IgG2 subclass deficiency: IgG subclass assays and IgG2 concentrations among 8015 blood donors.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1407-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
J V Madassery ◽  
O H Kwon ◽  
S Y Lee ◽  
M H Nahm
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigens ◽  
Igg1 Subclass ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Among the four IgG subclasses in humans, IgG2 is preferentially expressed in antibodies to carbohydrate antigens whereas IgG1 subclass is commonly associated with antibodies to protein antigens. Because of this association with carbohydrate antigens, values for IgG2 in serum are often used as an index of immunocompetence against carbohydrate antigens. To investigate the value of IgG2 measurements in a general population, we have developed a convenient IgG subclass assay, using monoclonal antibodies and particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay. Our assay is specific, precise, convenient, and accurate. When IgG2 concentrations were determined in the serum samples from 8015 adult blood donors, there were more individuals with low IgG2 concentrations than predicted by the log-normal distribution. The observed distribution suggested the presence of a subpopulation with low IgG2 concentration. Because apparently healthy individuals in a general population have low IgG2 concentrations, IgG2 measurements alone may have a limited clinical usefulness as an index of immune function against carbohydrate antigens.

Immunoglobulin G Subclass Analysis in Psoriatic Arthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2421-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Haddad ◽  
Arane Thavaneswaran ◽  
Fatima Abji ◽  
Fawnda Pellett ◽  
Vinod Chandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Specific Disease ◽  
Discrete Band ◽  
Igg1 Subclass

Objective.The occurrence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is common in chronic immune mediated disorders. This increased monoclonal antibody production could result from chronic stimulation of lymphocytes, with the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subtype accounting for the majority of cases in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We aimed to identify IgG subclass profiles in patients with PsA and to determine association with specific disease characteristics.Methods.Serum samples from 221 patients with PsA from a single cohort were analyzed for their serum IgG subclass levels. All patients fulfilled the ClASsification for Psoriatic ARthritis (CASPAR) criteria and were followed at 6-month to 12-month intervals according to a standard protocol. MGUS was defined as the occurrence of a discrete band in the gammaglobulin region on at least 2 separate serum protein electrophoresis tests performed 6 months apart. Patients with high abnormal IgG subclass levels were compared to patients with normal levels using descriptive tests.Results.Elevations of IgG1-4 were common in PsA, with ∼20%–49% of patients having elevations of each subclass, IgG2 being the most common subclass abnormality. However, no clinical-serological correlation was found in the group with abnormal IgG2 levels. Of the 38 patients with MGUS, elevations in IgG1 were most common. Patients with an abnormal IgG1 subclass level were more likely to have a discrete band in the gammaglobulin region, higher prevalence of MGUS, and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein levels.Conclusion.Determination of the IgG subclass concentration in PsA did not seem to add any significant value in identifying specific disease manifestations. However, this study provides insight into the pathological process leading to MGUS in PsA.

scholarly journals Cysticercus antibodies and antigens in serum from blood donors from Pondicherry, India

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra Parija ◽  
N. Balamurungan ◽  
Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu ◽  
S.P. Subbaiah
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the present study was to screen the serum of blood donors, which are apparently healthy and residing in Pondicherry or its neighboring districts of Tamil Nadu State, for specific detection of Cysticercus antigens and antibodies. A total of 216 blood samples were collected from blood donors at the Central Blood Bank, JIPMER Hospital, Pondicherry, India during January and February 2004. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to demonstrate anti-Cysticercus antibodies and the Co-agglutination (CoA) was used to detect antigen in sera. 14 (6.48 %) males were positive for either anti-Cysticercus antibodies or antigens. Of these eight sera were positive for anti-Cysticercus antibodies and six were positive for antigens. Results of the present study show that serum Cysticercus antigen detection may be a useful adjunct to antibody testing for seroprevalence studies of cysticercosis in the community. The present study is the first kind of study, carried out to determine both cysticercal antibodies as well as antigens in the serum samples collected from the healthy blood donors.

