scholarly journals Rejection of Care in Hospitalized Persons Living With Dementia: The Impact of Nurse Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 584-585
Author(s):  
Clarissa Shaw ◽  
Caitlin Ward ◽  
Jean Gordon ◽  
Kristine Williams ◽  
Keela Herr
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Baby Talk ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Resistiveness To Care ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Rejection of care (RoC) by persons living with dementia (PLWD) has yet to be measured in the hospital setting. Elderspeak communication (i.e., baby talk or infantilization) is an established antecedent to RoC in nursing home dementia care. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of elderspeak communication by nursing staff on RoC by hospitalized PLWD. Eighty-eight care encounters between 16 PLWD and 53 nursing staff were observed for RoC using the Resistiveness to Care scale in one Midwestern hospital. Audio-recordings of the care encounters were transcribed verbatim and coded for semantic, pragmatic, and prosodic features of elderspeak. Over one-quarter (28.7%) of the duration of nursing staff speech towards PLWD constituted elderspeak and nearly all (96.6%) of the 88 care encounters included some elderspeak. Almost half of the observations (48.9%) included RoC behaviors by PLWD. Rejection of care was modeled as present or absent using a GEE method. Characteristics of the PLWD (e.g., pain, delirium) and the observation (e.g., environmental simulation) were evaluated as potential covariates. After adjusting for pain, length of stay, and gender, a 15-percentage point decrease in the proportion of elderspeak communication by nursing staff reduced the odds of RoC by 62% (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.21-0.71, p=.002,) and a one unit decrease in pain reduced the odds of RoC by 63% (OR=0.37, 95% CI=0.22-0.63, p<.001). This study identified that pain and elderspeak are two modifiable factors of RoC. Person-centered interventions are needed that address communication practices and approaches to pain management for hospitalized PLWD.

Dysarthria in Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Clinical Presentation and Impacts on Communication

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Schölderle ◽  
Anja Staiger ◽  
Renée Lampe ◽  
Katrin Strecker ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Although dysarthria affects the large majority of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and can substantially complicate everyday communication, previous research has provided an incomplete picture of its clinical features. We aimed to comprehensively describe characteristics of dysarthria in adults with CP and to elucidate the impact of dysarthric symptoms on parameters relevant for communication. Method Forty-two adults with CP underwent speech assessment by means of standardized auditory rating scales. Listening experiments were conducted to obtain communication-related parameters—that is, intelligibility and naturalness—as well as age and gender estimates. Results The majority of adults with CP showed moderate to severe dysarthria with symptoms on all dimensions of speech, most prominently voice quality, respiration, and prosody. Regression analyses revealed that articulatory, respiratory, and prosodic features were the strongest predictors of intelligibility and naturalness of speech. Listeners' estimates of the speakers' age and gender were predominantly determined by voice parameters. Conclusion This study provides an overview on the clinical presentation of dysarthria in a convenience sample of adults with CP. The complexity of the functional impairment described and the consequences on the individuals' communication call for a stronger consideration of dysarthria in CP both in clinical care and in research.

scholarly journals Linguistic Means in Image of COVID-19 (German Political Discourse in Media)

2020 ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Daniil A. Petrenko ◽  
Eduard V. Likhachev ◽  
Marina V. Chernyshova
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Research Task ◽  
The Media ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
The Impact

The article is focused on the role of lexical and prosodic means of expression in the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in German political media discourse. As a research task, the authors identified an attempt to assess the dynamics of the image of the coronavirus phenomenon in the media and to identify the conditionality of the use of linguistic units at certain stages of the pandemic. The material for the study was transcripts and audio recordings of plots from leading German news channels in the first half of 2020. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the frequency of the use of lexical units and the correlation of lexical and prosodic means of expression. In the course of linguo-stylistic analysis, the main stylistic means are established, depicting the course of the pandemic and the fight against the virus. The prosodic features of the informants' speech, which are determined in the course of the electroacoustic analysis of statements, are brought into consideration. The impact of COVID-19 on all spheres of public life in Germany and its maximum representation in the media determine the relevance of this study. The novelty of the study is seen in the application of a comprehensive methodology for analyzing expressive means in the speech of informants in the period from January to May 2020.

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

Contact precautions for colonisation with multidrug-resistant organisms and haemodialysis patient quality of life and mood: a pilot case-control study

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathika Krishnasamy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Contact Precautions ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background: The rate of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) colonisation in dialysis populations has increased over time. This study aimed to assess the effect of contact precautions and isolation on quality of life and mood for haemodialysis (HD) patients colonised with MDRO. Methods: Patients undergoing facility HD completed the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL–SFTM), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Personal Wellbeing-Index Adult (PWI-A). Patients colonised with MDRO were case-matched by age and gender with patients not colonised. Results: A total of 16 MDRO-colonised patients were matched with 16 controls. Groups were well matched for demographics and co-morbidities, other than a trend for older dialysis vintage in the MDRO group [7.2 years (interquartile range 4.6–10.0) compared to 3.2 (1.4–7.6) years, p=0.05]. Comparing MDRO-positive with negative patients, physical (30.5±10.7 vs. 34.6±7.3; p=0.2) and mental (46.5±11.2 vs. 48.5±12.5; p = 0.6) composite scores were not different between groups. The MDRO group reported poorer sleep quality (p=0.01) and sleep patterns (p=0.05), and lower social function (p=0.02). BDI scores were similar (MDRO-positive 10(3.5–21.0) vs. MDRO-negative 12(6.5–16.0), p=0.6). PWI-A scores were also similar in both groups; however, MDRO patients reported lower scores for “feeling safe”, p=0.03. Conclusion: While overall scores of quality of life and depression were similar between groups, the MDRO group reported poorer outcomes in sleep and social function. A larger cohort and qualitative interviews may give more detail of the impact of contact precautions and isolation on HD patients. The necessity for contact precautions for different MDRO needs consideration.

Novel Relations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Mireles Christoff
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Object Relations ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Victorian Novels ◽  
Victorian Fiction ◽  
Gender And Sexuality Studies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

This book engages twentieth-century post-Freudian British psychoanalysis in an unprecedented way: as literary theory. Placing the writing of figures like D. W. Winnicott, W. R. Bion, Michael and Enid Balint, Joan Riviere, Paula Heimann, and Betty Joseph in conversation with canonical Victorian fiction, the book reveals just how much object relations can teach us about how and why we read. These thinkers illustrate the ever-shifting impact our relations with others have on the psyche, and help us see how literary figures—characters, narrators, authors, and other readers—shape and structure us too. In the book, novels are charged relational fields. Closely reading novels by George Eliot and Thomas Hardy, the book shows that traditional understandings of Victorian fiction change when we fully recognize the object relations of reading. It is not by chance that British psychoanalysis illuminates underappreciated aspects of Victorian fiction so vibrantly: Victorian novels shaped modern psychoanalytic theories of psyche and relationality—including the eclipsing of empire and race in the construction of subject. Relational reading opens up both Victorian fiction and psychoanalysis to wider political and postcolonial dimensions, while prompting a closer engagement with work in such areas as critical race theory and gender and sexuality studies. The book describes the impact of literary form on readers and on twentieth- and twenty-first-century theories of the subject.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document