scholarly journals Forget the Fad Diets: Use of the USDA's MyPlate Plan Is Associated with Better Dietary Intake in Adults over Age 50 (OR14-06-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Vernarelli ◽  
Rebecca DiSarro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Adults over age 50 have different nutritional and metabolic needs than younger adults. During the aging process, metabolism slows, increasing risk for weight gain. Concurrently, as age increases, risk for cardiovascular disease increases. Adults over age 50 may benefit from guidance that provides nutritional guidance that encourages sufficient nutrient intake without caloric excess. Current recommendations in the US Dietary Guidelines for Americans encourage adults to consume a diet low in energy density, and limit intake of solid fats, added sugars and sodium The USDA's MyPlate Plan is available online and provides free, individualized nutrition plans for individuals of all ages, including specific guidelines for adults over age 50. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between use of the online MyPlate Plan and dietary intake in adults >50. Methods Using data from 2014–2016 NHANES, the impact of the MyPlate plan on dietary intake was evaluated in a nationally representative sample of older adults (>50y). During the NHANES, participants were asked to report whether or not they had tried the MyPlate plan. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.4 survey procedures to account for the unequal sampling probability and complex survey design of the NHANES. Results Adults over age 50 who reported using the MyPlate Plan online had diets lower in energy density (1.74 vs 1.95, P = 0.0009), total calories (1846 vs 2105, P < 0.002); reported fewer calories from beverages (128 vs. 234, P = 0.01), fewer added sugars (11 vs. 15 tsp, P = 0.003), and consumed more grains (7 vs 6 servings) and over double the amount of intact fruits, after adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, food security status, education, physical activity and smoking status. Conclusions These findings expand on previous work from our group evaluating the impact of DGA on diet quality. Promotion of the MyPlate plan, particularly among older adults, may be an effective strategy to combat weight gain and risk for hypertension in the US. Funding Sources None. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Dietary Practices Among US Immigrants: Energy Density as a Marker for Acculturation and Diet Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 441-441
Author(s):  
Sofia Pendley ◽  
Melanie Reyes ◽  
Jacqueline Vernarelli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
The Us ◽  
Dietary Energy Density

Abstract Objectives The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) 2020 report indicates a need for examining the association between acculturation, dietary behaviors and disease risk. Dietary energy density (ED, kcal/g) is an established indicator of diet quality and a risk factor for chronic disease. Because ED is calculated using the whole diet, it is culturally relevant for use in a variety of populations. Past research on acculturation and diet indicates a need for more research using indicators that measure diet quality. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between acculturation, dietary intake, and dietary energy density. Methods Dietary data was collected using 24hour-recall in a nationally representative sample of 10 622 adults who participated in the 2013–2016 NHANES. Specific questions about acculturation were asked of participants. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.4 survey procedures to account for the complex survey design of the NHANES. Results A linear relationship between dietary ED and length of time in the US was observed (p-trend &lt; 0.0001). Individuals who were in the US for &lt; 5 years had the lowest dietary ED compared to those who had been in the US for the longest (1.39 vs. 1.84 kcal/g, P &lt; 0.0004) representing ∼450 kcal/day difference after adjusting for relevant cofactors. Despite this difference, there was no difference in the amount of money spent on food compared with length of time in the US. Conclusions This study is consistent with other studies that examine changes in dietary patterns among those who have immigrated to the US. Findings from this study, specifically using ED as an indicator of diet quality, may provide recommendations to developing culturally inclusive efforts to encourage healthy diets. Funding Sources None.

Dietary Vitamin and Stability of Oral Anticoagulation: Proposal of a Diet with Constant Vitamin K1 Content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Jacqueline M Charnley ◽  
James A Sadowski ◽  
Edward Saltzman ◽  
Edwin G Bovill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

SummaryCase reports cited in Medline or Biological Abstracts (1966-1996) were reviewed to evaluate the impact of vitamin K1 dietary intake on the stability of anticoagulant control in patients using coumarin derivatives. Reported nutrient-drug interactions cannot always be explained by the vitamin K1 content of the food items. However, metabolic data indicate that a consistent dietary intake of vitamin K is important to attain a daily equilibrium in vitamin K status. We report a diet that provides a stable intake of vitamin K1, equivalent to the current U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowance, using food composition data derived from high-performance liquid chromatography. Inconsistencies in the published literature indicate that prospective clinical studies should be undertaken to clarify the putative dietary vitamin K1-coumarin interaction. The dietary guidelines reported here may be used in such studies.

scholarly journals The Value of Vaccination in Older Adults: The Why

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
Philip Buck
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases remains high among older adults in the US, despite longstanding immunization recommendations, and is projected to increase as the population ages. The impact of US population aging on the burden of four vaccine-preventable diseases (influenza, pneumococcal disease, shingles, and pertussis) was modeled over a 30-year time horizon, with cumulative direct and indirect costs increasing from $378 billion over 10 years to $1.28 trillion over 30 years. Compared to current levels of vaccination coverage, increasing coverage was predicted to avert over 33 million cases of disease and greater than $96 billion in disease-associated costs, with a corresponding increase in vaccination costs of approximately $83 billion over the entire 30-year time period. Specific examples of cost-effectiveness analyses that assess the epidemiologic and economic impact of vaccination against shingles and pertussis in older adults will be discussed. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Health Behavior Change Interest Group.

