scholarly journals Fish and Dietary Fish Oil Are Associated with a Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults (P08-024-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhee Choi ◽  
Seoeun Ahn ◽  
Kyungho Ha ◽  
Hyojee Joung
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Several epidemiological studies have examined the association between fish and dietary fish oil intake and metabolic syndrome in a population. However, few studies have investigated fish and dietary fish oil intake and its association with the risk of metabolic syndrome in the Korean population. Methods Using data from the 2013–2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 14,519 adults (6,135 men and 8,384 women) aged ≥ 19 years were involved in this study. Dietary intakes of fish and fish oil including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were estimated by a 24-h dietary recall. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of metabolic syndrome according to the tertile of fish and fish oil intakes were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants was 9.18%. The mean intake (standard error, SE) of fish, EPA and DHA was 123.35 (2.67) g/day, 103.43 (2.48) mg/day and 179.21 (4.75) mg/day for the study participants, respectively. Dietary intakes of fish and fish oil were not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, however, they were associated with the prevalence of several metabolic abnormalities. Men in the highest tertile of energy adjusted DHA intake from fish showed a 20% decreased risk of hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67–0.96, p for trend, 0.0274), compared with those in the lowest tertile. However, Women in the highest tertile of fish intake showed a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.24–2.33) than those in the lowest tertile. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a higher intake of dietary fish oil might be associated with a lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia in Korean men. Thus, further prospective studies are needed to examine the association of fish and fish oil with metabolic syndrome. Funding Sources This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2018R1A2B6007070) and the National Institute of Fisheries Science (R2019051).

scholarly journals Association Between Intake of Antioxidant Vitamins and Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Among Korean Adults (P24-001-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoeun Ahn ◽  
Shinyoung Jun ◽  
Jiae Shin ◽  
Dongwoo Ham ◽  
Eunhee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the association between intake of antioxidant vitamins and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults. Methods Based on the data from the 2013∼2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a total of 10,351 adults aged 19∼64 years were included. Presence of metabolic syndrome was determined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria. Intakes of antioxidant vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E) were estimated by combining a 24-h dietary recall data with an antioxidant vitamin database for common Korean foods. We analyzed through the multiple logistic regression method to assess the association between dietary antioxidant vitamins and metabolic syndrome. Results Men in the highest tertile of vitamin C (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58–0.95, p for trend = 0.0212) and vitamin E (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60–0.96, p for trend = 0.0212) intakes showed a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome than those in the lowest tertiles. Women in the highest intake group of vitamin A had a lower OR for increased waist circumference (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66–0.99, p for trend = 0.0618) than the lowest intake group. The OR for elevated triglycerides was lower among women in the highest tertile of vitamin C compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61–0.93, p for trend = 0.0016). Conclusions These results suggest that the dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins might be associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults. Further prospective research is required to elucidate the association between dietary antioxidants intake and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases. Funding Sources This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(NRF-2018R1A2B6007070). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Depression in Korean Adults (P14-009-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhee Choi ◽  
Kyungho Ha ◽  
Jiae Shin ◽  
Dongwoo Ham ◽  
Hyojee Joung
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Several epidemiological studies have suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have a preventive effect on depression, but these findings are inconsistent. This study was aimed to investigate the association of PUFA intake with depression among Korean adults based on the national survey data. Methods Using data from the 2014–2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 9201 adults (3719 men and 8482 women) aged ≥19 years were involved in this study. Dietary intakes of PUFAs including n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, n-6/n-3 ratio, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were estimated by a 24-h dietary recall. The presence of depression was diagnosed with a validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale. The odds ratios (OR) for the presence of depression according to the quartile of PUFAs intakes were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of depression among the participants was 6.35%.The mean intake of n-3 PUFA was 1.64 g/day for the study participants, which was higher in participants without depression (1.65 g/day) than those with depression (1.43 g/day). A higher intake of n-3 PUFA (both % energy and energy-adjusted intake) was associated with a decreased prevalence of depression (OR of the highest quartile vs lowest quartile of the % E from n-3 PUFA, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44–0.87; P for trend = 0.0241 and OR of the highest quartile vs lowest quartile of energy-adjusted n-3 PUFA, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46–0.86; P for trend = 0.0124). There was no significant sex difference between dietary n-3 PUFA and depression. However, the associations between the intakes of n-6 PUFA, n-6/n-3 ratio, EPA, and DHA and the prevalence of depression were not significant. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a higher intake of dietary n-3 PUFA might be associated with a lower risk of depression in adults of Korean population. Thus, further studies are necessary to elucidate underlying mechanism of n-3 PUFA to prevent depression. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (No. 21B20151213037). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Comparison of Four Methods to Estimate the Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use Among U.S. Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1172-1172
Author(s):  
Shinyoung Jun ◽  
Alexandra E Cowan ◽  
Jaime Gahche ◽  
Janet Tooze ◽  
Kevin Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Method Of Assessment

