Applying the Push-Pull Framework to Downsizing in Late Life

Abstract One of the most frequently cited theoretical models of relocation decision-making is Wiseman’s Behavioral Model of Elderly Migration. Based on this model, the present study used a push-pull framework to describe older adults’ reasons for downsizing to a smaller home. A sample of 68 older adults who had downsized in the past year provided reasons for moving from their previous residence (push factors) and reasons for moving specifically to their new residence (pull factors). Participants rated the importance of each push/pull factor using a (1) not at all important to (4) extremely important scale. On average, participants rated pull factors (M = 3.63, SD = .31) as slightly more important than push factors (M = 3.54, SD = .40) in their decision to move. The most frequently reported push factors were declining health (n = 47, 22%), having too much space or maintenance (n = 40, 19%), and disliking the location of their previous residence (n = 30, 14%). The most commonly reported pull factors were the attractive location of the new residence (n = 60, 28%), social factors (e.g., being closer to family and friends; n = 36, 17%), and services or amenities available in the new residence (n = 32, 15%). Qualitative responses will be presented to illustrate the interaction between push and pull factors in participants’ relocation decision-making. Findings are consistent with those identified in other studies on late-life relocation, establishing Wiseman’s behavioral model as a useful framework for investigating downsizing in late life.

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An Epistemic Network Analysis of Patient Decision-Making Regarding Choice of Therapy

10.31234/osf.io/azrym ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Szilvia Zörgő ◽

Gjalt - Jorn Ygram Peters ◽

Csajbók-Veres Krisztina ◽

Anna Jeney ◽

Andrew Ruis

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Patient Decision Making ◽

Patient Decision ◽

Choice Of Therapy

Background: Patient decision-making concerning therapy choice has been thoroughly investigated in the Push/Pull framework: factors pushing the patient away from biomedicine and those pulling them towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). Others have examined lay etiology as a potential factor in CAM use.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with patients employing only biomedicine and those using CAM. The coded and segmented data was quantified and modelled using epistemic network analysis (ENA) to explore what effects push/pull factors and etiology had on the decision-making processes.Results: There was a marked difference between our two subsamples concerning push factors: although both groups exhibited similar scaled relative code frequencies, the CAM network models were more interconnected, indicating that CAM users expressed dissatisfaction with a wider array of phenomena. Among pull factors, a preference for natural therapies accounted for differences between groups but did not retain a strong connection to rejecting conventional treatments. Etiology, particularly adherence to vitalism, was also a critical factor in both choice of therapy and rejection of biomedical treatments.Conclusions: Push factors had a crucial influence on decision-making, not as individual entities, but as a constellation of experienced phenomena. Belief in vitalism affects the patient’s explanatory model of illness, changing the interpretation of other etiological factors and illness itself. Scrutinizing individual push/pull factors or etiology does not explain therapeutic choices; it is from their interplay that decisions arise. Our unified, qualitative-and-quantitative methodological approach offers novel insight into decision-making by displaying connections among codes within patient narratives.

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Introduction

Killing Strangers ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198863502.003.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

T. K. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Political Violence ◽

Coercive Power ◽

Social Changes ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Western State ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Violent Action ◽

Push And Pull

How has political violence changed over the long term? This introduction makes the case for looking closely at specific acts—or ‘repertoires’—of violent action. Only through such a fine-grained approach can the distinctively modern quality to contemporary violence be isolated analytically: including its frequently impersonal nature—the killing of strangers referenced in the book’s title. The definitional and geographical parameters of the study are briskly sketched: and the overall structure delineated. An early emphasis is placed here on both ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors in shaping modern political violence. Push factors concern chiefly the rise of the modern western state undergirded by bureaucracies of extraordinary coercive power and reach. ‘Pull’ factors refer to the technological and social changes that open up radically new opportunities and possibilities for violence.