scholarly journals The Impact of Function Focused Care From Acute Care to Home Care and Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 629-629
Author(s):  
Silke Metzelthin ◽  
Sandra Zwakhalen ◽  
Barbara Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Functional decline in older adults often lead towards acute or long-term care. In practice, caregivers often focus on completion of care tasks and of prevention of injuries from falls. This task based, safety approach inadvertently results in fewer opportunities for older adults to be actively involved in activities. Further deconditioning and functional decline are common consequences of this inactivity. To prevent or postpone these consequences Function Focused Care (FFC) was developed meaning that caregivers adapt their level of assistance to the capabilities of older adults and stimulate them to do as much as possible by themselves. FFC was first implemented in institutionalized long-term care in the US, but has spread rapidly to other settings (e.g. acute care), target groups (e.g. people with dementia) and countries (e.g. the Netherlands). During this symposium, four presenters from the US and the Netherlands talk about the impact of FFC. The first presentation is about the results of a stepped wedge cluster trial showing a tendency to improve activities of daily living and mobility. The second presentation is about a FFC training program. FFC was feasible to implement in home care and professionals experienced positive changes in knowledge, attitude, skills and support. The next presenter reports about significant improvements regarding time spent in physical activity and a decrease in resistiveness to care in a cluster randomized controlled trial among nursing home residents with dementia. The fourth speaker presents the content and first results of a training program to implement FFC in nursing homes. Nursing Care of Older Adults Interest Group Sponsored Symposium

Nutrition for the Healthy Adult

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijane G. Staniec
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Added Sugars

Many of today’s healthy adults will be plagued by chronic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes, and be robbed of the quality of life they desire. According to the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, about half of all American adults have one or more diet-related chronic diseases. The question, “What should healthy adults eat to stay healthy?” may seem simple. However, many primary care providers feel vulnerable answering questions about nutrition. This review serves as a summary of the most up-to-date guidelines about added sugars, sodium, types of fat, and cholesterol for healthy adults and a refresher for health care providers caring for them. Other important related issues, such as the latest recommendations for physical activity, the problem of adult weight gain, the need for adiposity screening, the powerful role of the primary care provider, and suggestions nutrition-focused primary care, are discussed. This review contains 5 Figures, 5 Tables and 137 references Key words: weight gain, cholesterol, Dietary Guidelines, sugar-sweetened beverages, adiposity, added sugar, hydrogenated oils, physical activity, waist-to-height ratio, nutrition-focused, Primary Care

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE USE OF SYMBIOTICS IN THE PROGRESSION OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN A RAT MODEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane TAGLIARI ◽  
Antonio Carlos CAMPOS ◽  
Thais Andrade COSTA-CASAGRANDE ◽  
Paolo Rogério SALVALAGGIO
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Calorie

ABSTRACT Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by accumulation of intrahepatic lipid. The use of live microorganisms promotes beneficial effects; however, the use of symbiotic and its role in NAFLD is not yet fully understood. Aim: Verify if the symbiotic administration influences the occurrence and progression of NAFLD in rats, after induction of hepatic steatosis by high calorie diet. Method: Forty-five rats were divided into four groups: G1 (control); G2 (control+symbiotic); G3 (high calorie+symbiotic) and G4 (high calorie), and euthanized after 60 days of diet. Liver disease was evaluated by biochemical analysis, IL6 measurement and histological assessment. Results: Symbiotic had influence neither on weight gain, nor on coefficient dietary intake in G3 and G4. G2 had the greatest weight gain, while G1 had the highest coefficient dietary intake between groups. G1 showed higher expression of aspartate aminotransferase than those from G2 (150±35 mg/dl, and 75±5 mg/dl) while G4 showed higher expression of the enzyme compared to G3 (141±9.7 mg/dl to 78±4 mg/dl). Liver histology showed different stages of NAFLD between groups. G4 animals showed increased serum interleukin-6 when compared to G3 (240.58±53.68 mg/dl and 104.0±15.31 mg/dl). Conclusion: Symbiotic can reduce hepatic aminotransferases and interleukin-6 expression. However, the histology showed that the symbiotic was not able to prevent the severity of NAFLD in rats.

scholarly journals Back Pain and Heart Failure in Older Adults: Findings From the Health ABC Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Yiming Zhang ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
Angela Starkweather ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Both back pain and heart failure (HF) have negative influence on all aspects of life. Little is known about the impact of back pain on older adults with HF. We include 1295 older adults who had data collected in the 11th year (2007-2008) of the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study to evaluate the effect of back pain on health status among older adults with and without HF. The participants aged 79-91, 54.8% were female and 34.8% were African American. Among 94 participants with HF, 63 (67.0%) had back pain; among 1201 participants without HF, 649 (54.0%) had back pain. Females reporting back pain had 4.76 (95% CI: 1.83, 12.37) times the odds of having HF compared to those without back pain. Male with back pain, compared to those without back pain, had 1.14 times (95% CI: 0.65, 2.02) the odds of having HF. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Performance and functions were measured by the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies in the Elderly (EPESE) performance score, the Health ABC performance battery score and self-reported difficulty with functional tasks. These symptom and performance measures were significantly associated with both back pain and HF, but not the interaction terms of back pain and HF after adjusting demographic variables including gender, race, smoking status and BMI category. The high incidence and negative impact of back pain highlighted the needs of developing strategies in pain management among older adults with and without HF.