Epidemiological and clinical features of HEV infection: a survey in the district of Foggia (Apulia, Southern Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. SCOTTO ◽  
D. MARTINELLI ◽  
M. CENTRA ◽  
M. QUERQUES ◽  
F. VITTORIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Low Prevalence

SUMMARYIn this study we assessed the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in both the Italian population and immigrants from developing countries in Foggia (Apulia, Southern Italy). The seroprevalence of HEV was determined in 1217 subjects [412 (34%) immigrants and 805 Italian subjects (blood donors, general population, HIV-positive, haemodialysis patients)]. Serum samples were tested for anti-HEV and confirmed by Western blot assay; in positive patients HEV RNA and genotype were also determined. There were 8·8% of patients that were positive to anti-HEV, confirmed by Western blot. The prevalence in immigrants was 19·7%, and in Italians 3·9% (blood donors 1·3%, general population 2·7%, HIV-positive patients 2·0%, haemodialysis patients 9·6%). Anti-HEV IgM was found in 38/107 (35·5%) of the anti-HEV-positive serum samples (34 immigrants, four Italians). This study indicates a higher circulation of HEV in immigrants and Italian haemodialysis patients, whereas a low prevalence of HEV antibodies was seen in the remaining Italian population.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of markers of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors at a tertiary care hospital blood bank: a 5 year retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2976
Author(s):  
Irm Yasmeen ◽  
Supinder Kour ◽  
Imran Khurshid ◽  
Aasifa Malik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Apparently Healthy

 Background: Transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) can be caused by various microorganisms present in the blood of apparently healthy donors. The recipient may get infected after being transfused with the unsafe blood. It is mandatory to screen the blood for HIV 1 and 2, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria. This study was undertaken to investigate the seroprevalance of Transfusion transmitted infections among blood donors at our tertiary care centre and to compare our study with other studies conducted at different hospitals of the country as well as outside.Methods: A retrospective review of blood donor records was made over a period of 5 years with effect from January 2014 to December 2018 at blood bank, department of Blood Transfusion and Immunohaematology, SKIMS, Soura, Srinagar. Both voluntary and replacement blood donors were selected after taking proper history and examination were included in the study. Serum samples were screened for HIV 1 & 2, HBV (HBsAg) and HCV using ELISA with 3rd generation kits.Results: A total of 56325 blood donors were screened. Out of total 55346 (98.2%) were males and 979 (1.73%) were females. Among them 38969 (69.1%) were replacement donors and 17356 (30.8%) were voluntary donors. The seroprevalance of HBV (HBsAg), HCV and HIV 1and 2 was 0.24%, 0.17% and 0.01% respectively and overall seroprevalance of TTIs was 0.43%.Conclusions: Continuous improvement and implementation of newer techniques like NAT and chemilumenescence for testing of blood for TTIs will reduce the risk of acquiring these infections.lance

scholarly journals A Universal Model for the Log-Normal Distribution of Elasticity in Polymeric Gels and Its Relevance to Mechanical Signature of Biological Tissues

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Arnaud Millet
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Polymeric Gels ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

The mechanosensitivity of cells has recently been identified as a process that could greatly influence a cell’s fate. To understand the interaction between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix, the characterization of the mechanical properties of natural polymeric gels is needed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the leading tools used to characterize mechanically biological tissues. It appears that the elasticity (elastic modulus) values obtained by AFM presents a log-normal distribution. Despite its ubiquity, the log-normal distribution concerning the elastic modulus of biological tissues does not have a clear explanation. In this paper, we propose a physical mechanism based on the weak universality of critical exponents in the percolation process leading to gelation. Following this, we discuss the relevance of this model for mechanical signatures of biological tissues.

An international comparison of HIV prevalence and incidence in blood donors and general population: a BEST Collaborative study

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Germain ◽  
Yves Grégoire ◽  
Brian S. Custer ◽  
Mindy Goldman ◽  
Marjorie Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
International Comparison ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence

scholarly journals Extreme geomagnetic activities: a statistical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuho Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Magnetic Observatory ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sudden Commencements ◽  
The One ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Geomagnetic Activities ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

Abstract Statistical distributions are investigated for magnetic storms, sudden commencements (SCs), and substorms to identify the possible amplitude of the one in 100-year and 1000-year events from a limited data set of less than 100 years. The lists of magnetic storms and SCs are provided from Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, while the lists of substorms are obtained from SuperMAG. It is found that majorities of events essentially follow the log-normal distribution, as expected from the random output from a complex system. However, it is uncertain that large-amplitude events follow the same log-normal distributions, and rather follow the power-law distributions. Based on the statistical distributions, the probable amplitudes of the 100-year (1000-year) events can be estimated for magnetic storms, SCs, and substorms as approximately 750 nT (1100 nT), 230 nT (450 nT), and 5000 nT (6200 nT), respectively. The possible origin to cause the statistical distributions is also discussed, consulting the other space weather phenomena such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.

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