Characterization and clinical implications of peripheral arterial involvement in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Stamatelopoulos ◽  
D Delialis ◽  
D Bampatsias ◽  
M.E Tselegkidi ◽  
I Petropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Vascular Involvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Reflections ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Arterial Involvement ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Abstract Background The sporadic form of transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is underdiagnosed but its prevalence is increasing due to the aging population. Given the poor prognosis of ATTR-CM understanding the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of the disease is imperative in order to improve strategies for early diagnosis and risk stratification and to develop new effective therapeutic options. ATTR-CM is associated with hypotension and there is preliminary experimental evidence of vascular involvement but its presence and clinical significance remains unknown. Purpose To characterize peripheral arterial involvement and explore its clinical role in ATTR-CM. Methods We consecutively recruited 28 previously untreated patients with newly diagnosed ATTR-CM and 34 elderly controls >70 years old, without ATTR-CM or heart failure. In both groups, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT) in the carotid arteries were measured by high-resolution ultrasonography as markers of peripheral vascular reactivity and of subclinical atherosclerosis, respectively. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Aortic blood pressure (BP) and augmentation index (AI) using applanation tonometry were measured as markers of arterial wave reflections, peripheral arterial resistance and central hemodynamics. Echocardiography was performed in all ATTR patients. All cardiovascular (CV) measurements were performed before administration of any ATTR-specific therapy. Results ATTR patients were older and had lower prevalence of hypertension and male gender (p<0.05 for all) than the control group. Aortic and peripheral BP (p=0.016–0.088) and AI (p=0.003) were lower in ATTR patients. IMT in the common (cc) and internal carotid (ic) as well as in the carotid bulb (cb) were significantly higher in ATTR patients (p=0.001–0.042). After multivariable adjustment for traditional CV disease (CVD) risk factors, the ATTR group was independently associated with AI and IMT in cc, cb and ic (p<0.05 for all). In a subgroup of subjects with similar age between groups (n=13 and n=33 and 74.5±2.9 vs. 75.6±3.6 years, for ATTR vs. controls, respectively) differences in AI and cbIMT remained significant. Interestingly, AI was strongly and inversely associated with interventricular wall thickness (IVwt) in ATTR patients (spearman rho=−0.651, p=0.001). After adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors this association remained significant. Conclusion ATTR-CM is associated with lower aortic wave reflections, which correlate with more advanced structural cardiac disease, as assessed by IVwt. Further, ATTR-CM patients present accelerated subclinical carotid atherosclerosis as compared to elderly control subjects. These findings suggest that in ATTR-CM there is disease-specific peripheral vascular involvement in parallel to cardiac involvement. The clinical significance of these findings merits further investigation. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Bears and Other Gay Men: A Descriptive Study from Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mijas ◽  
Karolina Koziara ◽  
Andrzej Galbarczyk ◽  
Grazyna Jasienska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Wide Range

A risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased by multiple factors including psychosocial stress and health behaviors. Sexual minority men who identify as Bears form a subculture distinguished by characteristics associated with increased CVD risk such as elevated stress and high body weight. However, none of the previous studies comprehensively investigated CVD risk in this population. Our study compared Bears (N = 31) with other gay men (N = 105) across a wide range of CVD risk factors. Logistic regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were performed to compare both groups concerning behavioral (e.g., physical activity), medical (e.g., self-reported hypertension), and psychosocial (e.g., depressiveness) CVD risk factors. Bears were characterized by older age and higher body mass index (BMI) than the control group. We also observed higher resilience, self-esteem, as well as greater prevalence of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in Bears. None of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and, in the case of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, both age and BMI. Our study demonstrates that Bears are characterized by increased CVD risk associated predominantly with older age and higher BMI. Health promotion interventions addressed to this community should be tailored to Bears’ subcultural norms and should encourage a healthier lifestyle instead of weight loss.

scholarly journals Comparison of Muscular Endurance and Hypertrophy Resistance Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Sedentary Male Smokers

