scholarly journals Determination of mental status of the university students and related risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Erden Cengiz ◽  
A Topuzoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mental Problems

Abstract University time is one of the most challenging periods of a person’s life. It’s also peak period of many mental illnesses. Mental disorders are the most important cause of disability in people aged 10-24 and contribute to 45% of the disease burden. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of mental illness of university students in the research population and to assess the possible risk factors. This study is a cross-sectional study. 345 students systematically selected by population weighting method were included in the study. Dependent variable of the study is depression, generalized anxiety, bipolar disorder and presence of psychotic symptoms. Mental disorders were evaluated using the CIDI and the DSM-5 Oriented Diagnostic Interview Form. 30.1% of the students had depression, 25.2% had generalized anxiety disorder, 9% had bipolar disorder and 2.9% had psychotic symptoms. The mean age of the participants is 20.4 ± 1.6. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, mother with mental problems, sexual abuse, person with special needs in family, pessimistic personality were found as risk factors for depression. Female gender, stay in a dormitory, poor economic condition of the family, mother with mental problems, alcohol/substance use of parent, pessimistic personality, lack of confidence were risk factors for generalized anxiety disorder. Alcohol use was risk factor for bipolar disorder. Poor academic achievement, having the family excluded by society were risk factors for psychotic symptoms. Average income level was a protective factor for bipolar disorder. Approximately one out of every 3 students use alcohol, and one out of every 20 students found to be at risk by using drugs. The incidence of mental disorders in university students is high. Many factors play a role in the emergence of mental problems. Early recognition of mental disorders, effective control and intervention studies are highly valuable in universities. Key messages The social negative attitude developed against psychiatric diseases and patients has a direct effect on the prevention, early recognition and treatment of mental disorders. University students should be seen as a risky group for substance use, policies should be developed to prevent substance use at universities immediately.

scholarly journals The incidence, psychiatric co-morbidity and pharmacological treatment of severe mental disorders in children and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Nesvåg ◽  
Jørgen G. Bramness ◽  
Marte Handal ◽  
Ingeborg Hartz ◽  
Vidar Hjellvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Severe Mental Disorder ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
First Time

AbstractBackgroundAntipsychotic drug use among children and adolescents is increasing, and there is growing concern about off-label use and adverse effects. The present study aims to investigate the incidence, psychiatric co-morbidity and pharmacological treatment of severe mental disorder in Norwegian children and adolescents.MethodsWe obtained data on mental disorders from the Norwegian Patient Registry on 0–18 year olds who during 2009–2011 were diagnosed for the first time with schizophrenia-like disorder (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes F20-F29), bipolar disorder (F30-F31), or severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (F32.3 or F33.3). Data on filled prescriptions for psychotropic drugs were obtained from the Norwegian Prescription Database.ResultsA total of 884 children and adolescents (25.1 per 100 000 person years) were first time diagnosed with schizophrenia-like disorder (12.6 per 100 000 person years), bipolar disorder (9.2 per 100 000 person years), or severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms (3.3 per 100 000 person years) during 2009–2011. The most common co-morbid mental disorders were depressive (38.1%) and anxiety disorders (31.2%). Antipsychotic drugs were prescribed to 62.4% of the patients, 72.0% of the schizophrenia-like disorder patients, 51.7% of the bipolar disorder patients, and 55.4% of the patients with psychotic depression. The most commonly prescribed drugs were quetiapine (29.5%), aripiprazole (19.6%), olanzapine (17.3%), and risperidone (16.6%).ConclusionsWhen a severe mental disorder was diagnosed in children and adolescents, the patient was usually also prescribed antipsychotic medication. Clinicians must be aware of the high prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among early psychosis patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mental disorder inpatients in China: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Qiuyue Ma ◽  
Fude Yang ◽  
Botao Ma ◽  
Wenzhan Jing ◽  
Jue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Background and Purpose Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common liver disease in China. However, the understanding of NAFLD prevalence among Chinese mental disorder inpatients remains insufficient. We aim to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD among mental disorder inpatients in Beijing, China. Methods In this observational study, we included 66,273 mental disorder inpatients between 2014 and 2018, including inpatients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder and other mental disorders. Data were obtained from electronic health records of 19 specialized psychiatric hospitals in Beijing. NAFLD was defined by ICD-10 code, excluding other causes of liver disease. We calculated the overall and annual prevalence rates of NAFLD from 2014 to 2018, and compared NAFLD prevalence between sexes, age groups, mental disorders types, antipsychotics use, and comorbidities. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine risk factors associated with NAFLD. Subgroup analysis was performed in different mental disorder types. Results The prevalence of NAFLD was 17.63% (95% CI 17.34–17.92%) in mental disorder inpatients, increasing from 16.88% in 2014 to 19.07% in 2018. The NAFLD prevalence in participants with schizophrenia (22.44%) was higher than that in participants with bipolar disorder (17.89%), depressive disorder (12.62%), and other mental disorders (12.99%). Women had similar or even higher NAFLD prevalence than men after 50 years. Men, 50–59 years (aOR = 1.71), schizophrenia (aOR = 1.56), bipolar disorder (aOR = 1.47), antipsychotics use (aOR = 1.46), hypertension (aOR = 1.50), diabetes (aOR = 1.83), dyslipidemia (aOR = 2.50) were risk factors for NAFLD in mental disorder inpatients. Conclusion NAFLD was common among Chinese mental disorder inpatients, and increased over years. The prevalence of NAFLD was higher among men, old women, inpatients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, antipsychotics, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Fatty liver disease among mental disorder population warrants the attention of psychiatric specialists and health policy-makers.

