Dietary Vitamin and Stability of Oral Anticoagulation: Proposal of a Diet with Constant Vitamin K1 Content

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Booth ◽  
Jacqueline M Charnley ◽  
James A Sadowski ◽  
Edward Saltzman ◽  
Edwin G Bovill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

SummaryCase reports cited in Medline or Biological Abstracts (1966-1996) were reviewed to evaluate the impact of vitamin K1 dietary intake on the stability of anticoagulant control in patients using coumarin derivatives. Reported nutrient-drug interactions cannot always be explained by the vitamin K1 content of the food items. However, metabolic data indicate that a consistent dietary intake of vitamin K is important to attain a daily equilibrium in vitamin K status. We report a diet that provides a stable intake of vitamin K1, equivalent to the current U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowance, using food composition data derived from high-performance liquid chromatography. Inconsistencies in the published literature indicate that prospective clinical studies should be undertaken to clarify the putative dietary vitamin K1-coumarin interaction. The dietary guidelines reported here may be used in such studies.

Placental Transfer of Vitamin K1 and Its Implications in Fetal Hemostasis

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-043 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Mandelbrot ◽  
M Guillaumont ◽  
M Leclercq ◽  
J J Lefrère ◽  
D Gozin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
Prothrombin Activity ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

SummaryVitamin K status was evaluated using coagulation studies and/ or vitamin IQ assays in a total of 53 normal fetuses and 47 neonates. Second trimester fetal blood samples were obtained for prenatal diagnosis under ultrasound guidance. Endogenous vitamin K1 concentrations (determined by high performance liquid chromatography) were substantially lower than maternal levels. The mean maternal-fetal gradient was 14-fold at mid trimester and 18-fold at birth. Despite low vitamin K levels, descarboxy prothrombin, detected by a staphylocoagulase assay, was elevated in only a single fetus and a single neonate.After maternal oral supplementation with vitamin K1, cord vitamin K1 levels were boosted 30-fold at mid trimester and 60 fold at term, demonstrating placental transfer. However, these levels were substantially lower than corresponding supplemented maternal levels. Despite elevated vitamin K1 concentrations, supplemented fetuses and neonates showed no increase in total or coagulant prothrombin activity. These results suggest that the low prothrombin levels found during intrauterine life are not due to vitamin K deficiency.

scholarly journals Association of dietary vitamin K and risk of coronary heart disease in middle-age adults: the Hordaland Health Study Cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e035953
Author(s):  
Teresa R Haugsgjerd ◽  
Grace M Egeland ◽  
Ottar K Nygård ◽  
Kathrine J Vinknes ◽  
Gerhard Sulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin K2 ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Vitamin K1

ObjectiveThe role of vitamin K in the regulation of vascular calcification is established. However, the association of dietary vitamins K1 and K2 with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is inconclusive.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingWe followed participants in the community-based Hordaland Health Study from 1997 - 1999 through 2009 to evaluate associations between intake of vitamin K and incident (new onset) CHD. Baseline diet was assessed by a past-year food frequency questionnaire. Energy-adjusted residuals of vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 intakes were categorised into quartiles.Participants2987 Norwegian men and women, age 46–49 years.MethodsInformation on incident CHD events was obtained from the nationwide Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) Project. Multivariable Cox regression estimated HRs and 95% CIs with test for linear trends across quartiles. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, total energy intake, physical activity, smoking and education. A third model further adjusted K1 intake for energy-adjusted fibre and folate, while K2 intake was adjusted for energy-adjusted saturated fatty acids and calcium.ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 11 years, we documented 112 incident CHD cases. In the adjusted analyses, there was no association between intake of vitamin K1 and CHD (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.92 (95% CI 0.54 to 1.57), p for trend 0.64), while there was a lower risk of CHD associated with higher intake of energy-adjusted vitamin K2 (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.52 (0.29 to 0.94), p for trend 0.03). Further adjustment for potential dietary confounders did not materially change the association for K1, while the association for K2 was slightly attenuated (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.58 (0.28 to 1.19)).ConclusionsA higher intake of vitamin K2 was associated with lower risk of CHD, while there was no association between intake of vitamin K1 and CHD.Trial registration numberNCT03013725