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Stuwart Shaw ◽  
Stacey Turner ◽  
Ina Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) exemplifies a major medical problem as it is the most considerable cause of morbidity and mortality. While sport conditioning specialists understand and differentiate the different benefits of resistance training (RT) subtypes on athletic performance, this distinction is less clear for health professionals when designing CVD risk reduction programs. Objectives: This study attempted to investigate and compare the effects of hypertrophy and muscular endurance RT on CVD risk in sedentary males. Methods: Sedentary male smokers were randomly assigned to either an eight-week hypertrophy RT group (HTG) (n = 15), muscular endurance RT groups (METG) (n = 15), or a non-exercising control group (CON) (n = 15) to assess their impact on smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) variables associated with the four most prominent CVD risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software using a paired sample t-test and ANOVA. Results: Significant (P ≤ 0.05) improvements were found in three of the 15 measured variables in the HTG (resting mean arterial pressure (RMAP) (P = 0.024); total cholesterol (TC): HDL-C ratio (P = 0.009), and HDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ratio (P = 0.038), with a deleterious decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.027). In turn, significant improvements were found in the METG in 10 of the 15 measured variables, namely; cigarettes smoked per day (P = 0.037), resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) (P = 0.002), resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) (P = 0.006), RMAP (P = 0.000), TC (P = 0.010), triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.010), LDL-C (P = 0.007), HDL-C: LDL-C (P = 0.018), non-HDL-C (n-HDL-C) (P = 0.010), and VO2max (P = 0.001), and a deleterious decrease in HDL-C (P = 0.026). Conclusions: While the oversimplification of RT design for CVD reduction has resulted in cardio-centric CVD training programs, this study demonstrates that some subtypes of RT (i.e. muscular endurance training) may prove more useful than others in reducing multiple CVD risk factors simultaneously.

scholarly journals Effects of a Yoga Program in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Workers of Small Workplaces: A Pilot Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10038
Author(s):  
Won Ju Hwang ◽  
Jin Ah Kim ◽  
Ji Sun Ha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a yoga program provided to workers in small businesses to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. A nonequivalent control group pre/post-test design was used. The experimental group (n = 31) was assigned a yoga program consisting of yoga postures designed for meditation, strengthening, stretching, and balancing, given twice weekly for 12 weeks. The control group (n = 38) was given no other intervention. The mean age was 48.1 years old in the experimental group and 47.7 years old in the control group. Three trained investigators collected the questionnaires and one month after completing the 12-week yoga program, the same questionnaires that were administered at baseline were again administered. Psychosocial variables (depressive symptoms and job stress), health promotion behaviors, and body measurements (weight and waist circumference) were measured for the program evaluation. The yoga program was effective in improving waist circumference (from 81.8 to 79.2, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (from 81.0 to 79.1, p = 0.004) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group’s job stress score decreased from 1.38 to 1.02, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.240). A yoga program could be a useful intervention for workers with CVD risk factors, but it was not effective in psychological factors such as job stress and depression. A long-term intervention approach is important to confirm the psychosocial effect. Therefore, future research is needed to investigate the long-term outcomes of such interventions.

1107Reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors in rural, medically under-served, socioeconomically distressed, high-risk individuals: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Moser ◽  
M L Chung ◽  
F Feltner ◽  
T A Lennie ◽  
M J Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background People in rural, socioeconomically distressed areas of the world suffer from marked cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities. Despite the CVD disparities seen in rural, distressed areas, efforts directed toward CVD risk reduction and prevention are limited. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to determine the effect of an individualized, culturally appropriate, self-care CVD risk reduction intervention (HeartHealth) compared to referral of patients to a primary care provider for usual care on the following CVD risk factors: tobacco use, blood pressure, lipid profile, body mass index, depressive symptoms, and physical activity levels. Methods The study protocol and intervention were developed with a community advisory board of lay community members, business owners, local government officials, church leaders, and healthcare providers. We enrolled 355 individuals living in Appalachia with two or more CVD risk factors. The intervention was delivered in person to groups of 10 or fewer individuals over 12 weeks. In the first session, participants chose their CVD risk reduction goals. HeartHealth was designed to provide participants with self-care skills targeting CVD risk reduction while reducing barriers to risk reduction found in austere rural environments. The targeted CVD risk factors were measured at baseline and 4 and 12 months post-intervention. Repeated measures data were analyzed with mixed models. Results More individuals in the intervention group compared to the control group met their lifestyle change goal (50% vs 16%, p<0.001). The intervention produced a positive impact on systolic blood pressure (p=0.002, time X group effect), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001, time x group), total cholesterol (p=0.026, time x group), high density lipoprotein (p=0.002, time x group), body mass index (p=0.017, time x group), smoking status (p=0.01), depressive symptoms (p=0.01, time x group), and steps per day (p=0.001, time x group). Compared to the control group, improvement was seen at 4 months in these risk factors and the positive changes were maintained through 12 months. There were no differences seen across time by group in low density lipoprotein or triglyceride levels. Conclusion Interventions like HeartHealth that focus on self-care and that are derived in collaboration with the community of interest are effective in medically underserved, socioeconomically distressed rural areas. Acknowledgement/Funding Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute

scholarly journals Effect of high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular disease risk factors and body composition in psoriatic arthritis: a randomised controlled trial

