scholarly journals Ten Years Evidence-Based High-Tech Acupuncture–A Short Review of Centrally Measured Effects (Part II)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Litscher
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Short Review ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Acupuncture Research ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time

The assessment of acupuncture-induced effects on brain function is crucial. Ultrasound-assisted brain function monitoring and bioelectrical methods as well as near infrared spectroscopic procedures and functional magnetic resonance investigations form the basis for the latest scientific examination methods for acupuncture research. The laserneedle acupuncture, which was examined scientifically for the first time in Graz, represents a new painless and non-invasive acupuncture method. In this way, individual combinations of acupuncture points can be stimulated simultaneously according to traditional Chinese medicine. In the context of double-blind studies, effects in the brain could be demonstrated in a reproducible manner for the first time. This second part of the short review article summarizes some of the centrally measured effects of acupuncture obtained at the Medical University of Graz within the last 10 years.

scholarly journals Ten Years Evidence-Based High-Tech Acupuncture—A Short Review of Peripherally Measured Effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Litscher
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Review Article ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Needle Acupuncture

Since 1997, the Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine of Graz Medical University has been dealing with the demystification of acupuncture and examining, using non-invasive methods, how different stimulation modalities (manual needle acupuncture, laserneedle acupuncture and electro acupuncture) affect peripheral and central functions. Laser is also an important instrument for acupuncture. One only needs to mention the treatment of children or of patients with needle phobia. The laserneedle acupuncture, which was examined scientifically for the first time in Graz, represents a new painless acupuncture method for which up to ten laserneedles are glued to the skin, but not stuck into it. This first part of the short review article summarizes some of the peripherally measured effects of acupuncture obtained at the Medical University of Graz within the last 10 years.

scholarly journals Ten Years Evidence-Based High-Tech Acupuncture Part 3: A Short Review of Animal Experiments

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Litscher
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Laser Acupuncture ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Spectral Edge Frequency ◽  
Spectral Edge ◽  
Acupuncture Research ◽  
Medical University

High-tech acupuncture research has been performed for 10 years at the Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine at the Medical University of Graz. This article as a part of a series comprises animal experiments in the field of needle and laser acupuncture. The investigations presented in this article were performed in pigs, dogs and sheep. In all studies sedative stimulation effects of the acupoint Yintang are described using different measurement parameters (EEG-bispectral index, EEG spectral edge frequency and metabolic parameters).

scholarly journals Brain–Computer Interfacing Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Kogulan Paulmurugan ◽  
Vimalan Vijayaragavan ◽  
Sayantan Ghosh ◽  
Parasuraman Padmanabhan ◽  
Balázs Gulyás
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Neuron Function ◽  
Brain Computer Interfacing ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Computer Interfacing

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a wearable optical spectroscopy system originally developed for continuous and non-invasive monitoring of brain function by measuring blood oxygen concentration. Recent advancements in brain–computer interfacing allow us to control the neuron function of the brain by combining it with fNIRS to regulate cognitive function. In this review manuscript, we provide information regarding current advancement in fNIRS and how it provides advantages in developing brain–computer interfacing to enable neuron function. We also briefly discuss about how we can use this technology for further applications.

scholarly journals Dietary flavanols improve cerebral cortical oxygenation and cognition in healthy adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Gratton ◽  
Samuel R. Weaver ◽  
Claire V. Burley ◽  
Kathy A. Low ◽  
Edward L. Maclin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acute Study ◽  
Cortical Oxygenation ◽  
Cognitive Challenge ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cocoa Flavanols ◽  
Do So

AbstractCocoa flavanols protect humans against vascular disease, as evidenced by improvements in peripheral endothelial function, likely through nitric oxide signalling. Emerging evidence also suggests that flavanol-rich diets protect against cognitive aging, but mechanisms remain elusive. In a randomized double-blind within-subject acute study in healthy young adults, we link these two lines of research by showing, for the first time, that flavanol intake leads to faster and greater brain oxygenation responses to hypercapnia, as well as higher performance only when cognitive demand is high. Individual difference analyses further show that participants who benefit from flavanols intake during hypercapnia are also those who do so in the cognitive challenge. These data support the hypothesis that similar vascular mechanisms underlie both the peripheral and cerebral effects of flavanols. They further show the importance of studies combining physiological and graded cognitive challenges in young adults to investigate the actions of dietary flavanols on brain function.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Accuracy of Non-Invasive Glucose Sensing in Aqueous Solutions Using Combined Millimeter Wave and Near Infrared Transmission

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3275
Author(s):  
Helena Cano-Garcia ◽  
Rohit Kshirsagar ◽  
Roberto Pricci ◽  
Ahmed Teyeb ◽  
Fergus O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Infrared Transmission ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Transmission Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Single Modality

We reported measurement results relating to non-invasive glucose sensing using a novel multiwavelength approach that combines radio frequency and near infrared signals in transmission through aqueous glucose-loaded solutions. Data were collected simultaneously in the 37–39 GHz and 900–1800 nm electromagnetic bands. We successfully detected changes in the glucose solutions with varying glucose concentrations between 80 and 5000 mg/dl. The measurements showed for the first time that, compared to single modality systems, greater accuracy on glucose level prediction can be achieved when combining transmission data from these distinct electromagnetic bands, boosted by machine learning algorithms.

scholarly journals Integrative Laser Medicine and High-Tech Acupuncture at the Medical University of Graz, Austria, Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Litscher
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Registered Trademark ◽  
Laser Medicine ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time

At the moment, modernization of acupuncture has a high priority. On the traditional side, acupuncture has only recently been awarded the status of Intangible Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO. On the innovative side, high-tech acupuncture is a registered trademark in Austria. Acupuncture has been used for medical treatment for thousands of years. A large number of empirical data are available but the technical quantification of effects was not possible up to now. Using electroacupuncture, needle, or laser stimulation and modern biomedical techniques, it was possible for the first time to quantify changes in biological activities caused by acupuncture. This paper which serves as introduction for the special issue “High-Tech Acupuncture and Integrative Laser Medicine” of the present journal, focuses on the latest innovative aspects that underline the further enhancement and development of acupuncture. Special emphasis is given to new methodological and technical investigations, for example, results obtained from all kinds of acupuncture innovations (e.g., teleacupuncture) and integrative laser medicine.

scholarly journals Detecting Residual Awareness in Patients With Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness: An fNIRS Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yujin Zhang ◽  
Yuhang Gao ◽  
Rixing Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Level Of Consciousness

Recent advances in neuroimaging technologies have provided insights into detecting residual consciousness and assessing cognitive abilities in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is non-invasive and portable and can be used for longitudinal bedside monitoring, making it uniquely suited for evaluating brain function in patients with DOC at appropriate spatiotemporal resolutions. In this pilot study, an active command-driven motor imagery (MI) paradigm based on fNIRS was used to detect residual consciousness in patients with prolonged DOC. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used to classify yes-or-no responses. The results showed that relatively reliable responses were detected from three out of five patients in a minimally consciousness state (MCS). One of the patients answered all the questions accurately when assessed according to this method. This study confirmed the feasibility of using portable fNIRS technology to detect residual cognitive ability in patients with prolonged DOC by active command-driven motor imagery. We hope to detect the exact level of consciousness in DOC patients who may have a higher level of consciousness.

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