scholarly journals Failing to Plan Is Planning to Fail: Utilization of Advance Care Directives in Older Adults Living With HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
Annie Nguyen ◽  
Anna Egbert ◽  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Stephen Karpiak ◽  
Paul Nash
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
The Us ◽  
Advance Care Directives ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Advance Care Planning (ACP) makes up an integral part of the care continuum, especially for those living with chronic conditions such as HIV. Little research exists to understand how intersections of race, gender, sexuality and gender identity combine to influence the choices made by older adults living with HIV regarding ACP. The Research on Older Adults with HIV (ROAH) 2 study collected data from across the US and investigated the incidence and range of ACP amongst those 50+ living with HIV. Correlational analysis indicated that being White was significantly related to having at least one directive (R=0.070, p=0.035) where being African American correlated negatively with several forms of ACP. Additionally, there were also significant relationships between being Transgender, being gay, and being a woman as to the engagement with ACP options. Further analysis explored the impact of finance, self-rated health and social support networks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Disparities in Adults’ Macronutrient Intake Status: Results from the China Health and Nutrition 2011 Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3044
Author(s):  
Yajie Zhao ◽  
Tetsuya Araki
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Recommended Level

Little is known about the macronutrient intake status of adult Chinese people. This cross-sectional study assessed the macronutrient intake status of adults (aged ≥20 years) by comparing their intake level of macronutrients against the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). It further explored the associations between macronutrient intake status and age groups, genders, education levels, smoking status, drinking frequency, social classes, knowledge of Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2016 (CDGs), healthy diet priorities, and areas (urban and rural) within two regions (northern and southern). The analysis includes the dietary intake data of 7860 Chinese adults, with complete data entries in the China Health and Nutrition 2011 survey. Dietary data were obtained through the 24 h recall method. More than half had carbohydrate intake below the recommended level of intake, and more than half had fat intake above the recommended level of intake. There were significant associations between three macronutrient intakes and education levels, social classes, healthy diet priorities, areas, and regions. Disparities in macronutrient consumptions revealed geographical and socioeconomic variations in dietary patterns, as well as risks for many different noncommunicable diseases. Public health and nutrition interventions should take notice of regional differences in dietary intake and place more emphasis on vulnerable populations including women, rural residents, and people with lower education level.

scholarly journals The Role of Fortified and Enriched Refined Grains in the US Dietary Pattern: A NHANES 2009–2016 Modeling Analysis to Examine Nutrient Adequacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanni Papanikolaou ◽  
Victor L. III Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
The Us

Background: While dietary recommendations call for greater whole-grain intake and reduced refined grain consumption, there are limited peer-reviewed studies examining the influence of fortified/enriched refined grains on nutrient adequacy.Methods: A modeling analysis using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2016 estimated usual daily intake of shortfall nutrients for Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) in the current dietary pattern and when specific percentages of fortified/enriched refined grain foods (bread, ready-to-eat cereals, and all-grained foods) were removed from the diet (19–50-year-old adults, N = 11,169; 51–99-year-old adults, N = 9,641).Results: While American adults are currently falling short of nutrient recommendations, eliminating 25, 50, and 100% of all grains consumed in the US dietary pattern resulted in a greater percentage of adults not meeting recommendations for several shortfall nutrients, including dietary fiber, folate DFE, iron, and magnesium. Removal of all grains led to a reduced energy intake by ~10% in both age groups examined. Currently, ~3.8% of 19–50-year-old adults meet the adequate intake (AI) for dietary fiber. Removal of 25, 50, and 100% of grains from the diet resulted in 2.6 ± 0.3, 1.8 ± 0.2, and 0.7 ± 0.1% of adults exceeded the AI for dietary fiber, respectively. Similarly, 11.0 and 13.8% of younger and older adults, respectively, fall short of folate, DFE recommendations with the current diet. Following the removal of 100% of grains from the diet, 43.4 ± 1.1 and 56.2 ± 1.0%, respectively, were below the estimated average requirement (EAR) for folate DFE. For iron, current dietary pattern consumption shows 8.4% and 0.8% of younger and older adults, respectively, are not meeting iron recommendations, however, removal of 100% of grains from the diet results in nearly 10 and 22% falling short of the EAR. Currently, about 51 and 54% of younger and older adults are below the EAR for magnesium; however, with the removal of 100% of grains, 68 and 73%, respectively, fall below the EAR.Conclusion: Removal of specific refined grains led to an increased percentage of Americans not meeting recommendations for several shortfall nutrients, including dietary fiber, folate, iron, and magnesium.

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