RMD Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e000729
Author(s):  
Ruth Stoklund Thomsen ◽  
Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen ◽  
Glenn Haugeberg ◽  
Anja Bye ◽  
Arthur Kavanaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
High Intensity Interval

BackgroundPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with an accumulation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on CVD risk factors in patients with PsA.MethodsWe randomly assigned 61 patients with PsA (41 women and 20 men) to an intervention group performing HIIT for 11 weeks or a control group who were instructed to not change their physical exercise habits. Outcomes were assessed at 3 and 9  months with measures on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), fat percentage and Body Mass Index (BMI). We used linear mixed models to calculate mean difference with 95% CI between the groups according to the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsAt 3  months, the HIIT group had a 3.72  mL/kg/min (95%  CI 2.38 to 5.06) higher VO2max and a 1.28 (95% CI −2.51 to −0.05) lower truncal fat percentage than controls. There was also some evidence that the HIIT group had lower total fat percentage (−0.80; 95%  CI −1.71 to 0.10) and slightly lower BMI (−0.31; 95%  CI −0.78 to 0.17) than the control group. At 9  months, the HIIT group had still a higher VO2max (3.08; 95%  CI 1.63 to 4.53) than the control group, whereas the difference in other factors were small.ConclusionIn patients with PsA, 3  months with HIIT was associated with a substantial increase in VO2max and a reduction in truncal fat percentage compared with controls. The beneficial effect on VO2max was also sustained through 9  months.Trial registration numberNCT02995460.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Training Reduces CVD Risk Factors among Rotating Shift Workers: An Eight-Week Intervention in Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Asgeir Mamen ◽  
Reidun Øvstebø ◽  
Per Anton Sirnes ◽  
Pia Nielsen ◽  
Marit Skogstad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Intensity Training

Rotating shift work is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have studied the effect of 17 min high-intensity training three times a week over eight weeks on CVD risk factors among shift workers. Sixty-five shift workers from two plants were recruited. They were all deemed healthy at the initial health screening and in 100% work. From plant A, 42 workers, and plant B, 23 workers participated. After the intervention, 56 workers were retested. The intervention group consisted of 19 participants from plant A who had participated in at least 10 sessions. Twenty workers from plant B and 17 workers from plant A that not had taken part in the training were included in the control group. All workers reported physical activity (PA) by questionnaires before and after the training intervention. We measured blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and arterial stiffness. Maximal oxygen uptake ( V . O2max) was assessed by bicycle ergometry. The intervention group favorably differed significantly from the control group in improvement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Short training sessions with 4 min of high-intensity PA, three times a week, for eight weeks among rotating shift workers reduced some CVD risk factors. PA interventions in occupational settings may thus decrease coronary heart disease and stroke incidences in this vulnerable group of workers.

scholarly journals The application of carbon dioxide baths and aquatic therapy in preventive programs for persons with circu latory illnesses risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-291
Author(s):  
О. D. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Aquatic Therapy ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Peripheral Hemodynamics

Due to the fact that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, reducing risk factors and maintaining a healthy lifestyle play an important role in primary and secondary prevention of CVD development and improving prognosis. The purpose of the study. To study the eff ectiveness of carbon dioxide baths and water training in the primary prevention program for people with CVD risk factors. Material and methods. 60 patients (43 women and 17 men) with CVD risk factors were examined before and after a course of carbon dioxide baths and aquatic therapy. The hardware and software complex «Physiocontrol-R» was used. It includes, in addition to psychological testing (Spielberger, SAN, Lüscher tests, сardiointervalography (CIG) for the study of the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system, the study of the state of central and peripheral hemodynamics, Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for the study of body composition. Results. In the group of patients who took a complex of carbon dioxide baths and water training, in contrast to the control group, there was an improvement in the clinical condition, hemodynamic parameters, normalization of sympathicovagal balance and body composition. Conclusion. The aquatic therapy program in the pool and the use of HCV led to an improvement in the patients ‘ psychoemotional state, improvement of central and peripheral hemodynamics, and sympathico-vagal balance, which is associated with a reduced risk of developing CVD.

