Thermophilic methanotrophs: in hot pursuit

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M Houghton ◽  
Carlo R Carere ◽  
Matthew B Stott ◽  
Ian R McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Methane Flux ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Methane Budget ◽  
Treatment Facilities

ABSTRACT Methane is a potent greenhouse gas responsible for 20–30% of global climate change effects. The global methane budget is ∼500–600 Tg y−1, with the majority of methane produced via microbial processes, including anthropogenic-mediated sources such as ruminant animals, rice fields, sewage treatment facilities and landfills. It is estimated that microbially mediated methane oxidation (methanotrophy) consumes >50% of global methane flux each year. Methanotrophy research has primarily focused on mesophilic methanotrophic representatives and cooler environments such as freshwater, wetlands or marine habitats from which they are sourced. Nevertheless, geothermal emissions of geological methane, produced from magma and lithosphere degassing micro-seepages, mud volcanoes and other geological sources, contribute an estimated 33–75 Tg y−1 to the global methane budget. The aim of this review is to summarise current literature pertaining to the activity of thermophilic and thermotolerant methanotrophs, both proteobacterial (Methylocaldum, Methylococcus, Methylothermus) and verrucomicrobial (Methylacidiphilum). We assert, on the basis of recently reported molecular and geochemical data, that geothermal ecosystems host hitherto unidentified species capable of methane oxidation at higher temperatures.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of formation of water quality of surface sources of water supply as a factor of a choice of a method of water treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
D. V. Charnyy ◽  
Ye. M. Matseluk ◽  
V. D. Levytska ◽  
S. V. Marysyk ◽  
N. M. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Massive Distribution ◽  
Preliminary Extraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Production

The current state and formation of water quality in reservoirs that serve as sources of drinking water supply were considered. It was revealed that phytoplankton becomes one of the main factors influencing the formation of water quality in reservoirs in the warm period from June to November, especially during the period of reservoirs “blooming”. Mostly these processes are triggered by the explosive development of blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). The factors accompanying this phenomenon are shown. The characteristic of the influence of global climate change and new composition of wastewater on water quality in surface water supply sources is given. If earlier the sewage contained significant volumes of heavy metals, oil products, phenols, etc., now they are observed to decrease at several times and vice versa - an increase in the volume of biogenic compounds, especially phosphates is observed. The emergence of phosphates is caused both by the ingress of phosphate fertilizers into water bodies, and by household reasons - the massive distribution of phosphate-based detergents and the inability of existing sewage treatment plants to efficiently process them. Screening monitoring of the Dnieper river basin showed extremely high levels of the predicted safe concentration of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, as well as pharmaceutical substances such as carbomazepine, lopinavir, diclofenac, efavirenz, etc. in water. That is, among organic pollutants, the focus changes from classic petrochemical products to the products related to agricultural and pharmaceutical production, which, in certain concentrations, can stimulate the development of phytoplankton. The effective methods for treating surface water in modern conditions are as follows: - physical retention of coarse fractions of phytoplankton using new designs of water intake structures; - the use of new filter materials that effectively trap finely dispersed phytoplankton fractions at the main treatment facilities and are capable of regenerating the filter media; - the use of new oxidizing agents-disinfectants that do not form toxic organochlorine compounds, with preliminary extraction of phytoplankton masses;

Pyridine Degradation by Suspensions and Biofilms of Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS and Burkholderia dolosa BOS Strains Isolated from Activated Sludge of Sewage Treatment Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
A.A. Sergeeva ◽  
G.V. Ovechkina ◽  
A.Yu. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Pyridine Degradation

