Rising patients" adherence to CVD preventive treatment via medical and psychological counseling using remote technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
OV Kopylova ◽  
NA Sirota ◽  
VM Yaltonsky

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Low adherence to healthy lifestyle and CVD preventive medical treatment is a seriouse problem in lowering of CVD morbidity and mortality. Using modern medical, psychological and remote technologies may help to increase patients" adherence. Purpose To study the efficacy of medical and psychological counselling using remote technologies in rising patients" adherence to CVD preventive treatment. Methods The study included 140 patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (RF CVD), who were divided into two comparable groups: group of medical and psychological counselling with the use of remote technologies (n = 70) and group of control (n = 70).  The study lastet 12 months. Level of adherence was measured via standard Morisky-Green"s 4-item questionnaire as well as via additional questionnaire developed by authors for this study. Results Comparative analysis of the level of adherence in the two groups did not reveal statistically significant differences at baseline. After 12 months, the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in adherence to preventive treatment compared with the control group (р=0,001) Conclusion(s) Medical and psychological counselling using remote technologies is an effective method for rising patients" adherence to CVD preventive medical treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kiselev

Abstract Background Children with specific language impairment have difficulties producing and understanding language (Bishop, 1997). Specifically, these children have deficit in grammar understanding. The goal of this research was to examine the hypothesis that children at the age of 5-6 with deficit in executive abilities have a risk for emerging weakness in grammar understanding at the age of 8-9. Methods 136 children at the age of 5-6 were assessed using 5 subtests from NEPSY (Tower, Auditory Attention and Response Set, Visual Attention, Statue, Design Fluency), which are designed to assess executive abilities in children. We have revealed 27 children with deficit in executive abilities. These children were included in the experimental group. The control group included 27 children with no deficit in executive abilities. In the framework of longitudinal research children at the age of 8-9 from both groups were assessed by Grammar Understanding Test from Luria's neuropsychological assessment technique. Results One-way ANOVA has revealed significant differences (p<.05) between groups for scores in Grammar Understanding Test. Children from experimental group had low level of grammar understanding. Conclusions This research has shown that deficit in executive abilities can predict the delay in development of grammar understanding in children. These results provided insight into cognitive mechanisms in typically developing and the underlying nature of specific language impairments, helping to elucidate the nature of impaired mechanism in this disorder. It can be assumed that deficit in executive abilities is one of the risk factors for emerging weakness in grammar understanding in children. Key messages Deficit in executive abilities is one of the risk factors for emerging weakness in grammar understanding in children. There is relationship between grammar understanding and executive abilities in children.


Author(s):  
Vicente Gaspar ◽  
Alexander Gil-Arias ◽  
Fernando Del Villar ◽  
Alba Práxedes ◽  
Alberto Moreno

The purpose of this study was to implement a comprehensive teaching program based on the principles of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model and questioning, and to assess its consequences for students’ satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation, perceptions of ability and intention to be physically active during Physical Education lessons in primary education. A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Participants were 111 students from two different groups of fifth and sixth graders, all enrolled in one primary school. Participants were divided into experimental and control group. Experimental group experienced a TGfU unit, according to small side games and the questioning. Control group experienced a small side games unit, without questioning. Within-group results showed that experimental group students reported significantly higher mean scores in all dependents variables of the study, in both genders. Results showed that control group only reported significantly higher mean scores in intention to be physically active variable, also in both genders. The results demonstrate the need to implement didactic units under comprehensive pedagogical approaches to improve motivation and the intention to develop healthy lifestyle habits in female and male students. More researches are needed to support this evidence.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lewandowska ◽  
Grzegorz Rudzki ◽  
Tomasz Lewandowski ◽  
Aleksandra Stryjkowska-Góra ◽  
Sławomir Rudzki