Pychiatrists and Legal Issues in Dementia Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S37-S37
Author(s):  
M.M. Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
The Family ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Many

During more than half a century, Psychiatry has extensively accepted a biomedical model studying mental disorders (including schizophrenia, affective disorders and the large group of stress-related disorders, including anxiety disorder. Thus, the classical dichotomy between functional and organic psychiatric disorders is obsolete and from a theoretical point of view there should be no obstacle for Psychiatry to deal with the study of dementias from gene to clinical levels using empirical methods, including neurotransmitters and scanning techniques. However, in many European countries, the dementias have been claimed as belonging primarily to Neurology, leaving the role of psychiatrists to treat psychotic symptoms and bizarre behavioral disturbances.However, psychiatrists have a long tradition of detailed psychopathological description and great skill in coping with the many psychological, ethical and social problems that are such important features of mental disorders and particularly the dementias, and so, the specific skills of psychiatrists will certainly be warranted in managing the many significant psychological and social problems of the patient both within the family and in society. The discussion must overcome the sterile debate between specialties to focus on the skills needed to adequately address the needs of patients with dementia and their caregivers.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The rate of asymptomatic throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and its associated risk factors among Kabul University students

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zia Noori ◽  
Haji Mohammad Naimi ◽  
Hashmatullah Yousufi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Students ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Categorical Data Analysis ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Streptococcus Group ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family

Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) is the main agent of acute pharyngitis and skin infections that may result in the late complications of glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever. Infection with streptococcus group A is a global health problem, which is most common in children and adults. This study was conducted to investigate the rate of S. pyogenes throat carriers and its main risk factors among healthy students of Kabul university. In the present study pharyngeal swabs of 260, [155 (59.6%) were male and 105 (40.4%) were female] asymptomatic university students aged between 19-30 years, were collected and immediately transported to the laboratory for detection of S. pyogenes following standard microbiological procedures. Production of beta hemolytic colonies on blood agar, sensitivity to bacitracin antibiotic, gram stain positivity, catalase negativity test and streptococcal grouping latex kit (ProlexTM) tests were used to identify and differentiate S. pyogenes from other streptococcus spp. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS 21, Chi-square and Logistic regression tests were applied for the categorical data analysis. A P value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Totally 61 (23.5%) beta hemolytic streptococci were isolated from 260 samples. Among 61 beta hemolytic isolates, 44 (16.9%) were identified as S. pyogenes. The colonization rate of S. pyogenes was higher in male 25 (56.8%) than female 19 (43.2%), which was not statistically significant (p=0.678). Age, residence of the students at hostel and shared utensil use were not statistically significant (p=0.088, p= 0.449, p=0.241 respectively), but the number of children in the family was an important risk factor. People with 1-3 children had a 23-fold higher risk (p˂0.05), and people with 4-6 children had a 27-fold higher risk of carrying S. pyogenes, than those who did not had any children (p˂0.05). In the present study the asymptomatic throat carriage rate of S. pyogenes among Kabul University students, was high. Among all risk factors the number of children in the family was significantly associated with S. pyogenes throat carriage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of mental disorders in university students who are users of psychological service

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Olga María Vargas Ramos ◽  
Mariantonia Lemos Hoyos ◽  
Beatriz Eugenia Toro ◽  
Nora Helena Londoño Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Psychological Service

The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in university students who attend Welfare Psychological Service, as well as the evaluation of psychosocial factors present in the population studied. The sample was comprised of 67 students, who were interviewed with the MINI structured interview and a checklist of psychosocial and environmental problems. The highest prevalent disorder was major depressive episode, followed by generalized anxiety and social phobia. Most common psychosocial problems were related to primary environment, education and social environment. Association was found between the state of mood disorders and problems related to primary group, which points out the importance of family in the origin and maintenance of these disorders.

scholarly journals S216. CASE REPORT OF TREATMENT OF NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME IN CHILD ADOLESCENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S120-S121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Doo Kim ◽  
Beomwoo Nam ◽  
Se-Hoon Shim ◽  
Eun-Sung Lim ◽  
Sung-Yong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ◽  
Paralytic Ileus ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Idiosyncratic Reaction