Effect of microwave, deep frying and oven cooking on destruction of zearalenone in spiked maize oil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E. Sadeghi ◽  
L. Bohlouli Oskoei ◽  
M. Nejatian ◽  
S. Solaimani Mehr
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Deep Frying ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maize Oil

Mycotoxins are one of the most common types of chemical hazards related to edible oils. Although the refining process can remove such contaminations, they may still be present in the final oils due to defects during the refining steps. In addition, most oils produced in local manufactories are not refined and as such may be contaminated with mycotoxins. However, the effect of various cooking methods on the stability of mycotoxins in edible oils has rarely been studied. Hence, this study evaluated the impact of microwave, deep frying and oven cooking on the degradation of spiked zearalenone (50, 100 and 200 μg/l) in maize oil. Measurements were done by high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. The results showed that the majority of treatments, including time-temperature combinations of frying (130-190 °C for 2.5 and 5 min), oven cooking (110-230 °C for 2.5 and 5 min) and exposure time of microwave (2.5, 5 and 10 min) reduced zearalenone levels. Microwave cooking of samples containing 200 μg/l of zearalenone for 10 min showed the highest degradation of the toxin (~ 38%) following first order kinetics. The extent of destruction achieved by frying and oven cooking was also dependent on the initial concentration of zearalenone. These findings can be helpful to evaluate the chemical safety of edible oils or foods prepared by them.

Vitamin K Intake and Sensitivity to Warfarin in Patients Consuming Regular Diets

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (03) ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aharon Lubetsky ◽  
Edit Dekel-Stern ◽  
Angela Chetrit ◽  
Flora Lubin ◽  
Hillel Halkin
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Anticoagulated Patients

SummaryThe effect of dietary vitamin K intake on warfarin sensitivity is known only from case reports and few small clinical studies. We followed 50 patients commencing warfarin and consuming their regular diets (for 8 weeks) to study this relationship. A one-week recall dietary questionnaire was completed at weeks 2 and 8. Daily intake of nutrients and vitamin K was calculated from standard tables. Warfarin sensitivity index (WSI) was defined as final INR/final warfarin dose (mg/day/m2 of body surface area) (week 8). Vitamin K intake was 17-974 (median: 179) μg/day. Median WSI was 0.82 (0.31-4.47). A WSI value of 1.1 significantly separated excess (≥250 μg/day) from normal (<250 μg/day) vitamin K consumers (16/18 vs. 15/32, respectively, p <0.01). The former had lower day 5 INR (median: 1.9 vs. 3.0, p <0.001), needed more warfarin to achieve INR ≥2.0 (32.0 ± 9.2 mg vs. 25.4 ± 6.4 mg, p = 0.009) and required a higher maintenance steady state warfarin dose (5.7 ± 1.7 mg/day vs. 3.5 ± 1.0 mg/day, p <0.001).We conclude that in 32% (16/50) of anticoagulated patients under usual dietary conditions sensitivity to warfarin is decreased by vitamin K intake ≥250 μg/day.

scholarly journals Vitamin E diary dietary intake in premenopausal healthy women and its relationship with the recommended diary dietary intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Luis Manuel Puerto Parejo ◽  
Olga Leal-Hernández ◽  
Ignacio Aliaga ◽  
Raul Roncero-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Study Population

Background: The health benefits arising from the antioxidant vitamin E is well recognized and its recommended dietary intake for the general population have been established. However, there is still a need for assessing antioxidant vitamin intake in different population groups. Objective: To assess intake of antioxidant vitamin E and to identify its major sources in the diets of healthy premenopausal women from Extremadura. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 123 premenopausal women from Spanish population. Antioxidant vitamin dietary intake was assessed by individual 7-day records. Data was analyzed using updated “Spanish Food Composition Tables”. Results: The average daily intake of antioxidant vitamin E was: 2.58±0.85 mg/day.  Dietary vitamin E was around 76.54% lower than that recommended. Diets that were deficient in vitamin E were recorded in the 100% of the interviewed premenopausal women from Extremadura. Conclusions: The average intake of antioxidant vitamin E was not found to be in recommended range, no significant differences were observed between the lowest and the highest intake. They were no differences in the consumption of food products recognized as major sources of vitamin E in the study population. It is therefore necessary to increase the consumption of foods that provide a valuable dietary source for this vitamin. 