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC), defined as cancer of the colon or rectum, is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers, and, according to the World Health Organisation database GLOBOCAN, it accounts for about 1.4 million new diagnoses annually worldwide. There is an association between the occurrence of colorectal cancer and non-modifiable risk factors, including age and hereditary factors, as well as with modifiable factors linked to the environment and lifestyle choices.Methods: The study included 800 patients, 400 diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 400 within the control group. The research was based on a clinical, direct, individual, structured, in-depth and focused interview. Assessment of activity and BMI was used according to WHO recommendations, as well as the expert system.Results: The average age of the patients was 64.53 ± 8.86 years, of the control group I - 59.64 ± 9.33 and the control group II - 57.5 (7.83). The association between the incidence of ulcerative colitis and the risk of colorectal cancer was clearly positive (p<0.001). Among obese subjects, the colorectal cancer risk was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.06-1.53) in comparison with non-obese subjects. The relative risk for current smokers was 2.17 (95% CI 1.79-2.66). Higher fat consumption and higher red meat consumption were also associated with the higher risk of colorectal cancer (p=0.01).Conclusions: Obesity, low physical activity, active and passive smoking and high salt and red meat consumption have been linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer. The results give further evidence of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Iglesias ◽  
Iván Torre-Villalvazo ◽  
Patricia Butrón-Gandarillas ◽  
Tatiana S. Rodríguez-Reyna ◽  
Erik A. Torre-Anaya ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn the hand, the Systemic Sclerosis (SS) is characteristically evidenced by Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) and fibrosis of the skin, tendons, ligaments, and joints as well as digital ulcers with prolonged healing. Current medical treatment not always cure these complications. Local adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) administration into the hands has been proposed as an emerging treatment for these complications, due to its proangiogenic, antifibrotic, and immunoregulatory activities. The objective of this controlled trial was to evaluate the safety and clinical effects of fat micrografts plus ADSVF administration into the hands of patients with SS.MethodsThis was an open-label, monocentric, randomized controlled study. Twenty patients diagnosed with SS were enrolled and assigned to the experimental or control group. Fat micrografts plus the ADSVF were injected into the right hand of experimental group patients. The control group continued to receive only medical treatment. Demographic, serologic data and disease severity were recorded. Digital oximetry, pain, Raynaud phenomenon (RP), digital ulcer healing (DUH), mobility, thumb opposition, vascular density of the nail bed, skin affection of the hand, Serologic antibodies, hand function, and quality of life scores were evaluated in both groups. The mean follow-up period was 168 days.The differences between before and after the intervention were analyzed with the Wilcoxon range test, and the differences between the control and experimental groups at 0 days and 168 days were analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsAdverse events were not observed in both groups. There were no changes in disease severity, serologic antibodies, nailfold capillaroscopy patterns, mobility, and hand function in both groups. There were significant improvements in pain, DUH and quality of life scores in the experimental group. RP improved significantly in both groups. However, on statistically comparing the results at 168 days between the groups, significant improvements were only observed in pain levels (p = 0.02) and DUH (p=0.003).ConclusionsThe injection of ADSVF plus fat micrografts is a reproducible, and safe technique. Pain and digital ulcers in the hands of patients with SS can be treated with this treatment.Trial RegistrationRetrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT04387825


Author(s):  
Hamid Kazemi-Zahrani ◽  
Malihe Mohagheghian

Introduction: Bipolar disorder is combined with chronic symptoms that have effect on cognitive abilities and executive functions. The purpose of present study was to investigate efficacy of mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on impulsivity and self-inhibition in the patients with bipolar disorder under medical treatment. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with the control group. 30 men and women with bipolar disorder referred to psychiatry center of Almahdi Welfare in Esfahan were selected through convenience sampling method and assigned in two groups: experimental (14) and control (16) randomly. Both groups performed behavioral impulsivity scale (BIS-11) and self-inhibition scale (SRS) in the pretest and posttest phases. Experimental group was treated with mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for 8 sessions. The data were analyzed by MANCOVA. Results: Covariate analyze demonstrated that  of mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) was effective on reducing the impulsivity and increasing the self-inhibition in the experimental group. Conclusion: Based on this finding, reduce cognitive impulsivity and motor impulsivity, and increase self-inhibition in anger control, impulse control and respect for others dimensions, is because of mindfulness based on cognitive therapy. Considering psychological intervention based on mindfulness, in addition to medical treatment is of particular importance.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-855
Author(s):  
Kiselev S