Abstract Background Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is a rare clinical syndrome occurring due to idiosyncratic reaction after use of neuroleptics. We report a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in an adolescent patient with schizophrenia after treatment with antipsychotics. Methods Case report. Results A 15-year-old male Schizophrenic patient was admitted to the psychiatric closed ward due to worsening of psychotic symptoms on July of 2017. Pineal cystoma and pituitary microadenoma were detected incidentally on MRI, and consultation with the department of pediatrics recommended close observation. After treatment with 6mg of risperidone in combination with 300 mg of quetiapine, psychotic symptoms improved enough to be discharged. Since March 25th of 2019, due to manifestation of paralytic ileus from worsening of underlying constipation, all the oral medications were stopped along with NPO for treatment; in addition, IM injection of haloperidol was only allowed for the symptom control. The day before the onset of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, IM injection of 15 mg of haloperidol and 10 mg of lorazepam resulted in vomiting, headache, fever of 39℃, systemic tremor and stiffness, confusion in consciousness, tachycardia and sweating. On April 1st of 2019, with suspicion of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, the patient was transferred to ICU at our institution. Blood work-up performed on day of admission at ICU indicated CPK 2836 IU/L and myoglobulin 337.2 ng/ml, and CPK, after peaking at 4493 IU/L, continuously decreased and was normalized by the 18th day at ICU. Diazepam (IV), dantrolene, domperidone, L-Dopa/benserazideand and cold blanket were applied because the patient continuously screamed due to fever, stiffness, tremor, and psychotic symptoms. Even though confusion improved after 3 days, nausea and vomiting persisted for 8 days. Tremor, stiffness, and fever were stabilized after 3 days. Tachycardia improved after 17 days. Recovery of hematologic abnormalities such as increased CPK and myoglobulin and leukocytosis were followed by stabilization of tremor, stiffness, and high fever on the 18th day. The patient was transferred out of ICU after 18 days, and symptoms were all stabilized after treatment with clozapine. Discussion Evaluation of risk factors of NMS in patients requiring neuroleptics is most critical in order for prompt differentials and early intervention. Known risk factors are 1) male, 2) combination of more than two antipsychotic, 3) history of previous EPS symptoms or NMS, 4) psychiatric disorders such as severe agitation, mood disorder, or delirium, 5) recent initiation or increasing dose of antipsychotics, 6) IM injection of antipsychotics, 7) poor physical conditions like dehydration, infection, malnutrition, brain tumor, encephalitis, or AIDS, 8) use of zuclopenthixol acetat (clopixol acuphase), and 9) substance abuse. In this case, because the patient had 6 of the risk factors described above, which are biological vulnerabilities due to pineal cystoma and pituitary micro adenoma, dehydration and malnutrition caused by paralytic ileus, and sudden change in IM antipsychotics and dosage, it was critical to consider more carefully in medication injection and changes in dosage. Once diagnosed with NMS, immediate hydration and efforts to lower body temperature are critical to prevent complications like acute renal failure, and use of dantrolene, bromocriptine, and benzodiazepine is helpful in shortening the treatment period. In cases of NMS in patients who cannot terminate use of neuroleptics due to underlying mental disorders, ECT is an effective method to treat both NMS and mental disorders. Safety and efficacy of ECT have been already proven, and it is highly recommended when needed.

Early recognition of bipolar disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Hauser ◽  
Andrea Pfennig ◽  
Seza Özgürdal ◽  
Andreas Heinz ◽  
Michael Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Early Symptom

AbstractBipolar disorders are frequently not diagnosed until long after their onset, leaving patients with no or correspondingly inadequate treatment. The course of the disorder is all the more severe and the negative repercussions for those affected all the greater. Concerted research effort is therefore going into learning how to recognize bipolar disorders at an early stage. Drawing on current research results, this paper presents considerations for an integrative Early Symptom Scale with which persons at risk can be identified and timely intervention initiated. This will require prospective studies to determine the predictive power of the risk factors integrated into the scale.

Children of Parents with Bipolar Disorder: A Metaanalysis of Risk for Mental Disorders

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Lapalme ◽  
Sheilagh Hodgins ◽  
Catherine LaRoche
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Raw Data

Objective: To compare the prevalence rates of mental disorders among children of parents with bipolar disorder and of parents with no mental disorders. Method: Seventeen studies, meeting specific selection criteria, were included in the metaanalyses. Risks for mental disorders among children were estimated by aggregating raw data from the selected studies. Results: Results indicate that in comparison with children of parents with no mental disorders, children of parents with bipolar disorder are 2.7 times more likely to develop any mental disorder and 4.0 times more likely to develop an affective disorder. The metaanalyses indicate that during childhood and adolescence, the risks for any mental disorder and for affective disorders in children are consistently but moderately related to having a parent who suffers from bipolar disorder. Conclusions: Risk factors that could account for the psychopathology observed in children of bipolar parents are explored.

scholarly journals CONTEMPORARY PREVENTION AREAS OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY PHYSICIAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
O. M. Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
The Family ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

The article discusses the features of the activities of the family doctor in the conduct of preventive measures against the development of diabetes and its complications. It is shown that the basis of therapeutic and preventive activities determined by a complex effect on the risk factors and implementation of optimal pharmacotherapy. The identification and modification of risk factors for cardiovascular disease is a major challenge facing the general practitioners, family medicine. The family doctor should take a proactive stance in relation to early recognition of risk factors. New technology to physicians and patients could help in the formation, monitoring and improving results. Essential is a multi-modal education of patients and healthcare professionals in the understanding of diseases, risk assessment and treatment.

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