Relationships Between Care Recipients’ Psychological Symptoms and Family Caregivers’ Depressive States

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110588
Author(s):  
Junko Hoshino ◽  
Koji Tamakoshi ◽  
Yoko Hori ◽  
Hisataka Sakakibara
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depressive State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Depressive States

This cross-sectional study aims to clarify the relationship between the number of behavioral and psychological symptoms in long-term care recipients and family caregivers’ depressive states. Participants were 38 family caregivers who had provided care for their relatives for 6 years or more; they were recruited from in-home care settings in Aichi, Gifu, and Shiga Prefectures, Japan. Participants answered a self-administered questionnaire assessing their depressive state using the Japanese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression Scale (CES-D). They also answered questions inquiring about behavioral and psychological symptoms of care recipients, including resistance to care, irritability, and feelings of persecution. Using CES-D scores, 11 participants were categorized as depressed and 27 as non-depressed. Depressive symptoms were significantly greater in those with more behavioral and psychological symptoms, following adjustment for confounding factors. The odds ratio of being in a depressive state was 9.43 higher for those with more than 4 behavioral and psychological symptoms compared to those with none, showing a distinct threshold for the influence of behavioral and psychological symptoms on depressive state. Knowing the number of behavioral and psychological symptoms of care recipients may help quickly identify depressed caregivers and alleviate depressive symptoms.

Depressive symptoms of informal caregivers are associated with those of community-dwelling dependent care recipients

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Izawa ◽  
Jun Hasegawa ◽  
Hiromi Enoki ◽  
Akihisa Iguch ◽  
Masafumi Kuzuya
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Recipients

ABSTRACTBackground: The relationship between care recipients’ depressive symptoms and those of caregivers remains unknown. We evaluated the association between the depressive status of caregivers and that of community-dwelling disabled care recipients.Methods: A prospective cohort study of 893 care recipients and paired caregivers was conducted. The care recipients were all eligible for a universal-coverage long-term care insurance program and their ages ranged from 65 to 104 years. They and their paired caregivers (age range 31–90 years) completed the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15, score range: 0–15) assessment at baseline. The GDS-15 was used to measure the depression of caregivers and recipients with a threshold of <6/6+. The data included each care recipient's demographic characteristics, overall health status, basic activities of daily living, and comorbidities. The data also included the caregiver's demographic characteristics, including the caregiver's relationship to the recipient, and the caregiver's subjective burden as assessed by the Japanese version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI).Results: The mean GDS-15 scores of care recipients and caregivers were 6.7 points and 5.6 points, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the GDS-15 scores of caregivers and care recipients (r = 0.307, p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders including ZBI score indicated that the depressive symptoms of caregivers were associated with those whose care recipients were in the groups with moderate and high GDS-15 scores (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.39–2.81, OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.87–5.24, respectively).Conclusion: Caregivers’ depressive symptoms are associated with the depressive mood of the care recipients even after adjusting for confounders including caregiver burden.

scholarly journals Predictors of Depressive Symptoms among Family Caregivers of Patients with Dementia in Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 549-558
Author(s):  
Yossie Susanti Eka Putri ◽  
Yajai Sitthimongkol ◽  
Virapun Wirojratana ◽  
Natkamol Chansatitporn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Depressive symptoms are common mental health problems among the family caregivers of patients with dementia. However, little is known about the prevalence of depressive symptoms among the family caregivers of patients with dementia in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine: 1) the factors predicting depressive symptoms, 2) the mediating role of social support in the relationship between burden and depressive symptoms, and 3) the association between depressive symptoms and healthcare utilization among family caregivers.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 250 family caregivers of patients with dementia recruited from four hospitals in Java, Indonesia. Data were collected by Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI); the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), the Mastery scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, hierarchical multiple linear regression, and Baron and Kenny's regression method were used to analyze the data.Results: The results revealed that about a quarter of the participants (24.8%) experienced depressive symptoms. Caregiver burden, mastery, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, and social support explained 45.5% of the variance in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among family caregivers (R2=0.455). Social support also partially mediated the association between caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. There was no association between depressive symptoms and the use of healthcare services among the family caregivers.Conclusion: The findings revealed that social support is a mediating factor affecting the relationship between caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. Interventions targeting social support to help alleviate caregiver burden would be effective in helping reduce depressive symptoms in the family caregivers of patients with dementia.

