scholarly journals A Comparison of Symptoms in Hospitalized African American and White Persons With Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 763-763
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Galik ◽  
Boltz Marie ◽  
Rachel Arendacs ◽  
Ashley Kuzmik
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Race Disparities ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract There exist significant race disparities in the prevalence of dementia, with black persons with dementia (PWD) showing higher co-morbidity and more frequent hospitalizations, yet little is known how clinical presentations compare. This study compared physical function, delirium, depressive symptoms, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of distress (BPSD) in black and white PWDs when hospitalized. A multivariate analysis of covariance showed that, controlling for age, gender, cognitive status, and comorbidities, black PWD had more delirium (mean= 3.8, SD= 2.9) as compared to white PWDs (mean=2.4, SD= 2.2, F=4.8, p =.029). Additionally, black PWD had more depressive symptoms (mean= 11.7, SD= 6.7) as compared to white PWD (mean = 9.0, SD= 5.2, F=6.6, p =.011), and less improvement in functional status admission to discharge (mean =12.4, SD= 18.9) as compared to white PWD (mean=17.8, SD=18.8, F=12.3, p=.001). There were no differences in BPSD. Continued research examining factors influencing differences in race cohorts is warranted.

Relationship Between Cognition and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Lawlor ◽  
Gregory Swanwick ◽  
Robert Coen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Much research has focused on neurochemical and neuropathologic changes in dementia. However, further research is required before definite conclusions can be made about the link between these neurochemical and neuropathologic changes and specific behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) (Zaudig, 1998). Similarly, the relationship between cognitive status and BPSD has yet to be clarified. Studies investigating the relationship between cognition and BPSD have yielded little consensus, ranging from no association to positive, negative, or mixed findings (Chen et al., 1998). Examples include differences in findings from studies relating the occurrence of psychosis to the severity of cognitive deficits (Ballard & Oyebode, 1995; Molchan et al., 1995; Wragg & Jeste, 1989); failure of some often-quoted associations, such as a relationship between psychosis and the rate of cognitive decline, to hold up under a rigorous critical appraisal of the published data; and contradictory findings regarding the effects of antidepressant treatment on cognition in patients with concomitant dementia and depression (Greenwald, 1995).

Premorbid personality traits are associated with post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms: a three-month follow-up study in Perth, Western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R. Greenop ◽  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Graeme J. Hankey ◽  
Frank van Bockxmeer ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Close Family Member ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground: Previous research has found an association between post-stroke depressive symptoms and premorbid personality. This study sought to investigate further the relationship between premorbid personality and a number of common post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms in a three-month follow-up study.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between May 2003 and January 2005 in a Perth metropolitan teaching hospital. The pre-stroke personality of stroke survivors was assessed by interviewing a close family member (informant) within four weeks of the index stroke using the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. Three months after the stroke, patients were followed up and assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive examination and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and their informants completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-carer distress version (NPI) and instrumental activities of daily living scale.Results: Depressive symptoms were the most commonly reported post-stroke symptom (45.1%). Spearman's correlations showed that high neuroticism was positively correlated with NPI total scores (ρ = 0.37, p = 0.007), NPI total distress scores (ρ = 0.47, p = 0.001), and specifically with agitation and irritability NPI composite scores. Agreeableness was inversely correlated with agitation (ρ = −0.40, p = 0.004) and irritability (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.007) composite scores.Conclusions: Premorbid personality traits of high neuroticism and low agreeableness are associated with the presence of post-stroke agitation, irritability, and carer distress. This knowledge may contribute to the development of strategies designed to identify patients and families who require more intense supervision and support during post-stroke rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Disparities in Physical and Psychological Symptoms in Hospitalized African American and White Persons with Dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 089826432098321
Author(s):  
Marie Boltz ◽  
Rhonda BeLue ◽  
Barbara Resnick ◽  
Ashley Kuzmik ◽  
Elizabeth Galik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trial Testing ◽  
Family Centered

Objectives: This study examined differences in physical function, delirium, depressive symptoms, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in hospitalized African American and white older adults with dementia. Methods: This secondary data analysis using baseline data from an ongoing trial testing family-centered function-focused care included African American ( n = 159) and white persons ( n =135) with dementia. Results: A multivariate analysis of covariance showed that controlling for relevant demographic and health characteristics, African Americans with dementia had lower physical function, more delirium, and more depressive symptoms upon admission than white participants. There were no significant differences in BPSD between African American and white persons. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine racial differences in admission symptoms of hospitalized persons with dementia. While the findings are preliminary, they can be used to inform the design of future research, including identifying the causes of disparities.

scholarly journals Are there sensitive time periods for dementia caregivers? The occurrence of behavioral and psychological symptoms in the early stages of dementia

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1453-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Ornstein ◽  
J. E. Gaugler ◽  
D. P. Devanand ◽  
N. Scarmeas ◽  
C. W. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dementia Patient ◽  
Dementia Diagnosis ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Early Dementia ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground:The behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with dementia (BPSD) can be burdensome to informal/family caregivers, negatively affecting mental health and expediting the institutionalization of patients. Because the dementia patient–caregiver relationship extends over long periods of time, it is useful to examine how BPSD impact caregiver depressive symptoms at varied stages of illness. The goal of this study was to assess the association of BPSD that occur during early stage dementia with subsequent caregiver depressive symptoms.Methods:Patients were followed from the early stages of dementia every six months for up to 12 years or until death (n = 160). Caregiver symptoms were assessed on average 4.5 years following patient's early dementia behaviors. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) extension of the logistic regression model was used to determine the association between informal caregiver depressive symptoms and BPSD symptoms that occurred at the earliest stages dementia, including those persistent during the first year of dementia diagnosis.Results:BPSD were common in early dementia. None of the individual symptoms observed during the first year of early stage dementia significantly impacted subsequent caregiver depressive symptoms. Only patient agitation/aggression was associated with subsequent caregiver depressive symptoms (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.04–2.97) after controlling for concurrent BPSD, although not in fully adjusted models.Conclusions:Persistent agitation/aggression early in dementia diagnosis may be associated with subsequent depressive symptoms in caregivers. Future longitudinal analyses of the dementia caregiving relationship should continue to examine the negative impact of persistent agitation/aggression in the diagnosis of early stage dementia on caregivers.

Relationships Between Care Recipients’ Psychological Symptoms and Family Caregivers’ Depressive States

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110588
Author(s):  
Junko Hoshino ◽  
Koji Tamakoshi ◽  
Yoko Hori ◽  
Hisataka Sakakibara
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depressive State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Depressive States

This cross-sectional study aims to clarify the relationship between the number of behavioral and psychological symptoms in long-term care recipients and family caregivers’ depressive states. Participants were 38 family caregivers who had provided care for their relatives for 6 years or more; they were recruited from in-home care settings in Aichi, Gifu, and Shiga Prefectures, Japan. Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire assessing their depressive state using the Japanese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression Scale (CES-D). They also answered questions inquiring about behavioral and psychological symptoms of care recipients, including resistance to care, irritability, and feelings of persecution. Using CES-D scores, 11 participants were categorized as depressed and 27 as non-depressed. Depressive symptoms were significantly greater in those with more behavioral and psychological symptoms, following adjustment for confounding factors. The odds ratio of being in a depressive state was 9.43 higher for those with more than 4 behavioral and psychological symptoms compared to those with none, showing a distinct threshold for the influence of behavioral and psychological symptoms on depressive state. Knowing the number of behavioral and psychological symptoms of care recipients may help quickly identify depressed caregivers and alleviate depressive symptoms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document