Abstract Objectives Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with producing and understanding language. It is important to search for the risk factors for this deficit in children. The goal of this research was to examine the hypothesis that children at the age of 5 with weakness in holistic processing have a risk for emerging deficit in grammar understanding at the age of 7. Methods 98 children at the age of 5 were assessed with the Rey-Osterieth Complex Figure Test to reveal children with weakness in holistic processing. It was proposed that part-oriented strategy in copying Complex Figure is related to weakness in holistic processing (Luria, 1973). We have revealed 19 children with weakness in holistic processing. These children were included in the experimental group. The control group included 19 children with typical level of holistic processing. Children from experimental and control group were matched for IQ and gender. Children at the age of 7 from both groups were assessed by Grammar Understanding Test from Luria’s neuropsychological assessment technique. Results One-way ANOVA has revealed significant differences [p ≤ 0,05] between groups for scores in Grammar Understanding Test. Children from the experimental group showed a lower level of grammar understanding. Conclusion This research has shown that weakness in holistic processing can predict the delay in development of grammar understanding in children. The received results shed light into underlying nature of SLI. It can be assumed that weakness in holistic processing is one of the risk factors for emerging deficit in grammar understanding in children.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10038
Author(s):  
Won Ju Hwang ◽  
Jin Ah Kim ◽  
Ji Sun Ha

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a yoga program provided to workers in small businesses to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. A nonequivalent control group pre/post-test design was used. The experimental group (n = 31) was assigned a yoga program consisting of yoga postures designed for meditation, strengthening, stretching, and balancing, given twice weekly for 12 weeks. The control group (n = 38) was given no other intervention. The mean age was 48.1 years old in the experimental group and 47.7 years old in the control group. Three trained investigators collected the questionnaires and one month after completing the 12-week yoga program, the same questionnaires that were administered at baseline were again administered. Psychosocial variables (depressive symptoms and job stress), health promotion behaviors, and body measurements (weight and waist circumference) were measured for the program evaluation. The yoga program was effective in improving waist circumference (from 81.8 to 79.2, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (from 81.0 to 79.1, p = 0.004) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group’s job stress score decreased from 1.38 to 1.02, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.240). A yoga program could be a useful intervention for workers with CVD risk factors, but it was not effective in psychological factors such as job stress and depression. A long-term intervention approach is important to confirm the psychosocial effect. Therefore, future research is needed to investigate the long-term outcomes of such interventions.


Author(s):  
Ольга Владимировна Шаталова ◽  
Дмитрий Андреевич Медников ◽  
Зейнаб Усама Протасова