Bacterial strains capable of degradation of 0.8-15.8 g/1 pyridine hydrochloride have been isolated from activated sludge of municipal biological treatment plants in Perm (BOS) and local treatment facilities of the LUKOIL-Permnefteorgsintez enterprise (PNOS). The strains were identified as Achromobacter pulmonis and Burkholderia dolosa. The optimal pyridine concentration for the growth of the isolated strains was 4.0 g/1. The pyridine degradation during the A. pulmonis PNOS and B. dolosa BOS cultivation on a medium with ammonium chloride and glucose and without additional nitrogen or carbon sources was studied. It was shown that the strains are able to accumulate biomass in a medium with pyridine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source; the addition of glucose to the medium (1 g/L) accelerated the pyridine degradation by A. pulmonis PNOS, but inhibited the process carried out by B. dolosa BOS. B. dolosa BOS and A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms efficiently utilized pyridine during growth on basalt and carbon fibers; the highest rate of pyridine utilization (1.8 g /(L day)) was observed in A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms on basalt fibers. pyridine, biodegradation, activated sludge, biofilms, Achromobacter pulmonis, Burkholderia dolosa The authors grateful to Dr. I.I. Tchaikovsky, Head of the Laboratory of Geology of Mineral Deposits of the Mining Institute, a branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, for help with electron microscopy of the samples. This work was carried out as part of a state assignment on the topic « Study of the Functional and Species Diversity of Microorganisms Useful for Ecocenoses and Human Practical Activity», registration number R&D AAAA-A19-119112290008-4.

scholarly journals Reassessing Existing Reservoir Supply Capacity and Management Resilience under Climate Change and Sediment Deposition

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Eleni S. Bekri ◽  
Polychronis Economou ◽  
Panayotis C. Yannopoulos ◽  
Alexander C. Demetracopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sediment Deposition ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Management Scenario ◽  
Supply Capacity

Freshwater resources are limited and seasonally and spatially unevenly distributed. Thus, in water resources management plans, storage reservoirs play a vital role in safeguarding drinking, irrigation, hydropower and livestock water supply. In the last decades, the dams’ negative effects, such as fragmentation of water flow and sediment transport, are considered in decision-making, for achieving an optimal balance between human needs and healthy riverine and coastal ecosystems. Currently, operation of existing reservoirs is challenged by increasing water demand, climate change effects and active storage reduction due to sediment deposition, jeopardizing their supply capacity. This paper proposes a methodological framework to reassess supply capacity and management resilience for an existing reservoir under these challenges. Future projections are derived by plausible climate scenarios and global climate models and by stochastic simulation of historic data. An alternative basic reservoir management scenario with a very low exceedance probability is derived. Excess water volumes are investigated under a probabilistic prism for enabling multiple-purpose water demands. Finally, this method is showcased to the Ladhon Reservoir (Greece). The probable total benefit from water allocated to the various water uses is estimated to assist decision makers in examining the tradeoffs between the probable additional benefit and risk of exceedance.

Study on a Practical Case of Cleaner Production Audit

2012 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 1334-1337
Author(s):  
Rong Jun Su
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Through the extensive research and deep analysis of existing problems in cleaner production, four middle/high expense plans were set forth, demonstrated and implemented. These four implement plans included high efficient steam traps, energy saving system of steam boiler, improved sewage treatment facilities and vacuum raw material feeder. The total investment was 330 thousand Yuan RMB. The annual discharge of waste water was reduced by about 30 thousand tons and annual economic profit was 680 thousand Yuan RMB. Moreover, better environmental and social benefit was created. More importantly, a sustainable cleaner production mechanism was established for the factory.

scholarly journals Wastewater Treatment Methods and Sewage Treatment Facilities in Almaty, Kazakhstan

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-251
Author(s):  
Kairat Ospanov ◽  
Erzhan Kuldeyev ◽  
Bagdaulet Kenzhaliyev ◽  
Anatoly Korotunov
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Treatment Facilities

scholarly journals Advanced sewage treatment facilities in South Tahoe.

