scholarly journals Analysis of the Infection Status of Healthcare Workers in Wuhan During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 2109-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Zheng ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Chongchong Zhou ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
General Information ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Substantial Risk

Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) at the frontline are facing a substantial risk of infection during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods We acquired information and data on general information on and infection and death status of HCWs in Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak and completed statistical analyses. Results We obtained the data on 2457 infected cases among HCWs in Wuhan, China. More than half of the infected individuals were nurses (52.06%), whereas 33.62% of infected cases were doctors and 14.33% of cases were medical staff. In particular, the case infection rate of nurses (2.22%) was remarkably higher than that of doctors (1.92%). Most infected cases among HCWs were female (72.28%). A majority of the infected HCWs (89.26%) came from general hospitals, followed by specialized hospitals (5.70%) and community hospitals (5.05%). The case infection rate of HCWs (2.10%) was dramatically higher than that of non-HCWs (0.43%). The case fatality rate of HCWs (0.69%) was significantly lower than that of non-HCWs (5.30%). Conclusions The infection risk of HCWs is clearly higher than that of non-HCWs. HCWs play an essential role in fighting the pandemic. The analysis of the infection status of HCWs is essential to attract enough attention from the public, provide effective suggestions for government agencies, and improve protective measures for HCWs.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Protective Face Masks among Polish Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: Do We Pass the Exam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Radomir Reszke ◽  
Łukasz Matusiak ◽  
Piotr K. Krajewski ◽  
Marta Szepietowska ◽  
Rafał Białynicki-Birula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Organization

Relevant personal protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic include face masks, possibly decreasing the risk of infection among the general population and healthcare workers (HCW) if utilized properly. The aim of the study was to assess whether different Polish HCW utilize face masks according to the 2020 World Health Organization guidance (WHO) criteria. This cross-sectional study included 1156 respondents who participated in an internet survey evaluating mask-related behaviors. All the WHO criteria were complied with by 1.4% of participants, regardless of medical profession, specialty or place of employment. HCW mostly adhered to criterion 1 (C1; strict covering of the face and mouth with the mask; 90.8%), C4 (washing/disinfecting the hands after touching/taking off the mask; 49%) and C3 (taking off the mask properly without touching the anterior surface; 43.4%), whereas C2 (avoidance of touching the mask with hands) was complied with least commonly (6.8%). HCW with mask-induced itch (31.6%) complied to C2 less often (odds ratio 0.53; p = 0.01). The study reveals that Polish HCW rarely adhere to all the 2020 WHO guidance criteria on the use of masks, whereas the adherence to particular criteria is variable and may be associated with the presence of skin-related conditions and other factors. Better compliance with the recommendations in the future is necessary to increase personal safety of HCW and prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals The Impact of Information Sources on COVID-19-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) among University Students: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12462
Author(s):  
Israa Baker ◽  
Nizar Marzouqa ◽  
Bashar Nafe’ Yaghi ◽  
Samer Osama Adawi ◽  
Shahd Yousef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

COVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus accompanied by a tsunami of misinformation and fake news. This can weaken the public health responses by affecting the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the public. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was designed during the early stage of the pandemic to evaluate the KAP of Palestinian university students and their commonly used information sources. We found that the most trusted information source among students was the World Health Organization (WHO), followed by the Palestinian Ministry of Health (MoH) briefings and healthcare workers, whereas social media was the most frequently used source of information. The participants exhibited a high level of COVID-19-related knowledge, having an average score of 8.65 (range: 0–10). In total, 76% avoided going to crowded places, and only 33% wore a mask while being outdoors. The vast majority (93%) checked the accuracy of COVID-19-related information before publishing it, 56% used the WHO and MoH briefings for fact-checking, and only 8% relied on healthcare workers. This was particularly the case for those who lived in refugee camps. This study provides an insight into the information sources used by Palestinian university students, the sources they trust, and the information formats they prefer. These results may help public health authorities to locate the information sources through which university students should be targeted. Efforts should be made to recommend healthcare workers as credible information sources. In this way, they will be able to prevent the spread of misleading information and provide high-quality information, especially within unconventional settings such as refugee camps.

scholarly journals Healthcare workers high COVID-19 infection rate: the source of infections and potential for respirators and surgical masks to reduce occupational infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta-Maria A. H. Oksanen ◽  
Enni Sanmark ◽  
Sampo Oksanen ◽  
Veli-Jukka Anttila ◽  
Jussi J. Paterno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Occupational Infections