Effect of vitamin K intake on the stability of oral anticoagulant treatment: dose-response relationships in healthy subjects

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 2682-2689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon J. Schurgers ◽  
Martin J. Shearer ◽  
Karly Hamulyák ◽  
Elisabeth Stöcklin ◽  
Cees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Treatment

Abstract Oral anticoagulants exert their effect by blocking the utilization of vitamin K, yet little is known about competitive aspects of their interaction with dietary vitamin K. We carried out systematic dose-response studies in healthy volunteers who had been stably anticoagulated and maintained on their individualized doses for 13 weeks. First, we studied the response to weekly incremental doses (50 μg-500 μg) of vitamin K1 supplements (K1) taken daily for 7 days. The threshold K1 dose causing a statistically significant lowering of the INR was 150 μg/day. In 25% of the participants the INR change was regarded as clinically relevant at a vitamin K intake of 150 μg/day. Circulating undercarboxylated osteocalcin did not decrease until 300 μg K1/day compared with 100 μg K1/day for undercarboxylated FII, suggesting differential antidotal effects on bone and hepatic γ-carboxylation. Next, we tested the response to vitamin K-rich food items. The short-lived response after meals of spinach and broccoli suggested an inefficient bioavailability from these 2 sources. We conclude that short-term variability in intake of K1 is less important to fluctuations in the international normalized ratio (INR) than has been commonly assumed and that food supplements providing 100 μg/day of vitamin K1 do not significantly interfere with oral anticoagulant therapy. (Blood. 2004;104:2682-2689)

Relationship between dietary vitamin K intake and the stability of anticoagulation effect in patients taking long-term warfarin

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyun Hee Kim ◽  
Won Suk Choi ◽  
Jang Hoon Lee ◽  
Hyejin Lee ◽  
Dong Heon Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Daily Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
National University ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability

SummaryLittle study has been performed on the effect of vitamin K intake on the variability of warfarin’s anticoagulant effects over long period of time. We estimated average vitamin K intake in the patients taking warfarin and evaluated its relation with the stability of anticoagulation effect. We estimated average daily vitamin K intake based on a three-day food diary in 66 patients taking warfarin regularly for ≥one year and divided them into three groups of equal number according to vitamin K intake. Stability of anticoagulant effect was compared in these groups using the coefficient of variation (CV) of the prothrombin time expressed in international normalised ratio (INR) and the CV of warfarin doses. Median daily vitamin K intake was 161.3 μg/day (31.3 μg/day – 616.6 μg/day). CVs of both INR and warfarin doses were negatively and independently correlated with dietary vitamin K intake (r=-0.293, p=0.017 and r= –0.350, p=0.004, respectively). CV of INR was significantly different among three groups of vitamin K intake (p<0.05 in ANOVA). High vitamin K intake (>195.7 μg/day) group had lower CV of INR than the low intake (<126.5 μg/day) group (19.2 ± 8.96 % vs. 25.5 ± 8.61 %, p<0.05). CV of warfarin doses was also significantly different among the groups (p<0.05 in Jonckheere-Terpstra test). However, the significance of difference between high and low vitamin intake groups was marginal (p=0.046 in Mann-Whitney test). In conclusion, long-term anticoagulation effect of warfarin is more stable in the patients who take greater than a certain amount of dietary vitamin K.Footnote: The content of this paper was submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Medical Science (Kim KH) to the Kyungpook National University.

scholarly journals Effect of food composition on vitamin K absorption in human volunteers

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit L. M. G. Gijsbers ◽  
Kon-Siong G. Jie ◽  
Cees Vermeer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Experimental Group