Abstract Objectives Little is known whether the prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) use among children varies by assessment method as it does among adults. We assessed the prevalence of use of different DS product types among U.S. children using four different combinations of assessment methods constructed from two instruments (i.e., frequency-based questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall (24HR)). Methods DS use information is collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) via a 30-day frequency questionnaire in conjunction with an in-home inventory (Dietary Supplement and Prescription Medicine, DSMQ) and during up to two 24HR. NHANES 2013–2016 data were used to estimate the prevalence of use of any DS and selected types of DS products among 8369 children (≤18y) using four methods constructed from DSMQ and 24HR: 1) DSMQ; 2) 24HR day 1; 3) 24HR day 1 and day 2; and 4) DSMQ and ≥1 24HR. Results About one-third (34.4%) of children took at least one DS in the previous 30 days according to the DSMQ. This decreased to 21.0% when data from only the 24HR day 1 were used, increased to 26.2% when data from both the 24HR day 1 and day 2 were used, and increased further to 37.3% when data from the DSMQ and ≥1 24HR were combined. Similar patterns were found when stratified by age (<1y, 1–3y, 4–8y, 9–13y, and 14–18y). Prevalence of use of specific product types also differed by method of assessment, but the percentages of those using specific products among DS users were similar across methods. The most commonly consumed products were multivitamin-minerals (73.6% to 75.5%, depending on the method). Many of these products contained over 100% of the Daily Value for some vitamins and minerals. Conclusions Prevalence estimates of DS use differed by method among U.S. children, which may be related to the length of the reference period of assessment. Accurately capturing DS users is critical because nutrient intakes from DS can contribute substantially total nutrient intakes. Our findings suggest that using data from both DSMQ and 24HR captures more DS users compared to a single instrument alone. Funding Sources This work was supported through the National Institutes of Health.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of calcium and magnesium and the metabolic syndrome in the National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) 2001–2010 data

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 924-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Moore-Schiltz ◽  
Jeffrey M. Albert ◽  
Mendel E. Singer ◽  
James Swain ◽  
Nora L. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
National Health ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

AbstractHigher dietary intakes of Mg and Ca, individually, have been associated with a decreased risk for the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). Experimental studies suggest that a higher intra-cellular ratio of Ca:Mg, which may be induced by a diet high in Ca and low in Mg, may lead to hypertension and insulin resistance. However, no previous epidemiological studies have examined the effects of the combined intake of Mg and Ca on MetSyn. Thus, we evaluated the association between dietary intakes of Ca and Mg (using 24-h recalls), independently and in combination, and MetSyn in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2001–2010 data, which included 9148 adults (4549 men and 4599 women), with complete information on relevant nutrient, demographic, anthropometric and biomarker variables. We found an inverse association between the highest (>355 mg/d) v. the lowest (<197 mg/d) quartile of Mg and MetSyn (OR 0·70; 95 % CI 0·57, 0·86). Women who met the RDA for both Mg (310–320 mg/d) and Ca (1000–1200 mg/d) had the greatest reduced odds of MetSyn (OR 0·59; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·76). In men, meeting the RDA for Mg (400–420 mg/d) and Ca (1000–1200 mg/d), individually or in combination, was not associated with MetSyn; however, men with intakes in the highest quartile for Mg (≥386 mg/d) and Ca (≥1224 mg/d) had a lower odds of MetSyn (OR 0·74; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·93). Our results suggest that women who meet the RDA for Mg and Ca have a reduced odds of MetSyn but men may require Ca levels higher than the RDA to be protected against MetSyn.

scholarly journals Dietary fish oil reduces glomerular injury and elevated renal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels in the JCR:LA-cp rat, a model of the metabolic syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold M. Aukema ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Faye Borthwick ◽  
Spencer D. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Eicosanoid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Total Fat

We have previously shown nutritional intervention with fish oil (n-3 PUFA) to reduce numerous complications associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the JCR:LA-corpulent (cp) rat. In the present study, we sought to explore the potential role of fish oil to prevent glomerulosclerosis in JCR:LA-cp rats via renal eicosanoid metabolism and lipidomic analysis. Male lean and MetS JCR:LA-cp rats were fed a lipid-balanced diet supplemented with fish oil (5 or 10 % of total fat). After 16 weeks of feeding, albuminuria was significantly reduced in MetS rats supplemented with 5 or 10 % fish oil ( − 53 and − 70 %, respectively, compared with the untreated MetS rats). The 5 % fish oil diet resulted in markedly lower glomerulosclerosis ( − 43 %) in MetS rats and to a lesser extent in those supplemented with 10 % fish oil. Interestingly, untreated MetS rats had higher levels of 11- and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) v. lean rats. Dietary fish oil reduced these levels, as well as other (5-, 9- and 15-) HETE. Whilst genotype did not alter prostanoid levels, fish oil reduced endogenous renal levels of 6-keto PGF1α (PGI2 metabolite), thromboxane B2 (TxB2), PGF2α and PGD2 by approximately 60 % in rats fed 10 % fish oil, and TxB2 ( − 50 %) and PGF2α ( − 41 %) in rats fed 5 % fish oil. In conclusion, dietary fish oil prevented glomerular damage in MetS rats and mitigated the elevation in renal HETE levels. These results suggest a potential role for dietary fish oil to improve dysfunctional renal eicosanoid metabolism associated with kidney damage during conditions of the MetS.