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DEATH ANXIETY AND FINANCIAL DECISION-MAKING IN AGING: A STUDY FROM THE HUMAN CONNECTOME PROJECT AGING (HCP-A)

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.3311 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S907-S907

Author(s):

Timothy K Ly ◽

Mirella Diaz-Santos ◽

Liam Campbell ◽

Marcela Caldera ◽

Taylor Kuhn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Decision Making ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Late Life ◽

Financial Decision Making ◽

Monetary Rewards ◽

Delayed Reward ◽

Human Connectome Project ◽

Financial Decision ◽

Delayed Reward Discounting

Abstract While research addressing late-life death anxiety (the fear of death or the dying process) has focused on end-of-life care decision-making, few have studied the effect of late-life death anxiety on financial decision-making. This is particularly relevant to financial decision-making as older adults are more vulnerable to fraud and deception. The aim of this study was to determine how age and death anxiety affect financial decision-making in a sample of older adults of 60-93 years of age (N = 102), who participated in the HCP-A project at UCLA. To study this relationship, we used a delayed reward discounting task to model financial decision-making, where higher rates of discounting indicate a greater preference for immediate, smaller monetary rewards and lower rates of discounting indicate more future-oriented planning. To account for age-related cognitive decline, cognitive functioning was assessed using the NIH Toolbox. We hypothesized that the presence of death anxiety will increase discounting of future rewards in older adults. Results from a univariate ANOVA showed an interaction between age, death anxiety, and delayed reward discounting. Specifically, older adults with self-reported death anxiety showed greater preference for immediate, smaller monetary rewards. By controlling for cognition, these findings suggest that death anxiety moderates decision-making in late-life adults and may add to our understanding of why older adults are more susceptible to financial abuse. These results suggest a need to consider death anxiety as a moderating variable when developing and implementing policies and services that are geared towards older adults.

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FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK WISATAWAN BACKPACKER MANCANEGARA BERWISATA KE BALI

Jurnal IPTA ◽

10.24843/ipta.2016.v04.i02.p04 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Gayatri Manik ◽

I Ketut Suwena ◽

I Wayan Suardana

Keyword(s):

Social Interaction ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Variety Seeking ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Self Identity ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Push Factor

Trend backpackers is growing in various areas, including in Bali. Backpackers have been identified as having “a preference for budget accommodation, independently organized travel and emphasis on meeting other travellers, longer rather than brief holidays. The purpose of this research are to anlyses the push and pull factors that motivate the foreign backpacker tourists traveled to Bali. Sample on this research is 200 respondents of backpackers and using purposive sampling technique. Offline questionnaires are used for data collecting and the analysis technique is based on factor analysis. The results of research shows that the push factors backpackers traveled to Bali are (1) facilitation of social interaction, (2) self-identity, (3) relaxation, (4) prestige, (5) adventure (6) novelty. The push factor that dominantly is facilitation of social interaction. The pull factors are (1) cultural/historical, (2) affordable price, (3) variety seeking, (4) tourism facilities, (5) safety and clean, (6) environment. The pull factor that dominantly is Cultural / Historical.

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Comparing Push and Pull Factors Affecting Migration

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies10010021 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Mariusz Urbański

Keyword(s):

Primary Data ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Political Issues ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

Major Factors ◽

Push And Pull

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparison of the push and pull factors affecting migration between Poland and Romania. The study aimed to find out which among the push and pull factors have a greater effect overall and individually on the migration activities. The study was conducted using primary data collected from migrants in both countries using a structured questionnaire. There were data from 298 and 288 surveys for Poland and Romania, respectively. The push and pull migration framework was applied to guide the study. The model suitability was confirmed satisfactory on validity, reliability and factor analysis. The hypothesis was analyzed and evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study indicated that pull factors have a greater influence on migration in these two countries as compared to the push factors. Five out of six (economic, political and social in Poland and economic and political in Romania) pull factors were found significant as compared to two (social in Poland and in Romania) out of six push factors. Pull economic factors were significant determinants of migration in all the countries. Pull political factors were found to have the highest effect in both countries, because they influenced migrants in Romania. Economic factors are the major factors that influence migration, including the hope of finding better jobs and better life in the foreign countries, and these factors should be addressed in the effort to reduce migration. In addition, political issues such as unfair legal system, violent conflicts, underdevelopment, poverty, political instability and corruption should be addressed to control the issue of migration.

