scholarly journals Joint Trajectories of Multimorbidity, Function, Cognition, and Depression in the HRS (1998-2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 616-616
Author(s):  
Corey Nagel ◽  
Heather Allore ◽  
Jason Newsom ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
David Dorr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Abstract There is substantial heterogeneity in the impact of multimorbidity on functional, cognitive, and emotional health. Few studies, however, have examined this simultaneously across these multiple domains. We used finite mixture modeling to identify latent clusters of individuals following similar joint trajectories of multimorbidity, functional ability, cognitive performance, and depressive symptoms among 11,841 HRS respondents aged 65+ from 1998 to 2014. We identified four distinct clusters of joint trajectories: (1) 32.5% of the sample were characterized by low multimorbidity (mean = 0.60 conditions at age 65; 2.2 conditions at age 90), minimal deterioration in functional or cognitive ability, and low depressive symptoms; (2) 33.5%, had increased multimorbidity compared with the first group (mean = 2.3 at age 65; 4.0 at age 90) but minimal functional or cognitive impairment and low depressive symptoms; (3) 19.9%, had relatively low multimorbidity (mean = 1.3 at age 65 increasing to 2.8 at age 90), but exhibited worsening cognitive performance, increasing functional limitations, and moderate depressive symptoms ; and (4) 14.1%, had higher multimorbidity (mean = 3.3 at age 65 increasing to 4.6 at age 90), worsening cognitive performance, substantial functional limitation, and high depressive symptoms. Black and Hispanic race/ethnicity, lower levels of income and education, male gender, and smoking history were significantly associated with membership in classes characterized by higher multimorbidity, cognitive and functional impairment, and greater depressive symptoms. This study provides insight into the heterogenous trajectories of aging and helps identify older individuals at higher risk for poor aging outcomes across multiple health domains.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Exacerbation of Depressive Symptoms for Social Frailty from the ORANGE Registry

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 986
Author(s):  
Ayuto Kodama ◽  
Yu Kume ◽  
Sangyoon Lee ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Background: Recent longitudinal studies have reported proportion of frailty transition in older individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study aimed at clarifying the impact of social frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and at identifying factors that can predict transition to social frailty. Methods: We performed this study from 2019 (before declaration of the state of emergency over the rising number of COVID-19 cases) to 2020 (after declaration of the emergency). We applied Makizako’s social frail index to our study subjects at the baseline and classified into robust, social prefrailty, and social frailty groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using robust, social prefrailty, or social frailty status as dependent variable. Results: Analysis by the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed significant differences in the score on the GDS-15 among the robust, social prefrailty, and social frailty groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, multiple regression analysis identified a significant association between the social frailty status and the score on GDS-15 (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.15–2.13; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The increase in the rate of transition of elderly individuals to the social frailty group could have been related to the implementation of the stay-at-home order as part of the countermeasures for COVID-19. Furthermore, the increased prevalence of depressive symptoms associated with the stay-at-home order could also have influenced the increase in the prevalence of social frailty during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Impact of Egg Consumption on Visual Cognitive Performance in the Nutrition, Vision, and Cognition in Health: Egg (IONHealth-Egg) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Karen Beathard ◽  
Nicos Georghiades ◽  
Rosemary Walzem ◽  
Susanne Talcott ◽  
Stephen Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visual Cognitive

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the nutrients in eggs, specifically in the yolk, on the visual cognitive performance (VCP) in generally healthy older individuals. Methods Ninety-nine generally healthy men (36) and women (63) aged 50 to 75 years were assigned randomly to one of five dietary treatment groups: four egg whites; two whole regular eggs; two whole omega-3-fortified eggs; four egg yolks; and a no-egg control. Subjects were asked to maintain their usual dietary intake including the treatment modifications daily for 30 d. VCP was measured using the NeuroTracker™ CORE (NT) 3-Dimensional (3-D) software program (15 training sessions) during the final 2 wk of the study. Extensive secondary information including body composition, cardiovascular measures, sleep and exercise patterns, and general readiness to perform were also collected. Participants recorded food intake during the first 2 wk of treatment and each day they trained on the NT. Food logs were analyzed using Nutribase software. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS using repeated measures ANOVA including significant covariates when appropriate. Results The dietary intervention was successful at creating distinct dietary intake differences for choline, lutein, omega-3 fatty acids and cholesterol (P &lt; 0.01) between groups and improving VSP in all groups (+37%, P &lt; 0.01). Additionally, men had significantly higher VSP (NTmean = 1.02 ± 0.33) than women (0.88 ± 0.27, P = 0.02), however, no dietary intervention differences were significant (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions Dietary and cognitive interventions were successful at altering dietary intake and improving cognitive performance respectively but no egg consumption pattern was superior in improving cognitive response. Funding Sources Egg Nutrition Center