Цель исследования заключается в повышении качества прогнозирования ишемической болезни сердца путем учета синергетического эффекта наличия сопутствующих заболеваний и факторов профессиональной среды посредством многоагентных интеллектуальных систем. Методы исследования. Для прогнозирования ишемической болезни сердца предложена базовая структура многоагентной интеллектуальной системы, содержащая «сильные» и «слабые» классификаторы. При этом «слабые» классификаторы разделены на четыре группы, первая из которых осуществляет анализ данных, полученных на основе традиционных факторов риска ишемической болезни сердца, вторая - на основе анализа электрокардиологических исследований, третья группа «слабых» классификаторов предназначена для диагностики сопутствующих заболеваний и синдромов по предикторам, используемых первыми двумя группами агентов, а четвертая - анализирует факторы риска окружающей среды. Мультиагентная система позволяет управлять процессом принятия решений посредством сочетания экспертных оценок, статистических данных и текущей информации. Результаты. Проведены экспериментальные исследования различных модификаций предложенной модели классификатора, заключающихся в последовательном исключении из агрегатора решений «слабых» классификаторов на различных иерархических уровнях. В ходе экспериментального оценивания и в результате математического моделирования было показано, что при использовании всех информативных признаков уверенность в правильном прогнозе по риску ишемической болезни сердца превышает величину 0,8. Показатели качества прогнозирования выше, чем у известной системы прогнозирования ишемической болезни сердца - превышает SCORE, в среднем, на 14%. Выводы. Анализ показателей качества классификации в экспериментальной группе обследуемых с различным показателем ишемического риска и в контрольной группе, составленной из машинистов электролокомотивов, для которых релевантными показателями ишемических рисков являются вибрационная болезнь и пребывание в электромагнитных полях, показал, что учет влияния этих факторов риска в контрольной группе повышает диагностическую эффективность на семь процентов по сравнению с экспериментальной группой, выступающей как фоновая The aim of the study is to improve the quality of predicting coronary heart disease by taking into account the synergistic effect of the presence of concomitant diseases and occupational factors through multi-agent intelligent systems. Research methods. To predict coronary heart disease, a basic structure of a multi-agent intelligent system is proposed, which contains “strong” and “weak” classifiers. At the same time, the "weak" classifiers are divided into four groups, the first of which analyzes data obtained on the basis of traditional risk factors for coronary heart disease, the second - based on the analysis of electrocardiological studies, the third group of "weak" classifiers is intended for the diagnosis of concomitant diseases and syndromes based on predictors used by the first two groups of agents, and the fourth analyzes environmental risk factors. The mobile system allows you to manage the decision-making process through a combination of expert assessments, statistical data and current information. Results. Experimental studies of various modifications of the proposed model of the classifier, consisting in the sequential exclusion from the aggregator of decisions of "weak" classifiers at various hierarchical levels, have been carried out. In the course of experimental evaluation and as a result of mathematical modeling, it was shown that when using all informative signs, the confidence in the correct forecast for the risk of coronary heart disease exceeds 0.8. The indicators of the quality of prediction are higher than those of the known predictive system for coronary heart disease - they exceed SCORE, on average, by 14%. Conclusions. Analysis of the classification quality indicators in the experimental group of subjects with different ischemic risk indicators and in the control group made up of electric locomotive drivers, for whom vibration sickness and exposure to electromagnetic fields are relevant indicators of ischemic risks, showed that taking into account the influence of these risk factors in the control group increases diagnostic efficiency by seven percent compared with the experimental group serving as background


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
Lampe Damjana ◽  
◽  
Francka Lovšin Kozina ◽  

In a consumer society, educating children for a healthy lifestyle is challenging for the teacher. Daily, children are exposed to large amounts of information (including misinformation) and the field of healthy eating is no exception. The teacher must, therefore, develop good teaching strategies that include informative/innovative teaching tools. The aim of the study was to determine whether the learning results of pupils after the introduction of a didactic game with nutrition cards were better than the learning results of pupils who acquired knowledge through a traditional (teacher-lead) presentation. This pedagogical experiment was conducted with 56 Slovenian Grade 6 pupils aged 11–12 (28 students in the experimental group [EG] and 28 in the control group [CG]). The results showed that the EG students (students learning with nutritional cards) achieved a better result in the knowledge test compared to CG students. Most pupils taught with nutrition cards expressed a positive opinion about this type of learning. They also stated that they would pay more attention to nutrition labeling in future purchases. The results suggest that using nutritional cards in teaching can have a positive effect on the learning process and the learning outcome.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Maria Diah CT ◽  
Tri Cahyo S ◽  
Wiwin Martiningsih

Wrong Perception is one of the risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 will make adolescent to do unhealthy lifestyle that leads to DM disease. Increasing knowledge through health education is expected to increase the perception. The purpose of research was to analyze adolescent’s perceptions changing after was given health education using audio visual media about risk factors of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The method in this research was experimental research with Quasi-Experimental design pretest-posttest. The sample consisted of 128 respondents, 64 respondents in control group and 64 respondents in the experimental group. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The results showed an increasing perceptions average 2.31 in control group. In experimental group increased a perceptions average 3.44. Further analysis showed that health education using audio-visual media is more effective in improving perceptions. The conclusion of this research showed that using audio-visual media is more effective to increase the perception. Audio-visual media provide a more attractive appearance, so that there is a dynamic movement to attract the attention. The research recommended an increasing in preventive and promotive diabetes type 2 through health education and activities around school (SMU).


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