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Becoming a Home Care Worker: Job-Seekers’ Push and Pull Factors

Research on Aging ◽

10.1177/0164027519886176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 62-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shiri Shinan-Altman ◽

Varda Soskolne ◽

Liat Ayalon

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Home Care ◽

Personal Relationship ◽

Job Seekers ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

The Past ◽

Care Workers ◽

Home Care Workers ◽

Push And Pull

This study examined “push and pull” factors associated with the decision to become home care workers among job-seekers in Israel. Participants completed measures of ageism, anxiety about aging, attitudes toward the home care profession, and personal relationship with older adults. Of 1,492 participants, 32.0% accepted the offer to become home care workers and were no longer in the job market, 36.7% accepted the offer but worked in the past, and 31.2% refused the offer. Compared to participants currently employed, the odds of being employed in the past were higher for participants who were younger, with poorer health and higher ageism; the odds of refusal were higher for males, Arabs, younger participants, with more education, lower ageism, and fewer personal relationship with older adults. The findings have implications for practice with job-seekers and for retaining current home care workers in the field. This may assist in expanding the home care workforce.

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Modeling the decision-making process of financial path transition from entrepreneur's perspective using a fuzzy cognitive mapping

World Journal of Science Technology and Sustainable Development ◽

10.1108/wjstsd-04-2021-0046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Anji Benhamed ◽

Said EL Hajjar ◽

Fatima Hamad Yaseen ◽

Noamen Amara

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cognitive Mapping ◽

Job Security ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping ◽

Content Type ◽

Pull Factor ◽

Salary Level ◽

The Impact

PurposeThis study explores how entrepreneurs modify their financial path(s) and go beyond job security to attain greater financial freedom. The present work examines the cash-flow quadrant (CFQ) attributes and demonstrates the importance of the push-pull factors for an individual's quadrant transition in achieving financial freedom.Design/methodology/approachA hypothetical model and an abductive approach were used through regression models in a population sample of 260 Bahraini entrepreneurs. Fuzzy participatory cognitive mapping was also used to develop a conceptual model of financial path transition's decision making among entrepreneurs and study the impact of certain push-pull factors on the entrepreneurs' decisions.FindingsThe triangulated study identifies six categories of variables: financial freedom, workplace condition, independence, salary level, family life-building and retirement savings as key pull-push factors that significantly impact financial path transition's decision. Fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) extends our knowledge of the dynamics of CFQ transitions from a push-pull factor perspective. The results indicate no significant differences between the variables listed in the regression model and the fuzzy cognitive map model. Four categories of pull-push factors appeared as the entrepreneurs' top rankings when ordered by complexity, centrality scores and impact weight. These categories were workplace conditions, financial freedom, independence and salary level. The findings widen the scope of knowledge of each quadrant and rationalize how and why such factors impact quadrant decisions among Bahraini entrepreneurs.Originality/valueMany studies discuss the CFQ model and consider its quadrants a specific method for identifying a unique financial path to generate income. A shifting quadrant occurs when individuals want to change their financial path and move beyond job security to achieve more financial freedom. Although this transition is well-established in the literature, the factors accounting for the individual's transition across quadrants have not received enough attention. This study fills this gap and calls for more in-depth investigations of this area to better understand the dynamics of CFQ transitions from a push-pull factor perspective.