scholarly journals Usual Intake of Resistant Starch by Diabetes Group in US Adults: NHANES 2013–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
Mindy Patterson ◽  
Wesley Tucker ◽  
Crystal Douglas ◽  
Derek Miketinas
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Usual Intake ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Age Category

Abstract Objectives To examine differences in the usual intake of dietary resistant starch (RS) in US adults across diabetes group (no diabetes, prediabetes, diabetes) and age categories (20–39y, 40–59y, ≥60y) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013 – 2018 cycles. Methods RS values from a published database were matched to food codes reportedly consumed by each participant who had one or more reliable 24-hour dietary recall. Demographic (age & sex), laboratory (glycated hemoglobin), diabetes questionnaire, and dietary datasets were included in the analyses. Diabetes group was determined by participant responses to the diabetes questionnaire and glycated hemoglobin (HgA1c) values. Prediabetes and diabetes were defined as having HgA1c values between 5.7% and 6.4% and ≥ 6.5%, respectively. Usual RS intake was calculated using the National Cancer Institute method. RS intake data were adjusted for energy and are presented as mean g ± SEM (99% CI). Independent samples t-tests were used to compare mean intake across sub-populations of interest and P &lt; 0.01 indicates statistical significance. Results 14,640 adults (48.7% male) were included in the analyses. Overall usual RS intake was comparable between males (2.0 ± 0.034 g/1,000 kcal) and females (2.0 ± 0.031 g/1,000 kcal; P = 0.623). RS intake differed among diabetes group within each age category in females (P &lt; 0.001), where RS intake was lowest in the no diabetes group (1.9 ± 0.038 g/1,000 kcal) and greatest in the diabetes group (2.2 ± 0.060 g/1,000 kcal). However, RS intake did not differ in males across diabetes group within each age category. Conclusions Females with diabetes had higher usual intake of RS compared to those with prediabetes and no diabetes across all age categories. However, we did not observe this same finding in males. Overall, males and females consumed similar amounts of RS when adjusting for energy. It is unclear if RS intake differed by sex based on unadjusted, or total, daily energy intake. Future research is needed to understand if greater usual intake of RS in adults with diabetes corresponds to improved glycemic outcomes. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fish oil on cytochrome P450 3A expression in the liver of SHR/NDmcr-cp (cp/cp) rats, an animal model for metabolic syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Yamazaki ◽  
Takashi Ohki ◽  
Hiroki Taguchi ◽  
Asami Yamamoto ◽  
Mari Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Cytochrome P450 3A ◽  
Dietary Fish

scholarly journals Combined Therapy of Dietary Fish Oil and Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Inhibition Prevents the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mark Brown ◽  
Soonkyu Chung ◽  
Janet K. Sawyer ◽  
Chiara Degirolamo ◽  
Heather M. Alger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

Validation of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) Food Frequency Questionnaire for use among Adults in Lebanon

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Karim Khaled ◽  
Vanora Hundley ◽  
Maya Bassil ◽  
Mira Bazzi ◽  
Fotini Tsofliou
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Acceptable Agreement ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Objective: To validate the EPIC food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in Lebanon. Design: Validation of the EPIC FFQ was done against three 24-hour recalls. Unadjusted and energy adjusted correlations, Bland Altman plots, and weighed kappa statistics were used to assess the agreement between the two methods. Setting: Lebanon. Participants: 119 adults (staff and students) at a Lebanese University. Results: Good unadjusted and energy-adjusted correlation coefficients were found between data from the two methods which ranged from −0.002 (vitamin A) to 0.337 (carbohydrates) and were all statistically significant except for vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin A, selenium, and niacin. Slight/fair agreement was reported through weighed kappa estimates for unadjusted data ranging from −0.05 (vitamin C) to 0.248 (magnesium) and for energy-adjusted data ranging from −0.034 (vitamin A) to 0.203 (phosphorus). Individuals were categorised into exact and adjacent quartiles with an average of 78% for unadjusted data and 70% for energy-adjusted data, indicating a very good agreement between the EPIC FFQ and the average of the 24-HRs data. The visual inspection of the Bland-Altman plots revealed an over-estimation of energy, carbohydrates, protein, and fat intakes by the FFQ method. Conclusion: Overall, when all tests were taken into consideration, this study demonstrated an acceptable agreement of the EPIC FFQ with the 24-hour dietary recall method and significantly good correlations between dietary intakes. Therefore, the EPIC FFQ can be considered a valid tool for assessing diet in epidemiological studies among Lebanese adults.

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