 0.006). The main limitations of this study included the cross-sectional nature of the datasets and the use of the ECDI, which lacks sensitivity to measure ECD outcomes. Conclusions In this study, we observed that improved housing was associated with on-track cognitive development and with on-track social–emotional development in girls. These findings suggest that housing improvement in SSA may be associated not only with benefits for children’s physical health but also with broader aspects of healthy child development.

Inkuiri Studi Islam Anak Usia Dini

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Wulan Fitri Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Inquiry Approach ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
The Republic

Early childhood is children aged 0 - 6 years, where early childhood is the most important period in the formation of the basics of personality, thinking ability, intelligence, skills and social skills, this period requires conditions and stimulation in accordance with children's needs for growth and development is achieved optimally. The aspects of early childhood development according to the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 137 of 2013 include (1) Religious and moral values ​​(2) Motoric (3) Cognitive (4) Language (5) Social - Emotional and (6) ) Art. The first aspect of development that must be developed in early childhood is the aspect of religious and moral values ​​where early childhood is able to know Allah as its creator, the Prophet Muhammad as the messenger of the Islamic religion and Al-Quran as a guide for Islam. Religious values ​​must be instilled in early childhood as the initial foundation for children to live their lives. Islam as rahmatan lil'alamin must be studied in a clear and clear way. Various kinds of approaches are offered in understanding Islam, one of which is the inquiry approach, inquiry invites children to think critically and find their own answers to questions, formulate problems, formulate hypotheses systematically and analytically. It is hoped that they will be able to instill faith and devotion in children from an early age.

scholarly journals Is it possible to improve early childhood development with a video-feedback intervention directed at the mother-father-child triad?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Olhaberry ◽  
María José León ◽  
Catalina Sieverson ◽  
Marta Escobar ◽  
Daniela Iribarren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Video Feedback ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Emotional Development

Relationships with primary caregivers provide the context for early childhood development, and evaluating those relationships during the early years can detect difficulties that may influence future mental health. Video feedback is a valuable intervention tool in early childhood, both for family relationships and child development. An intervention was implemented using this technique, focused on mother-father-child triads that were experiencing difficulties in social-emotional development. Participants were 80 mother-fatherinfant triads (experimental group, EG=40, control group, CG=40), with children between 1 and 3 years old. Socio-emotional difficulties decreased significantly in the children who received the intervention (Wilks λ=0.930, F (1, 78)=5.907; P=.017). There was also an increase in psychomotor development in communication (Wilks λ=0.948, F (1, 78) =4.284; P=.042) and fine motor skills (Wilks λ=0.875, F (1, 78)=11.185; P=.001) in children in the EG compared with children in the CG.

scholarly journals Relationships between Parenting Skills and Early Childhood Development in Rural Households in Western China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingdong Zhong ◽  
Yang He ◽  
Yuting Chen ◽  
Renfu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Western China ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

This paper empirically investigates the relationships between caregivers’ parenting skills and early cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional development of children aged 6–24 months. The study is based on data from a survey conducted in 100 villages in a typical poor rural area in western China. A total of 1715 households were enrolled in the study. In the study, Parent and Family Adjustment Scales (PAFAS), Bayley Scales of Infant Development version III (BSID-III), and a socioeconomic questionnaire were used to measure caregiver’s parenting skills, child’s development outcomes, and socioeconomic characteristics in sample households, respectively. Multivariate regression was used to estimate the relationship between a caregiver’s parenting skills and the child’s development outcomes. The results show that, first, parenting skills are positively and significantly associated with children’s cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional development, and the link between parenting skills and social-emotional development is the strongest; second, the correlation between parenting skills and development outcomes varies across socioeconomic characteristics and parenting skill dimensions. The results provide evidence for the relationship between parenting skills and early childhood development in rural households in western China. Our findings also suggest that interventions aimed at improving caregivers’ parenting skills during the early stages are necessary for human capital development in rural China.

scholarly journals Science Literacy in Early Childhood: Development of Learning Programs in the Classroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Choiriyah ◽  
Ninda Lutfiani ◽  
Alfiah Khoirunisa ◽  
Adam Faturahman ◽  
Efa Ayu Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Science Literacy ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Learning Development

The importance of science literacy in early childhood greatly influences the development of scientific thinking ability. Early childhood is the most critical learning goal that can be done with a student-centered approach to the classroom. This article discusses the needs of science literacy at an early age. Various investigative processes have been carried out by uncovering qualitative methodology. The interview method was conducted to five early childhood teachers. Teknik data analysis using Heurmeutical analysis and Miles and Huberman models. The results showed that early childhood in the application of science literacy as a learning development program in the classroom requires three aspects that need to be considered, namely: attitude, skills, self-competence in children's cognitive ability, and participation in classroom strategies mapped by teachers. While the needs of learning in the classroom are very important to be done as an effort to improve the competence of teachers to the quality of teaching. In the long term, this research has implications in the field of education, namely the development of teacher competencies on the ability to manage science literacy at an early age.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Pemanfaatan Permainan Tradisional Sasak bagi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Ni Made Sulastri
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Data Collection Technique