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A matter of survival: why unaccompanied children leave the northern triangle of Central America

10.32920/ryerson.14649294 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lidia-Gabriela Jarmasz

Keyword(s):

Central America ◽

Forced Migration ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Enabling Factors ◽

Migration Flow ◽

Push Factors ◽

Unaccompanied Children ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Grounded Theory Approach

This MRP applies a grounded theory approach to a scoping review of a range of sources examining the factors driving the migration of unaccompanied children from the Northern Triangle of Central America. Four principal drivers are identified in the literature; of these, two represent push factors in the country of origin: violence and dismal economic conditions; the other two—family reunification and a perception of ease of entry into the destination country— can be construed as pull factors. I argue that the push factors are the main cause of the migration of unaccompanied children, while the pull factors represent enabling factors that facilitate this migration. Further, I also contend that, for this migration flow, violence and economic factors form a vicious cycle and therefore cannot easily be teased apart. This case therefore challenges traditional models of migration that assume a dichotomy between voluntary and forced migration. Key words: unaccompanied child migrants; Northern Triangle of Central America; drivers of migration; survival migration; push and pull factors

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Analisis Perkembangan Riset Pemasaran Tentang Perilaku Konsumen Dalam Melakukan Perpindahan Layanan (Consumer Switching Behavior), Menggunakan Studi Literatur

INOBIS Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia ◽

10.31842/jurnal-inobis.v1i1.14 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 18-31

Author(s):

Syaifuddin Fahmi

Keyword(s):

Technology Acceptance ◽

Technology Acceptance Model ◽

Reasoned Action ◽

Switching Behavior ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Consumer Switching ◽

Acceptance Model ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Push Factor

Perilaku perpindahan pelanggan terjadi saat pelanggan meninggalkan layanan atau produk awal yang mereka gunakan dan menggantinya dengan produk atau layanan baru. Fenomena ini menarik untuk diteliti seiring dengan ketatnya persaingan dan perkembangan teknologi yang memunculkan banyak alternatif produk dan layanan untuk dipilih oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan riset di bidang perilaku perpindahan layanan yang dilakukan oleh konsumen. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah literatur review, yaitu dengan menganalisis jurnal yang terbit pada tahun 2010 sampai dengan 2017 pada publisher emerald dan elsevier. Keyword yang dipergunakan untuk mencari adalah “consumer switching behavior”. Hasil studi pada 13 artikel jurnal ditemukan bahwa variabel yang dipergunakan untuk menganalisis perilaku perpindahan layanan di ambil dari beberapa teori perilaku yang sudah banyak dipergunakan, seperti Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), dan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Sedangkan beberapa penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa teori push and pull mooring dirasakan lebih tepat dipergunakan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis perilaku perpindahan layanan “switching behavior”. Yaitu dengan memasukkan faktor pendorong (push factors), faktor penarik (pull factors) dan faktor yang menjadi penghambat perpindahan (mooring factors). Keywords: TRA, TPB, TAM, Push Factor, Pull Factor, Mooring Factor

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An Analysis of Push and Pull Factors towards Purchase Intention to Shop at Batik Trusmi Cirebon

Conference Series ◽

10.34306/conferenceseries.v3i2.599 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 317-333

Author(s):

Munawaroh Zainal ◽

Agatha Wisastra

Keyword(s):

Purchase Intention ◽

Linear Regression Method ◽

Research Subject ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Method ◽

Push And Pull ◽

The Impact ◽

Is Design

This research is design to analyze how the concept of push-and-pull factors positively impact the purchase intention at Batik Trusmi Cirebon. The research models are made to measure the impact between push factors and pull factors towards purchase intention. The research subject in this research is the customers who have shopped at Batik Trusmi Cirebon. 160 respondents are taken as samples and the data have been analyzed with multiple linear regression method. The result shows that push factors and pull factors are positively impact purchase intention. This means, both of the hypothesis are accepted. Batik Trusmi Cirebon could improve their marketing strategy such as promotion and quality consistency in order to attract more customers and other recommendation are made based on this research finding which is concluded in the last chapter.

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