scholarly journals Higher-protein Intakes Are Associated with an Improved Dietary Micronutrient Profile (FS03-06-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Gwin ◽  
J Philip Karl ◽  
Laura Lutz ◽  
Erin Gaffney-Stromberg ◽  
James McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Army Medical Research ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Military

Abstract Objectives The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 indicate that potassium, choline, magnesium, calcium, vitamins A, D, E, and C are underconsumed (i.e., shortfall) micronutrients. Intakes of specific performance-related micronutrients (i.e., calcium, magnesium, folate, choline, iron, zinc, and vitamins A, D, E, B1, B2, B3, and B12), may also be a concern, as suboptimal intakes may limit adaptations to unaccustomed physical training, such as initial military training (IMT). Protein-containing foods are nutrient-dense; therefore, dietary protein intake may alter the amount of shortfall and performance-related micronutrients habitually consumed. This study explored associations between dietary protein (PRO) intake and shortfall or performance-related micronutrient intakes at IMT accession. Methods A 3-month food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate habitual dietary intake in male (n = 276, age: Mean (SD), 21.1 (3.8)) and female (n = 254, age: 21.2 (3.7)) recruits. Multivariate-adjusted MANCOVA and ANCOVA models were used to identify associations between quartiles of PRO intake and shortfall micronutrients or performance-related micronutrients. Models were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, race, physical activity, energy density, and total energy intake. Results Mean (SE) energy-adjusted PRO intakes were 29.3 (3.2), 36.0 (1.4), 40.8 (1.3), and 47.7 (3.9) g/1000 kcal for quartiles 1–4, respectively. Composite shortfall micronutrient intake differed (P < 0.001) by PRO quartile, as intake of each micronutrient, except vitamin C, progressively increased (all, P < 0.05) with increasing PRO quartiles. Similarly, composite (P < 0.001), and most individual (all, P < 0.05) performance-related micronutrient intakes, except calcium, were different across PRO quartiles. Calcium intake only differed for PRO quartile 1 and was lower than all other quartiles (P < 0.00). Conclusions These cross-sectional data suggest that habitually consuming more protein is associated with greater intakes of shortfall and performance-related micronutrients in young healthy adults entering the military. Funding Sources Supported by US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command; authors’ views not official US Army or DoD policy.

scholarly journals Pruebas de ingreso como predictores del rendimiento académico en los aspirantes a soldados del Ejército

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Germán Geovanny Muñoz Gualán ◽  
Efrain Eduardo Zambrano Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Training School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Military Career ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The University ◽  
The Military ◽  
Physical Preparation

The academic performance of the aspiring soldier is the set of indicators of academic subjects, physical preparation and military attitude that he presents within the military training institute, since the product that is intended to be delivered to the Army and society is a disciplined and prepared individual academically, militarily and physically, according to the standards established in the Military Education Model of the Armed Forces and the career plan in military sciences of the University of the Armed Forces - ESPE. In addition, it is necessary to complement this training by instilling the conviction of pursuing a professional and ethical military career. Thus, the proposed objective was to establish the results of the entrance tests that predict the academic performance of aspiring second-year military soldiers, 2018-2020 class, of the Ecuadorian Army Soldiers Training School “Vencedores del Cenepa”. Therefore, this research presents a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and a correlational scope. The averages of the entrance and academic performance tests were used for academic periods and annual cut-off of each aspiring soldier, from the file and database of the Soldiers Training School "Vencedores del Cenepa", for their tabulation in a matrix of Excel predesigned and the subsequent statistical analysis in the SPSS program. Thus, a moderate significant correlation is observed between academic and physical entrance tests with academic performance, a low correlation with the military attitude of would-be soldiers, and no correlation with student desertion. In addition, the entrance tests that moderately predict academic performance and poorly predict military attitudes of would-be soldiers are the academic and physical entrance tests.

Study on the Adoption of Competence as a Purpose of the Training of Forces

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-345
Author(s):  
Benoni Sfârlog ◽  
Ștefania Bumbuc ◽  
Constantin Grigoraș
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Military

AbstractIn recent decades, a new paradigm marks the conceptual transformation through which competencies take the place of objectives in education, in general and in training and professional development, in particular. It becomes necessary and useful to analyze the necessity, possibility and opportunity of focusing the instruction on competences. Thus they acquire, in an integrative way, the triple state of a referential system for quality and performance in the military actions, of the objective of the instructive-formative process, and of the result of learning.

MODEL KUANTITATIF MANAJEMEN STRES KERJA DAN MOTIVASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PETUGAS REKAM MEDIS DI RS ORTOPEDI PROF. DR. R. SOEHARSO SURAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Laili Rahmatul Ilmi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Performance ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Management Work

Background: Workload may indirectly cause stress. The ability to manage work stress may affect staff’s motivation and performance. The staff performance will affect decision-making in improving the service quality. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between stress management, work motivation and work performance. Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. A sample of 19 medical record staff, working at Prof. Dr. R Soeharso orthopedic hospital Surakarta, were selected for this study. A set of questionnaires were developed and administered to measure stress management, work motivation and work performance. Data were then analyzed with a bivariate correlation analysis. Results: There were statistically significant correlations between work stress management, work motivation and work performance. The ability to manage stress positively increased the motivation (r= 0,56; p= 0,013), as well as the work performance (r= 0,49; p= 0,036). Moreover, a higher motivation will lead to a higher performance (r= 0,42; p= 0,071). Conclusion: There were positive relationships between work stress management, work motivation and work performance. Key words: work stress management, motivation, performance.

Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwar ◽  
Sara Khalid ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽  
Shahid Imran
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Protein on Protein Metabolism and Performance in Endurance-trained Males

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC WILLIAMSON ◽  
HIROYUKI KATO ◽  
KIMBERLY A. VOLTERMAN ◽  
KATSUYA SUZUKI ◽  
DANIEL R. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
And Performance

Nutrition and packaging characteristics of toddler foods and milks in Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jennifer R McCann ◽  
Georgina C Russell ◽  
Karen J Campbell ◽  
Julie L Woods
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Retail Food Environment ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Sugar Levels

Abstract Objective: To analyse nutritional and packaging characteristics of toddler-specific foods and milks in the Australian retail food environment to identify how such products fit within the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) and the NOVA classification. Design: Cross-sectional retail audit of toddler foods and milks. On-pack product attributes were recorded. Products were categorised as (1) food or milk; (2) snack food or meal and (3) snacks sub-categorised depending on main ingredients. Products were classified as a discretionary or core food as per the ADG and level of processing according to NOVA classification. Setting: Supermarkets and pharmacies in Australia. Results: A total of 154 foods and thirty-two milks were identified. Eighty percentage of foods were snacks, and 60 % of foods were classified as core foods, while 85 % were ultraprocessed (UP). Per 100 g, discretionary foods provided significantly more energy, protein, total and saturated fat, carbohydrate, total sugar and Na (P < 0·001) than core foods. Total sugars were significantly higher (P < 0·001) and Na significantly lower (P < 0·001) in minimally processed foods than in UP foods. All toddler milks (n 32) were found to have higher energy, carbohydrate and total sugar levels than full-fat cow’s milk per 100 ml. Claims and messages were present on 99 % of foods and all milks. Conclusions: The majority of toddler foods available in Australia are UP snack foods and do not align with the ADG. Toddler milks, despite being UP, do align with the ADG. A strengthened regulatory approach may address this issue.

Fish Price Determination Around Lake Victoria, Tanzania: Analysis of Factors Affecting Fish Landing Price

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-363
Author(s):  
Damian Boniface Sambuo ◽  
Stephen Kirama ◽  
Kitala Malamsha
Keyword(s):  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Fishery Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance

Determination of fish landing price is important, as the same contributes to the structure, conduct and performance of the fish market in Lake Victoria. Determination of relevant landing price is a gap to console between fishermen, agents (middlemen), processors and the government. The main objective of this study was therefore to examine fish price determination. Specifically, to examine the methods for fish price determination and analyse factors that affect fish landing price in Lake Victoria, a cross-sectional design was employed, and 300 respondents were randomly selected from two district councils, namely, Sengerema and Buchosa. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Findings show that landing price is determined through formal negotiation with processors, consultation with other traders, informal negotiation with buyers and Beach Management Unit (BMU). The study concluded that these are the common methods used to determine landing prices. Also, distance from fishing to onshore landing centres, market information channels, age and experiences of the fishermen are the factors significantly found affecting landing price. It is recommended that the mechanism for setting up fishery price, fish market structure, fishery information and the formation of fishery regulatory body needs fishery policy and sector reforms that mark the determination of fish landing price.

Activities and risk factors associated with fall-related injuries among US Army soldiers

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001564
Author(s):  
Raina D Brooks ◽  
T Grier ◽  
B H Jones ◽  
M C Chervak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Army Soldiers

IntroductionFalls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsPrimary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.

Otolaryngologist Performance in the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System in 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110328
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Miller ◽  
Neil S. Kondamuri ◽  
Roy Xiao ◽  
Vinay K. Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Incentive Payment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicare Data ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Value Based Care ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Median Change ◽  
Payment Models

In 2017, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services transitioned clinicians to the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), the largest mandatory pay-for-performance program in health care history. The first full MIPS program year was 2018, during which the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services raised participation requirements and performance thresholds. Using publicly available Medicare data, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of otolaryngologist participation and performance in the MIPS in 2017 and 2018. In 2018, otolaryngologists reporting as individuals were less likely ( P < .001) to earn positive payment adjustments (n = 1076/1584, 67.9%) than those participating as groups (n = 2802/2804, 99.9%) or in alternative payment models (n = 1705/1705, 100.0%). Approximately one-third (n = 1286/4472, 28.8%) of otolaryngologists changed reporting affiliations between 2017 and 2018. Otolaryngologists who transitioned from reporting as individuals to participating in alternative payment models (n = 137, 3.1%) achieved the greatest performance score improvements (median change, +23.4 points; interquartile range, 12.0-65.5). These findings have important implications for solo and independent otolaryngology practices in the era of value-based care.

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