The human vitamin K requirement is not known precisely, but the minimal requirement is often assumed to be between 0·5 and 1 x 10−6g/kg body weight. In the present study we addressed the question to what extent circulating vitamin K concentrations are influenced by the form in which the vitamer is consumed. The experimental group consisted of five healthy volunteers who received phylloquinone after an overnight fast. On the first day of three successive weeks the participants consumed 1 mg (2·2 µmol) phylloquinone, either in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation (Konakion®), or in the form of spinach + butter, or as spinach without added fat. Circulating phylloquinone levels after spinach with and without butter were substantially lower (7·5- and 24·3-fold respectively) than those after taking the pharmaceutical concentrate. Moreover, the absorption of phylloquinone from the vegetables was 1·5 times slower than from Konakion. In a second experiment in the same five volunteers it was shown that relatively high amounts of menaquinone-4 enter the circulation after the consumption of butter enriched with this vitamer. It is concluded that the bioavailability of membrane-bound phylloquinone is extremely poor and may depend on other food components, notably fat. The bioavailability of dietary vitamin K (phylloquinone+menaquinones) is lower than generally assumed, and depends on the form in which the vitamin is ingested. These new insights may lead to a revision of the recommended daily intake for vitamin K.

scholarly journals Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) intakes and food sources in 18–64-year-old Irish adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Duggan ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Caroline Bolton-Smith ◽  
Máiréad Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
The North

AbstractDietary vitamin K1(phylloquinone) levels that are sufficient to maintain normal blood coagulation may be sub-optimal for bone, and habitual low dietary intakes of vitamin K may have an adverse effect on bone health. The objective of the present study was to measure the intake and adequacy of phylloquinone intake and the contribution of foods to phylloquinone intake in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults. The North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey database was used, which contains data collected using a 7 d food diary in a randomly selected sample of Irish adults aged 18–64 years (n1379; 662 men and 717 women). Phylloquinone intakes were estimated using recently compiled food composition data for phylloquinone. The mean daily intake of phylloquinone from food sources was 79 (sd 44) μg. Intakes were significantly higher (P>0·001) in men than in women at levels of 84 and 75quest;μgsol;d. The main contributors to phylloquinone intakes were vegetables (48%), particularly green vegetables (26%). Potatoes (including chipped and fried potatoes), dairy products and fat spreads contributed 10% each and meat contributed 8%. In men, social class and smoking status influenced phylloquinone intakes. Of the population, 52% had phylloquinone intakes below 1 μg/kg body weight and only 17% of men and 27% of women met the US adequate intakes of 120 and 90 μg/d, respectively. The present study shows that habitual phylloquinone intakes in Irish adults are low, which may have implications for bone health.

scholarly journals Improving the implementation of nutrition guidelines in childcare centres improves child dietary intake: findings of a randomised trial of an implementation intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 607-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Seward ◽  
Luke Wolfenden ◽  
Meghan Finch ◽  
John Wiggers ◽  
Rebecca Wyse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Theoretical Domains Framework ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Implementation Intervention ◽  
Nutrition Guidelines ◽  
Intervention Services ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveEvidence suggests that improvements to the childcare nutrition environment can have a positive impact on child dietary intake. The primary aim of the present study was to assess, relative to usual care, the effectiveness of a multi-strategy implementation intervention in improving childcare compliance with nutrition guidelines. As a secondary aim, the impact on child dietary intake was assessed.DesignParallel-group, randomised controlled trial design. The 6-month intervention was designed to overcome barriers to implementation of the nutrition guidelines that had been identified by applying the theoretical domains framework.SettingHunter New England region, New South Wales, Australia.SubjectsForty-five centre-based childcare services.ResultsThere were no differences between groups in the proportion of services providing food servings (per child) compliant with nutrition guideline recommendations for all five (5/5) food groups at follow-up (i.e. full compliance). Relative to control services, intervention services were more likely to be compliant with guidelines (OR; 95 % CI) in provision of fruit (10·84; 1·19, 551·20;P=0·0024), meat and meat alternatives (8·83; 1·55, –;P=0·023), dairy (8·41; 1·60, 63·62;P=0·006) and discretionary foods (17·83; 2·15, 853·73;P=0·002). Children in intervention services consumed greater servings (adjusted difference; 95 % CI) of fruit (0·41; 0·09, 0·73;P=0·014) and vegetables (0·70; 0·33, 1·08;P&lt;0·001).ConclusionsFindings indicate that service-level changes to menus in line with dietary guidelines can result in improvements to children’s dietary intake. The study provides evidence to advance implementation research in the setting as a means of enhancing child public health nutrition.

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