scholarly journals The Impact of Physical Activities on Cognitive Performance among Healthy Older Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Blanka Klimova ◽  
Radka Dostalova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Alternative Programs ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
The Impact

The population is aging in developed countries. This aging process results in many changes, both physical and mental. Over the years, there has been a gradual decline in the level of cognitive functions closely related to the ageing process, which is most often connected with ageing diseases such as dementia. So far, pharmacological treatment has not yet been able to cure this neurological disorder. Health policies around the world seek to find alternative programs and strategies to help a healthy population prevent cognitive decline and prolong active life. One such strategy appears to be physical activity. The aim of this review is to discuss the impact of physical activity on cognitive performance among healthy older individuals. The methodology of this study is based on a systematic electronic literature search of available studies found in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The findings suggest that any physical activity in older age seems to have a positive impact on the improvement of cognitive function. Furthermore, it appears that dancing, due to its multiple mechanisms, might have the biggest effect on the enhancement of cognitive performance in healthy older individuals. However, controlled clinical trials of physical activity intervention in older adults are rare. Therefore, further research in this area (particularly on the amount of physical activity, its intensity and type) is needed.

scholarly journals OLDER ADULTS’ HEALTH AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SUBJECTIVE LIFE EXPECTANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S694-S694
Author(s):  
Dahee Kim ◽  
Kyuho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling

Abstract Older adults’ mental and physical health is likely to limit social engagement, but their perception of how much time they have left, according to the socio-emotional selectivity theory, might influence it as well. The aim of the research is to investigate the mediating effect of subjective life expectancy (SLE) on the pathways from older adults’ mental health and functional limitation to volunteering and contacts with close relationships. The current research used data of 5,285 older adults aged 50 to 75 from the Health and Retirement Study collected in 2014. Structural equation modeling was performed to investigate the direct effect of older adults’ depressive symptoms and functional limitation on volunteering and contact with close relationships. Predictors’ indirect effects via SLE was also assessed. The results indicated that older adults’ higher depressive symptoms and functional limitations significantly decreased volunteering time and frequency of contacts with close relationships. Older adults’ SLE attenuated the effects of depressive symptoms and functional limitations on their volunteering time and frequency of contact with close relationships. The findings describe the mechanism of how older adults engage in volunteering and contact with close relationships through their perception of remaining time. Further, this research highlights SLE as a motivator for encouragement of older adults’ social engagement.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL LIMITATION IN LATER LIFE: THE IMPACT OF SIPS, SOCIALIZATION, AND SADNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S565-S565
Author(s):  
Rosanna Scott ◽  
Chelsea Wiener ◽  
Daniel Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Moderate Drinking ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recent studies posit discrepant impacts of alcohol use on health outcomes. Potential reasons for contrasting results include: (1) selection bias involved in classifying individuals as “abstainers” or “drinkers,” (2) unexamined demographic variables associated with alcohol use, and (3) unaddressed mechanisms of action. Given new studies identifying socialization as a mediator between alcohol use and health outcomes, this study examines social interaction and depressive symptoms, respectively, as serial mediators in the relationship between moderate alcohol use and functional limitation, while employing methods to reduce selection bias. HRS data from 2012 and 2014 were utilized (n=1,902); heavy drinkers, adults younger than 65, and respondents with inconsistent alcohol use from 2008 to 2014 were excluded. Hypotheses were evaluated using a longitudinal serial mediation model with bias-corrected bootstrapping. Results indicated that, in the context of demographic variables, medical burden, and previous functional limitation, the beneficial relationship between moderate alcohol use and future functional limitation is only present when considering social interaction and depressive symptoms as mediators, both individually and serially (variance accounted for=39.4%). There was no direct effect of moderate alcohol use on functional limitation outside the context of these mediators. Data indicate that previously suggested relationships between moderate drinking and reduced functional limitation are better explained through increased social interaction and subsequent reduced depressive symptoms. Results identify social interaction as an accessible treatment target to prevent/reduce depressive symptoms and functional limitation in later-life, and support increased assessment of IADLs in adults experiencing depressive symptoms to facilitate early treatment/prevention of functional limitation.