This study aims to identify the types of traditional Sasak games that are suitable for early childhood and to find out the benefits of traditional Sasak games that are appropriate for early childhood development. The research method used was a survey. This research was conducted in the Ampenan District, Mataram City. This research data collection technique uses field notes, observations, and biographies. Analysis of the data in this study uses descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are identified types of games suitable for early childhood development during the Covid-19 pandemic. Traditional games are usually done with tools and without tools, sometimes also accompanied by singing. The benefits of traditional games are to develop aspects of child development, namely physical-motor, cognitive, language, creativity and social-emotional aspects.

scholarly journals Parenting Knowledge, Parental Investments, and Early Childhood Development in Rural Households in Western China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingdong Zhong ◽  
Yang He ◽  
Jingjing Gao ◽  
Tianyi Wang ◽  
Renfu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Western China ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Parental Investments ◽  
Parenting Knowledge ◽  
Development Outcomes

This paper investigates the relationships between caregivers’ parenting knowledge and early childhood development, based on a survey conducted in 1715 rural households in 100 villages located in an undeveloped rural area of western China. The results find that, first, caregivers’ parenting knowledge is positively and significantly associated with children’s development outcomes, including cognitive, language, motor, and social–emotional development; second, caregivers’ parental investments significantly mediate the link between parenting knowledge and early childhood development; third, in contrast with other parental investments, play materials (in terms of variety and quantity) and play activities in the households are the strongest mediators. Our findings might be informative for policy makers to design policies targeted to foster human capital formation in rural China.

scholarly journals CULTIVATING ENTREPRENEURIAL VALUES TO IMPROVE SEVERAL ASPECTS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE STUDY IN KHALIFAH KINDERGARTEN YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111
Author(s):  
Nurkamelia Mukhtar AH ◽  
Abdul Munip
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooking Classes ◽  
The Impact

The entrepreneurial values such as independent, creativity, risk-taking ability, and responsibility play an important role in directing early childhood development, especially in the aspect of social-emotional, language, and cognitive. Khalifah kindergarten which is based on entrepreneurship, support the life skills development of children with several of excellent programs for example Market Day. This study is intended to know the reason of Khalifah Kindergarten in applying entrepreneurship program, the process and impact of the program on the aspects of early childhood development. The findings of this study are: first, Khalifah Kindergarten wants to achieve its mission in integrating entrepreneurial values in all aspects of early childhood development by introducing them to become Muslims entrepreneur. Second, the process of increasing the entrepreneurial values is implemented through Beyond Centre and Circle Time (BCCT) learning system, entrepreneurship activities such as market day, cooking classes, field trips,  angklung music as an extracurricular activity, and habituation through continuous interviews with the students. Third, the impact of entrepreneurial values can be proved in several aspects of development. In the social-emotional aspect, the children have empathy for others. In the cognitive aspect, the children have creative thinking. In an aspect of linguistic development, they become communicative, and in the physical-motor aspect, the children have the high spirit to produce a work.

scholarly journals Permainan Tradisional sebagai Pengembangan Kecerdasan Emosi Anak

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Lubis ◽  
Khadijah Khadijah
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Group B ◽  
Interesting Learning

Aspects of early childhood development include: Islamic religious education, social-emotional character and independence, language, cognitive, physical-motor and art. Early childhood requires concrete and interesting learning, as RA Al-Kamil and TKIT Nurul 'Ilmi applied traditional games. But not specifically analyzed the emotional development of children. Therefore, this study examined the emotional development of children using traditional games. The study was conducted in RA Al-Kamil and TKIT Nurul ‘Ilmi in first semester of the Academic Year 2018/2019. Subjects in this study are teachers, principals, parents and children of group B. The instruments used were observation forms, interview guidelines and documentation. The research is qualitative. Data analysis techniques used were triangulation and validity. The results showed that (1)traditional games used were against marbles, long clogs, conklak and bakelan; and (2) the emotional development of children develops after the application of traditional games in RA.

scholarly journals Developing instruments for measuring the level of early childhood development

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gunartha ◽  
Tajularipin Sulaiman ◽  
Siti Partini Suardiman ◽  
Badrun Kartowagiran
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Religious Morality

The aims of the study were to: (1) develop a set of instruments to measure the level of early childhood development (kindergarten group B), and (2) assess the quality of the developed instruments. This study is developmental research. The samples of the study were the students of kindergarten group B. The developed instrument was a set of questionnaires. Instrument testing was carried out in three stages with the number of subjects increased on each stage. The validity analysis of the questionnaire used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability estimation of the questionnaire used composite reliability. The results of the study are in the form of instruments for measuring the level of early childhood development, which consists of an instrument to measure religious morality, social-emotional, language, cognitive, and physical-motor development. Based on field study, all instruments have a good fit model, construct validity, and reliability that meet the academic requirements of early childhood education.

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