Objective: To analyse the work-related exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and trace the source of COVID-19 infections in tertiary hospitals healthcare workers in light of the used PPE and their ability to maintain social distances and follow governmental restrictions. Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Tertiary hospitals in Uusimaa region, Finland Participants: Of 1072 enrolled, 866 HCWs (588 nurses, 170 doctors and 108 laboratory and medical imaging nurses) from the Helsinki University Hospital completed the questionnaire by July 15th, 2020. The average age of participants was 42.4 years and 772 (89.0%) were women. The participants answered a detailed questionnaire of their PPE usage, ability to follow safety restrictions, exposure to COVID-19, the source of potential COVID-19 infection and both mental and physical symptoms during the first wave of COVID-19 in Finland. Main outcome measures: All participants with COVID-19 symptoms were tested with either RT-PCR or antibody tests. The infections were traced and categorised based on the location and source of infection. The possibility to maintain social distance and PPE usage during exposure were analyzed. Results: Of the HCWs that participated, 41 (4.7%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, marking a substantially higher infection rate than that of the general population (0.3%); 22 (53.6%) of infections were confirmed or likely occupational, including 7 (31.8%) from colleagues. Additionally, 5 (26.3%) of other infections were from colleagues outside the working facilities. 14 (63.6%) of occupational infections occurred while using a surgical mask. No occupational infections were found while using an FFP2/3 respirator and aerosol precautions while treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: While treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients, HCWs should wear an FFP2/3 respirator and recommended PPE. Maintaining safety distances in the workplace and controlling infections between HCWs should be priorities to ensure safe working conditions.

scholarly journals Knowledge, perceptions and safety practices of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers in a tertiary health institution, Southwest, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4697
Author(s):  
Abdul Mumin K. Ahmed ◽  
Omobola Y. Ojo ◽  
Gloria B. Imhonopi ◽  
Funmilayo O. Oladeji ◽  
Olurotimi A. Oyesola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Government

Background: Globally, COVID-19 is a topic of concern among the populace and especially with the health care workers. Recent report by NCDC showed that globally as at August 2020, the world had witnessed 17,396,943 cases with 675,060 deaths presenting a case fatality rate of 3.89%. This study assessed the knowledge, perception and safety practices of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers.Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. 410 participants drawn across most units in the hospital. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 20. Responses were summarized using percentages, and frequencies. Test of association done using chi-square, and level of significance set at 5% (p<0.05).Results: This study found mean population 39.23±9.87 years with modal of 30-39years. All 410 (100.0%) respondents heard about COVID-19 pandemic but further knowledge rating showed 347 (84.6%) had good knowledge. Perception was high at all thematic areas, 275 (67.1%) affirmed that COVID-19 infection was fatal. About 273 (66.6%) strongly agreed that PPE must be worn, similarly, 299 (72.9%) strongly agreed that use of facemask was important for infection prevention strategy. However, observational checklist gave varied opinion on availability and use of PPEs.Conclusions: This study identified a significant gap in information source, knowledge levels especially among lower cadre staff, discrepancies in perceptions of COVID-19 and unavailability of PPEs. There is a need by the government and hospitals management to ensure regular training of all cadres of staff and regular provision of PPEs for the healthcare workers.

scholarly journals Effect of Professional and Extra-Professional Exposure on Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Healthcare Workers of the French Alps: A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Virginie Vitrat ◽  
Alexis Maillard ◽  
Alain Raybaud ◽  
Chloé Wackenheim ◽  
Bruno Chanzy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Professional Exposure

We aimed to report SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence after the first wave of the pandemic among healthcare workers, and to explore factors associated with an increased infection rate. We conducted a multicentric cross-sectional survey from 27 June to 31 September 2020. For this survey, we enrolled 3454 voluntary healthcare workers across four participating hospitals, of which 83.4% were female, with a median age of 40.6 years old (31.8–50.3). We serologically screened the employees for SARS-CoV-2, estimated the prevalence of infection, and conducted binomial logistic regression with random effect on participating hospitals to investigate associations. We estimated the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at 5.0% (95 CI, 4.3%–5.8%). We found the lowest prevalence in health professional management support (4.3%) staff. Infections were more frequent in young professionals below 30 years old (aOR = 1.59, (95 CI, 1.06–2.37)), including paramedical students and residents (aOR = 3.38, (95 CI, 1.62–7.05)). In this group, SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was up 16.9%. The location of work and patient-facing role were not associated with increased infections. Employees reporting contacts with COVID-19 patients without adequate protective equipment had a higher rate of infection (aOR = 1.66, (95 CI, 1.12–2.44)). Aerosol-generating tasks were associated with a ~1.7-fold rate of infection, regardless of the uptake of FFP2. Those exposed to clusters of infected colleagues (aOR = 1.77, (95 CI, 1.24–2.53)) or intra-familial COVID-19 relatives (aOR = 2.09, (95 CI, 1.15–3.80)) also had a higher likelihood of infection. This report highlights that a sustained availability of personal protective equipment limits the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate to what is measured in the general population. It also pinpoints the need for dedicated hygiene training among young professionals, justifies the systematic eviction of infected personnel, and stresses the need for interventions to increase vaccination coverage among any healthcare workers.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Social Media Activity and Engagement of a Health NGO with the Outcome of Fundraising Efforts During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Aneesa Abdul Rashid ◽  
Mohamad Imran Idris ◽  
Nurul Syeefa Zulkiflee ◽  
Ahmad Yusuf Yahaya ◽  
Prishalini Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Associations