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Takeshi MATSUNAMI ◽  
Kikuji HAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Captured metagenomics reveals high spatial variability in functional potential in CH4 producing and consuming microorganisms in a temperate Swedish peatland.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel White ◽  
Lena Ström ◽  
Dag Ahrén ◽  
Janne Rinne ◽  
Veiko Lehsten
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Methane Flux ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Functional Potential ◽  
Methane Budget ◽  
Methane Metabolism

<p>Microbial communities of methane producing methanogens and consuming methanotrophs play an important role for the earths atmospheric methane budget. Despite their global significance, the functional potential of these communities is poorly understood. To investigate this, we applied the molecular technique, captured metagenomics, to identify the variability in functional diversity of microorganisms involved in the metabolism of methane<sub></sub>in an environmentally controlled laboratory study. Nine plant-peat mesocosms dominated by the sedge Eriophorum vaginatum, with varying coverage, were collected from a temperate natural wetland is Sweden and subjected to a simulated growing season. Samples for analysis of captured metagenomes were taken from the top, bottom and root adjacent zone at the end of the experiment. In addition, over the simulated season, measured gas fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and CH<sub>4</sub>, δ<sup>13</sup>C of emitted CH<sub>4</sub> and the pore water concentration of dissolved methane and low molecular weight organic acids were recorded. The functional genes resulting from the captured metagenomes had a higher Shannon α-diversity in the root zone when compared to the bottom and top. Sequences coding for methane metabolism were significantly more diverse in the root and bottom zones when compared to the top. However, the frequency of Acetyl-CoA decarbonylase and methane monooxygenase subunit A were significantly higher in the high emitting methane flux category when compared to the medium and low emitting mesocosms. We conclude that captured metagenomic analyses of functional genes provides a good measure of the functional potential methanogenic and methanotrophic microbial communities. This technique can be used to investigate how methanogens and methanotrophs function in peatlands and thus, contribute to the concentration of atmospheric methane.</p>

Appropriate Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Morocco – Boujad: A Case Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Niedrum ◽  
A. Karioun ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
S. W. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Hot Arid Climate ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Reuse of wastewater for crop irrigation is essential to sustain agricultural growth in a country such as Morocco where water resources are scarce due to the hot, arid climate. However few towns in Morocco have sewage treatment facilities and reuse with untreated wastewater is therefore widespread, and the public health risks from excreta related disease high. A suitable treatment system to provide safe water for irrigation is the use of waste stabilisation ponds, which provide an effluent high in microbiological quality and also high in fertilizer value due to the large amounts of algae which are normally discharged. It was therefore decided to implement an integrated waste stabilisation pond, effluent reuse system as a demonstration scheme of the advantages, both in terms of improved crop productivity and public health of the local community. The town of Boujad in Kouribga Province was selected as a suitable site and this paper describes the background to the development.

scholarly journals Coastal urbanization alters carbon cycling in Tokyo Bay

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kubo ◽  
Jota Kanda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Net Community Production ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Coastal Urbanization ◽  
Freshwater Inputs

AbstractThe carbon budget of Tokyo Bay, a highly urbanized coastal basin, was estimated using a box model that incorporated inorganic and organic carbon data over an annual cycle (2011–2012). The surface water represented net autotrophic system in which the annual net community production (NCP) was 19 × 1010 gC year−1. The annual loading of dissolved inorganic carbon and total organic carbon (TOC) from freshwater inputs was 11.2 × 1010 and 4.9 × 1010 gC year−1, respectively. The annual TOC sedimentation rate was 3.1 × 1010 gC year−1, similar to the annual air–sea CO2 uptake (5.0 × 1010 gC year−1). Although the NCP and TOC loading from freshwater inputs were respectively 3.0 and 2.7 times lower than those in the 1970s, the TOC sedimentation rate was similar. Therefore, a relatively high carbon efflux from Tokyo Bay likely occurred in the 1970s, including CO2 efflux to the atmosphere and/or export of labile organic carbon to the open ocean. The changes in carbon flow between the 1970s and 2011–2012 resulted from improved water quality due to increased sewage treatment facilities and improved sewage treatment efficiency in the catchment, which decreased the amount of labile organic carbon flowing into the bay.

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