scholarly journals Domains of Childhood Disadvantage and Functional Limitation Trajectories Among Midlife Men and Women in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 501-512
Author(s):  
Morgan E. Peele
Keyword(s):  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Childhood Conditions ◽  
Men Health ◽  
Influence Functional ◽  
Midlife Adults ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
Multiple Domains

Objective: To examine the impacts of four childhood disadvantage domains—parental behavior, hunger, health, and socioeconomic status (SES)—on functional limitation trajectories among midlife adults in China. Method: Data (2011-2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N = 8,646) were used to examine the associations between different domains of childhood disadvantage and functional limitation trajectories among adults aged 45 to 64. Results: Adverse parental behavior was not associated with baseline functional limitation but was associated with steeper trajectories for men. Health, hunger, and SES were associated with more functional limitations at baseline, and SES with steeper trajectories for men and women. Adulthood SES largely accounted for the associations between childhood SES and functional limitations for men. Discussion: It is important to examine multiple domains of childhood conditions because the type and magnitude of disadvantage may influence functional limitations in different ways among men and women in China.

The impact of social networks on the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms in older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Stoeckel ◽  
Howard Litwin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Meaningful Relationships ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Network Type

ABSTRACTBackground:To examine the role of meaningful relationship characteristics, defined here as social network type, in relation to the association between functional impairment and depressive symptoms.Methods:The sample included respondents aged 65 years and older (n = 26,401) from the fourth wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Respondents were classified into one of seven relationship network types (Distal Children (living at a distance), Proximal Family (living nearby), Spouse, Other Family, Friend, Other, and No Network) according to the predominant characteristics of their most meaningful relationships. A two-stage regression analysis was performed in which the number of depressive symptoms was first regressed on the extent of functional impairment and network type, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, health, and country. In the second stage, variables representing the interactions between functional impairment and network type were considered.Results:The compositional characteristics of respondents’ relationships in later life, as defined by social network type, were associated with depressive symptoms. In particular, when experiencing functional impairment, those without any meaningful relationships were found to have more depressive symptoms when compared to all other network types. The findings underscore the importance of meaningful relationships for the mental health of older adults experiencing functional impairment as well as the risk of experiencing depression among those who maintain no personal social network.Conclusions:The study shows that differing constellations of meaningful relationships in later life yield different associations with mental health, especially when taking functional limitations into account.

scholarly journals Functional limitations of Brazilian elderly by age and gender differences: data from SABE Survey

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1177-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline R. Barbosa ◽  
José M. P. Souza ◽  
Maria L. Lebrão ◽  
Ruy Laurenti ◽  
Maria de Fátima N. Marucci
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multicenter Survey

This study provides the prevalence, by gender and age-groups, of observed physical performance test (PPT) assessing functional limitation for representative samples of elderly Brazilian subjects living in São Paulo city. This cross-sectional epidemiological study, both population- and household-based, is part of a multicenter survey (SABE) undertaken in seven Latin American and Caribbean countries and coordinated by the Pan-American Health Organization. From January 2000 to March 2001, 2,143 elderly individuals (> 60 years) of both sexes were examined. Of this total, 1,894 participated in the study. PPT included handgrip strength, standing balance, timed repeated "chair stand", and "pick up a pen". Results have shown (based on chi-square) that the prevalence relating to the performance differed according to sex, age group, and from one test to another. With increasing age, there was a reduction (p = 0.000) in both males and females in the proportion of individuals that had better results on the tests. The male group, on every test, when compared to women from the same age group, had a more individuals with better scores. Data suggest that older individuals and women have more functional limitations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document