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic saw the involvement of many health non-governmental organisations (NGO) with volunteering work to help reduce the burden of healthcare workers (HCW). IMAM Response and Relief Team (IMARET) is one which is a chapter under the Islamic Medical Association of Malaysia (IMAM); which is also under the umbrella of the Federations of Islamic Medical Associations (FIMA). IMARET often aids HCWs during natural and manmade disasters to help reduce their burden during challenging times by providing manpower, equipment, and logistical assistance. IMARET utilizes social media (SM) for spreading information on their activities to the public, like the COVID-19 fundraising efforts. The objective of this research is to determine the correlation between their Facebook activities and fundraising outcome. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study of Facebook posts and its engagement with Billplz, an online payment platform focused during the initial COVID-19 fundraising effort. Results and Discussion: During the study period, we report 346 Facebook posts with a median (IQR) of 8.00 (6.00,9.00) posts per day. As many as 4,823 donations, median (IQR) at RM34.50(18.75,86.00) was received per day. RM3425,50 (USD 830.52) (1369.00, 8376.25) was collected per day. ‘Organic Likes’ correlated significantly with the number of donations (r=0.419,p=0.006) and amount received (r=0.355,p=0.021). Both ‘Post Reach’ and ‘Shares’ significantly correlated with the number of donations (r=0.405,p=0.008)(r=0.515,p<0.01)and amount received (r=0.373,p=0.015) (r=0.453,p=0.003) respectively. Conclusion: The number of likes, reach and shares significantly correlated with the number and amount of donations received during the initial phase of the IMARET COVID-19 fundraising effort Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.148-154 

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related To Middle East Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus among Residents of Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) originated in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and the number of cases and deaths is continuing to rise. The epidemiology of MERS-CoV has been thoroughly analyzed, but there are few reports on the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of healthcare workers towards the infection in Riyadh. The objective of this research was to assess the KAP of the general public towards MERS-CoV. This cross-sectional study involved 309 participants in Riyadh. The overall mean scores for knowledge was 3.43 (SD: 0.54), for attitude against prevention was 3.0 (SD: 0.67), and for practices was 3.7 (SD: 0.72), indicating good KP and satisfactory A. Scores only differed by nationality (P <0.001) (age, education, income and gender were non-significant). We recommend various strategies to keep the public updated about the current situation, and about advances in prevention and treatment. Further multi-regions studies with large sample size are needed to build upon the findings of current study.

scholarly journals Perceptions of healthcare workers in high-risk areas of a Singapore hospital during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PSA Au-Yong ◽  
WM Peh ◽  
FHX Koh ◽  
LM Teo ◽  
SP Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Precautionary Measures

Introduction: There is worldwide concern over the psycho-emotional impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to elicit HCWs’ perceptions of the adequacy of protective measures in high-risk clinical areas and the factors associated with these perceptions. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in April 2020. An anonymous electronic survey was sent via email to operating theatre (OT) and intensive care unit (ICU) staff of Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore. Results: Of the 358 eligible participants, 292 (81.6%) responded to the survey. 93.2% of the participants felt that precautionary measures at work were sufficient and 94.9% acknowledged that adequate training was provided. More than 60% of the participants opined that their chances of contracting COVID-19 were moderate to high. Female gender, nursing occupation and duration of service < 10 years were significantly associated with increased fear of contracting COVID-19, less control over occupational exposure and lower perceived need to care for COVID-19 patients. Having young children at home did not significantly affect these perceptions. The most important ICU precautions were availability of personal protective equipment outside the rooms of COVID-19 positive patients (95.3%) and having visitor restrictions (95.3%). The most important OT measures were having a dedicated OT for COVID-19 positive patients (91.2%) and having simulation as part of protocol familiarisation (91.7%). Conclusion: Overall, there was high confidence in the adequacy of COVID-19 protective measures to prevent healthcare transmission in Singapore. The pandemic had a lower degree of psycho-emotional impact on HCWs here as compared to other countries.

CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽  
Patrícia Molz ◽  
Camila Schreiner Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Private School ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

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