Exercise intervention on cardiovascular disease risk factors in a university population in the United Arab Emirates

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dalibalta ◽  
Fatemeh Mirshafiei ◽  
Gareth Davison
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
University Population

Abstract Objective 1) To assess the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a university population, and 2) to investigate the effects of an 8-week exercise intervention on CVD risk factors. Methods Forty-six students participated in this study. Baseline cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR), blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness were also assessed. Participants performed 8weeks of exercise consisting of 60 min of moderate-high intensity exercise three times a week, and all parameters were repeated following the 8-week program. Results Participants were divided into an apparently healthy control group (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and an overweight/obese experimental group (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Both groups had low cardiorespiratory fitness and clear evidence of risk for CVD. Following the 8-week program, participants demonstrated significant improvement in biochemical parameters and in overall fitness (p < 0.05). WHRs decreased whilst peak oxygen volumes increased when comparing baseline and post-exercise values (p < 0.05). BMI decreased in both groups following exercise (p < 0.05). Systolic BP was surprisingly elevated in nearly 30% of participants, but was comparatively lower in the control group (p < 0.05). There was a clear increase in HDL-cholesterol values post-intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion Early detection of CVD risk factors, particularly in a young population, can lead to earlier prevention of disease through lifestyle changes. Moreover, short-term exercise can have important effects on reducing CVD risk factors, improving body composition and overall cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Skipping breakfast leads to weight loss but also elevated cholesterol compared with consuming daily breakfasts of oat porridge or frosted cornflakes in overweight individuals: a randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Geliebter ◽  
Nerys M. Astbury ◽  
Roni Aviram-Friedman ◽  
Eric Yahav ◽  
Sami Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

AbstractEating breakfast may reduce appetite, body weight and CVD risk factors, but the breakfast type that produces the greatest health benefits remains unclear. We compared the effects of consuming a high-fibre breakfast, a non-fibre breakfast, or no-breakfast control on body weight, CVD risk factors and appetite. A total of thirty-six overweight participants (eighteen men and eighteen women) (mean age 33·9 (sd7·5) years, mean BMI 32·8 (sd4·7) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to consume oat porridge (n = 12), frosted cornflakes (n = 12) or a water control (n = 12) breakfast daily for 4 weeks. Appetite ratings were collected on the first day and weekly thereafter. Before and after the intervention, body weight, composition, blood pressure and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured and a fasting blood sample was collected. Across the 4 weeks, fullness was higher and hunger was lower in the oat porridge group compared with the control group (P < 0·05). Mean weight change over the intervention was significantly different in the control group (−1·18 (sd1·16) kg) compared with both the cornflakes (−0·12 (sd1·34) kg) and oat porridge (+0·26 (sd0·91) kg) groups (P < 0·05). However, the control group also showed elevated total cholesterol concentrations relative to the cornflakes and oat porridge groups (P < 0·05). There were no differences between groups in changes in body composition, blood pressure, REE or other CVD risk factors. In conclusion, although skipping breakfast led to weight loss, it also resulted in increased total cholesterol concentrations compared with eating either oat porridge or frosted cornflakes for breakfast.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability in patients with psoriatic arthritis: associations with systemic inflammation and traditional cardiovascular risk factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
I. Z. Gaydukova ◽  
D. A. Poddubnyi ◽  
A. P. Rebrov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein

Aim. To identify the disturbances of vegetative heart regulation and their associations with systemic inflammation activity in patients with psoriatic arthritic (PsA). Material and methods. The main group (MG) included 32 PsA patients without cardiovascular disease, CVD (mean age 44,62±11,6 years; mean PsA duration 10,32±10,2 years; 52,3% men). The control group (CG) included 25 healthy volunteers (mean age 40,33±11,8 years; 49,1% men). Time and spectral parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed. PsA activity was assessed by DAS index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen (FG) levels. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated, based on the following parameters: lipid spectr arterial hypertension, body mass index, and family history of CVD. Results. Compared to CG, all HRV parameters were affected in MG patients (p<0,01). HRV parameters were associated with PsA activity (ESR, CRP, FG, enthesitis), as well as with CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, age). Conclusion. In PsA patients, disturbed vegetative heart regulation was manifested in reduced HRV and activated sympathetic HRV component. These disturbances were associated with traditional CVD risk factors and systemic inflammation activity.

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