Factors associated with depressive symptoms in older Taiwanese adults in a long-term care community

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Chuan Hsu ◽  
Terry Badger ◽  
Pamela Reed ◽  
Elaine Jones
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Filial Responsibility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Transcendence

ABSTRACTBackground:This study was to examine culturally based factors as potential predictors of depressive symptoms in older Taiwanese adults living in eight long-term care institutions in southern Taiwan.Method:A cross-sectional, exploratory design study was used with a purposive sample of 156 participants with a mean age of 79.80 ± 7.14 years. Measurements included filial responsibility expectation questions, two questions about degrees of acceptance of institutionalization, Perceived Stress Scale, Self-Transcendence Scale, and Geriatric Depression Scale.Results:An elder's willingness to be institutionalized, an elder's willingness to remain institutionalized, perceived stress, and self-transcendence were significantly associated with depressive symptoms (r= –0.35; –0.49; 0.60; and –0.67, respectively). Although no evidence for the relationship between filial responsibility and depressive symptoms was found in this study, there was evidence that filial responsibility was highly valued. Self-transcendence was the strongest predictor of depressive symptoms, accounting for 45% of the variance.Conclusion:These findings provide insight into the cultural factors associated with depressive symptoms and support the need of timely interventions for institutionalized Taiwanese elderly population.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between depression and different multimorbidity patterns among older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cancan Li ◽  
Wenjia Peng ◽  
Mengying Li ◽  
Xinghui Li ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Older People ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Depression is common in patients with multimorbidity, but little is known about the relationship between depression and multimorbidity. The purpose of our research was to investigate multimorbidity patterns and their association with depression in a sample of older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China.Method: This was a population-based cross-sectional study, and participants included older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai. We collected information on chronic conditions using a self-reported medical history, and we used the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale to evaluate depressive symptoms. Patterns of multimorbidity were identified with exploratory factor analysis, using oblimin rotation. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depressive symptoms.Results: Hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and cataract showed strong associations with depression when co-occurring with other conditions. Three patterns of multimorbidity were identified: a musculoskeletal pattern, cardiometabolic pattern, and degenerative disease pattern. Among these, the cardiometabolic (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.223; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.102, 1.357) and degenerative disease (AOR 1.185; 95% CI 1.071, 1.311) patterns were associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Two of three multimorbidity patterns were found to be associated with depression. Physical and psychological dimensions require greater attention in the care of older adults who are covered by long-term care insurance.

scholarly journals Relationship between the Intake of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Japanese People: Differences According to Sex and Weight Status

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Thao Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Daisuke Goto ◽  
Sakae Miyagi ◽  
Yasuhiro Kambayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Depressive States

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have preventive effects against depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of n-3 PUFAs and depression among people according to sex and weight status. We utilized cross-sectional data from the Shika study in Japan. The study was conducted between 2013 and 2016. Data were collected from adults older than 65 years. Invitation letters were distributed to 2677 individuals, 2470 of whom participated in the study (92.3%). We assessed depressive states using the Japanese short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). We assessed the intake of n-3 PUFAs using the validated food frequency questionnaire. One thousand six hundred thirty-three participants provided data, among which 327 (20.0%) exhibited depressive symptoms. When we performed the stratified analysis by sex and weight status, there were significant inverse relationships between total n-3 PUFAs, individual n-3 PUFAs, and n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio and depressive symptoms in overweight/obese females. No correlations were observed between n-3 PUFAs intake and depressive states in males. The results demonstrated a relationship between n-3 PUFAs deficiencies and depressive states, particularly in overweight/obese females. Dietary modifications may help to prevent depressive symptoms in overweight/obese females.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in the Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults of Two Regions in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2818
Author(s):  
Yuri Sasaki ◽  
Yugo Shobugawa ◽  
Ikuma Nozaki ◽  
Daisuke Takagi ◽  
Yuiko Nagamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle School Level

The aim of the study was to investigate rural–urban differences in depressive symptoms in terms of the risk factors among older adults of two regions in Myanmar to provide appropriate intervention for depression depending on local characteristics. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and December, 2018, used a multistage sampling method to recruit participants from the two regions, for face-to-face interviews. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Depressive symptoms were positively associated with living in rural areas (B = 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12,0.72), female (B = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31,0.79), illness during the preceding year (B = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45,0.91) and non-Buddhist religion (B = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.001,1.15) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.61; 95% CI: −0.94, −0.28) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.30, −0.10). In women in urban areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.20) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.67; 95% CI: −1.23, −0.11), middle or high wealth index (B = −0.92; 95% CI: −1.59, −0.25) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.38, −0.03). In men in rural areas, illness during the preceding year was positively associated with depressive symptoms (B = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.33, 1.42). In women in rural areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.30) and protectively associated with primary education (B = −0.62; 95% CI: −1.12, −0.12) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.44; 95% CI: −0.68, −0.21). Religion and wealth could have different levels of association with depression between older adults in the urban and rural areas and men and women. Interventions for depression in older adults should consider regional and gender differences in the roles of religion and wealth in Myanmar.

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